Question 1

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand, 5′-AGATCCG-3′?

Accepted Answer

A)  5′-AGATCCG-3′ 
B)  3′-AGATCCG-5′ 
C)  5′-CTCGAAT-3′ 
D)  3′-CTCGAAT-5′ 
E)  3′-TCTAGGC-5′ 
A)  5′-AGATCCG-3′ 
B)  3′-AGATCCG-5′ 
C)  5′-CTCGAAT-3′ 
D)  3′-CTCGAAT-5′ 
E)  3′-TCTAGGC-5′ E

Question 2

A nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar molecule, and

Accepted Answer

A)  two of five nitrogeneous bases. 
B)  one of five nitrogeneous bases. 
C)  one of four nitrogeneous bases. 
D)  two of four nitrogeneous bases. 
E)  three of six nitrogeneous bases. 
A)  two of five nitrogeneous bases. 
B)  one of five nitrogeneous bases. 
C)  one of four nitrogeneous bases. 
D)  two of four nitrogeneous bases. 
E)  three of six nitrogeneous bases. C

Question 3

Hydrogen bonds can form between guanine and ____, and between adenine and ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphate; sugar 
B)  thymine; cytosine 
C)  cytosine; thymine 
D)  sugar; phosphate 
E)  adenine; guanine 
A)  phosphate; sugar 
B)  thymine; cytosine 
C)  cytosine; thymine 
D)  sugar; phosphate 
E)  adenine; guanine C

Question 4

In the experiments of Griffith, the conversion of nonlethal R-strain bacteria to lethal S-strain bacteria

Accepted Answer

A)  was due to genetic mutation. 
B)  was due to transformation. 
C)  proved that proteins are the genetic material. 
D)  could not be reproduced by other researchers. 
E)  was similar to experiments performed by Watson and Crick. 
A)  was due to genetic mutation. 
B)  was due to transformation. 
C)  proved that proteins are the genetic material. 
D)  could not be reproduced by other researchers. 
E)  was similar to experiments performed by Watson and Crick.

Question 5

X-ray diffraction images produced by ____ were used by Watson and Crick to infer the structure of DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  Wilkins 
B)  Griffith 
C)  Franklin 
D)  Hershey 
E)  Watson and Wilkins 
A)  Wilkins 
B)  Griffith 
C)  Franklin 
D)  Hershey 
E)  Watson and Wilkins

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: catalyzes the synthesis of an RNA primer at both leading and lagging strand

Accepted Answer

The Answer of DNA primase and Single-strand binding protein and is...

Question 7

How is a bacterial chromosome replicated?

Accepted Answer

A)  The linear DNA molecule is replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
B)  The linear DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
C)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
D)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
E)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication unidirectionally. 
A)  The linear DNA molecule is replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
B)  The linear DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
C)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from multiple origins of replication bidirectionally. 
D)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication bidirectionally. 
E)  The circular DNA molecule is replicated from one origin of replication unidirectionally.

Question 8

Enzymes called ____ form breaks in the DNA molecules to prevent the formation of knots in the DNA helix during replication.

Accepted Answer

A)  topoisomerases 
B)  single-strand binding proteins 
C)  DNA polymerases 
D)  RNA polymerases 
E)  DNA ligases 
A)  topoisomerases 
B)  single-strand binding proteins 
C)  DNA polymerases 
D)  RNA polymerases 
E)  DNA ligases

Question 9

Briefly explain the experiments of Avery and his colleagues and those of Hershey and Chase. What did those experiments support?

Accepted Answer

Concepts to Consider: The experiments of

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: demonstrated that genetic traits can be transferred from one bacterium to another

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Meselson and Stahl and Griffith and Hershey is...

Question 11

Which of the following causes the unwinding of the DNA double helix?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA helicase 
C)  RNA primer 
D)  Primosome 
E)  RNA polymerase 
A)  DNA polymerase 
B)  DNA helicase 
C)  RNA primer 
D)  Primosome 
E)  RNA polymerase

Question 12

Which of the following consists of short, noncoding, guanine-rich DNA sequences that repeat many times?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA ligase 
B)  Helicase 
C)  Telomere 
D)  Plasmid 
E)  Apoptosis 
A)  DNA ligase 
B)  Helicase 
C)  Telomere 
D)  Plasmid 
E)  Apoptosis

Question 13

Which is a powerful method for determining the 3D structure of a molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  NMR spectroscopy 
B)  3D electron microscopy 
C)  Infrared spectroscopy 
D)  Ultraviolet spectroscopy 
E)  X-ray diffraction 
A)  NMR spectroscopy 
B)  3D electron microscopy 
C)  Infrared spectroscopy 
D)  Ultraviolet spectroscopy 
E)  X-ray diffraction

Question 14

From the DNA X-ray crystallography data, Franklin and Wilkins inferred that ____, while Watson and Crick determined that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  purines and pyrimidines exist in a 1:1 ratio; DNA is helical 
B)  phosphates are stacked liked rungs on a ladder; DNA is helical 
C)  DNA is helical; DNA is the genetic material 
D)  DNA is helical; the flat nucleotide bases are stacked upon each other 
E)  the flat nucleotide bases are stacked upon each other; DNA is helical. 
A)  purines and pyrimidines exist in a 1:1 ratio; DNA is helical 
B)  phosphates are stacked liked rungs on a ladder; DNA is helical 
C)  DNA is helical; DNA is the genetic material 
D)  DNA is helical; the flat nucleotide bases are stacked upon each other 
E)  the flat nucleotide bases are stacked upon each other; DNA is helical.

Question 15

In replication, once the DNA strands have been separated, reformation of the double helix is prevented by

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA helicase enzyme. 
B)  single-strand binding proteins. 
C)  DNA polymerases. 
D)  ATP. 
E)  DNA primase. 
A)  DNA helicase enzyme. 
B)  single-strand binding proteins. 
C)  DNA polymerases. 
D)  ATP. 
E)  DNA primase.

Question 16

The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes can be lengthened by

Accepted Answer

A)  apoptosis. 
B)  mismatch repair enzymes. 
C)  primase. 
D)  telomerase. 
E)  DNA polymerase. 
A)  apoptosis. 
B)  mismatch repair enzymes. 
C)  primase. 
D)  telomerase. 
E)  DNA polymerase.

Question 17

Match between columns
                        Premises: discovered that the genetic material in bacteriophages is DNA

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Hershey and Chase and Avery and Meselson is...

Question 18

Match between columns
                        Premises: demonstrated that DNA is replicated semiconservatively

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Griffith and Avery and Meselson and Stahl is...

Question 19

Primase is the enzyme responsible for

Accepted Answer

A)  unwinding the DNA double strand to allow DNA polymerase access to the template DNA. 
B)  introducing nicks into the DNA double strand in order to prevent the formation of knots. 
C)  hydrolyzing ATP to facilitate DNA unwinding. 
D)  making short strands of RNA at the site of replication initiation. 
E)  forming a replication fork in the DNA double helix. 
A)  unwinding the DNA double strand to allow DNA polymerase access to the template DNA. 
B)  introducing nicks into the DNA double strand in order to prevent the formation of knots. 
C)  hydrolyzing ATP to facilitate DNA unwinding. 
D)  making short strands of RNA at the site of replication initiation. 
E)  forming a replication fork in the DNA double helix.

Question 20

Match between columns
                        Premises: demonstrated the ratio of nucleotide bases in DNA

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Chargaff and Avery and Meselson and Stahl is...

Exam 12: DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Which of the following nucleotide sequences represents the complement to the DNA strand, 5′-AGATCCG-3′?

A nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar molecule, and

Hydrogen bonds can form between guanine and ____, and between adenine and ____.

In the experiments of Griffith, the conversion of nonlethal R-strain bacteria to lethal S-strain bacteria

X-ray diffraction images produced by ____ were used by Watson and Crick to infer the structure of DNA.

How is a bacterial chromosome replicated?

Enzymes called ____ form breaks in the DNA molecules to prevent the formation of knots in the DNA helix during replication.

Briefly explain the experiments of Avery and his colleagues and those of Hershey and Chase. What did those experiments support?

Which of the following causes the unwinding of the DNA double helix?

Which of the following consists of short, noncoding, guanine-rich DNA sequences that repeat many times?

Which is a powerful method for determining the 3D structure of a molecule?

From the DNA X-ray crystallography data, Franklin and Wilkins inferred that ____, while Watson and Crick determined that ____.

In replication, once the DNA strands have been separated, reformation of the double helix is prevented by

The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes can be lengthened by

Primase is the enzyme responsible for

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Hydrogen bonds can form between guanine and , and between adenine and .

From the DNA X-ray crystallography data, Franklin and Wilkins inferred that , while Watson and Crick determined that .