Exam 12: Problem Solving.

In analogical problem solving,theproblem is the problem that an individual is trying to solve,and the Problem,which has been solved in the past,is used as a guide for reaching that solution..

In the two-string problem,tying the pliers to one of the strings best represents a(n)state.

Your textbook suggests that a trait that appears to be common to both mental illness and creativity is.

identified people's tendency to focus on a specific characteristic of a problem that keeps them from arriving at a solution as a major obstacle to successful problem solving.

In its discussion of expertise and problem solving,your text identifies the kind of scientists who are most likely to make revolutionary discoveries in their fields.This particular discussion suggests thatmay be more important thanin creative thinking.

Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a(n)

Describe the three steps involved in analogical problem solving.Which step is the most difficult to achieve,and what is the evidence that this is the most difficult step?

The typical purpose of subgoals is to

Which of the following is not true about divergent thinking?

Define and give examples of divergent thinking.How does this relate to creativity?

The elements of the problem space include all of the following EXCEPT

Describe the Gestalt approach to problem solving and provide an example.

Illustrative of functional fixedness,people are more likely to solve the candle problem if

Ali works for Citrus Squeeze,a company that makes orange juice.Sales of their calcium-enhanced OJ have been poor,and the product was cancelled.His factory still had three cases of cartons,and Ali was told he could take them if he wanted them.With the cartons,Ali made several birdfeeders for his backyard and also planted tree seedlings in some of them;he used the remaining ones to build a "fort" for his four-year-old son.Ali's use of the cartons represents

When the process of analogical problem solving was applied to the fortress and radiation problems,which of the following represented the mapping step of this process?

Kaplan and Simon's experiment presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem.The main purpose of their experiment was to demonstrate that

Intermediate states can be created by

Gestalt psychologists consider problem solving as a process involving

Expertsthan novices.

Which of the following is not part of a complete definition of a problem?