Exam 13: Processes of Evolution

Heterozygotes for the sickle cell trait have an adaptive advantage in areas where malaria is prevalent. This is an example of ____.

Overhunting of species, such as tigers, reduces their numbers and their genetic diversity. This is an example of _____.

____ occurs when a change in chromosome number takes place in a single generation.

____ selection occurs when individuals choose mates with a particular desirable trait.

Any change in allele frequencies in a gene pool is called ____.

Over evolutionary time, flowering plants have evolved colors, odors, and nectar that attract pollinating insects, and the insects have evolved mechanisms that detect the changes in plants and to better collect pollen. This is an example of ____.

What is the best definition of a population?

The use of phylogeny to determine evolutionary relationships has practical applications in ____.

Which is an example of macroevolution?

In the 16th century, a Spanish ship explored a Pacific Island that had a small mountain range separating it. Mice that were on the ship escaped onto the island on both sides of the mountain range. After decades of separation,  the two populations developed different numbers of chromosomes, resulting in reproductive isolation that prevented any future interbreeding. This speciation event is an example of ____.

Puppies born too large experience difficulties during birthing and tend to have respiratory and other problems. Puppies born too small often can't compete with their siblings for their mother's milk. Thus, puppies of intermediate size have a survival advantage. This is an example of ____ selection.

An allele's abundance within a population is referred to as ____ frequency.

The Old Order Amish in Lancaster County is descended from one man and woman and has an unusually high frequency of a recessive allele that causes Ellis-van Creveld syndrome. This is an example of ____.

In the case of the cichlid fish in Lake Victoria, ____ was the driving force of speciation.

Traits with more than two distinct forms are ____.

What is the original source of new alleles?

In the work that they do, scientists who study phylogeny are most like a ____.

The preference of female cichlid fish for brightly colored blue or red males in Lake Victoria provides an example of ____.

With the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago, multiple niches that the dinosaurs once filled opened up and allowed mammals the opportunity to evolve and exploit those niches. This is an example of ____.