Question 1

The identification phase of action research is designed to identify people who should assist in setting the direction of the organization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

What is "planned change" as compared with other types of change?

Accepted Answer

Planned change refers to intentional, goal-oriented change efforts that are designed to improve the current state of an organization, system, or situation. It is a deliberate process of diagnosing problems, identifying objectives, and implementing interventions with the aim of achieving a desired outcome. This type of change is often systematic and follows a structured approach, such as Lewin's Change Management Model, which includes the stages of unfreezing, changing, and refreezing.

Planned change contrasts with other types of change, such as emergent change or unplanned change. Emergent change arises spontaneously from within the organization and is not the result of a structured planning process. It evolves organically as individuals and groups within the organization adapt to internal and external pressures. Unplanned change, on the other hand, is often the result of external forces or unexpected events that necessitate a reactive response, such as natural disasters, economic downturns, or sudden shifts in market conditions.

The key differences between planned change and other types of change include:

1. Intentionality: Planned change is intentional and purposeful, while emergent and unplanned changes are often reactive or arise spontaneously.

2. Process: Planned change follows a systematic process with clear steps and stages, whereas emergent change is more fluid and unplanned change is often ad hoc.

3. Control: Planned change is typically managed and controlled by leaders or change agents within the organization. In contrast, emergent change is less controllable and unplanned change is often beyond the organization's control.

4. Predictability: Planned change attempts to predict outcomes and manage risks, while emergent and unplanned changes are less predictable and can lead to unforeseen consequences.

5. Timeframe: Planned change can be scheduled and implemented over a set period, while emergent change unfolds over time and unplanned change requires immediate attention.

Understanding the nature of planned change is crucial for leaders and managers as it enables them to guide their organizations through transitions in a strategic and thoughtful manner, minimizing disruption and maximizing the chances of successful outcomes.

Question 3

The Action Research Model focuses on

Accepted Answer

A)  planned change as a cyclical process 
B)  heavy diagnosis prior to acting, planning, and implementation 
C)  reporting new data from previous research 
D)  A and B 
E)  A and C 
A)  planned change as a cyclical process 
B)  heavy diagnosis prior to acting, planning, and implementation 
C)  reporting new data from previous research 
D)  A and B 
E)  A and C D

Question 4

Which theory of planned change serves as the foundation for appreciative inquiry (AI)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lewin's Change Model 
B)  Action Research Model 
C)  The Positive Model 
D)  all of the above 
A)  Lewin's Change Model 
B)  Action Research Model 
C)  The Positive Model 
D)  all of the above

Question 5

Compare and contrast Lewin's change model, the action research model, and the positive model. Describe their strengths and weaknesses.

Accepted Answer

Lewin's change model, the action researc

Question 6

The three sequential steps in Lewin's change model are

Accepted Answer

A)  freezing, movement, changing 
B)  unfreezing, movement, refreezing 
C)  unfreezing, refraining, refreezing 
D)  changing, movement, freezing 
A)  freezing, movement, changing 
B)  unfreezing, movement, refreezing 
C)  unfreezing, refraining, refreezing 
D)  changing, movement, freezing

Question 7

Two adaptations of action research are increased participant involvement and a greater appreciative approach to OD.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Contemporary applications of action research emphasize

Accepted Answer

A)  data gathering and analysis 
B)  consultation with a behavioral scientist 
C)  an increased degree of member involvement 
D)  problem(s) identification 
A)  data gathering and analysis 
B)  consultation with a behavioral scientist 
C)  an increased degree of member involvement 
D)  problem(s) identification

Question 9

When an action researcher is dealing with an organization that is under organized, the steps in the change process are

Accepted Answer

A)  identification, feedback, action, evaluation 
B)  definition, convention, action, evaluation 
C)  identification, convention, organization, evaluation 
D)  identification, action, convention, evaluation. 
A)  identification, feedback, action, evaluation 
B)  definition, convention, action, evaluation 
C)  identification, convention, organization, evaluation 
D)  identification, action, convention, evaluation.

Question 10

The same steps in the action research model should be applied regardless of whether the organization is under-organized or over-organized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In under-organized organizations, the consultant attempts to "tighten up" the governance system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What problems associated with planned change should the OD practitioner be aware of? How might such problems be overcome?

Accepted Answer

The OD practitioner should be aware of s

Question 13

In Lewin's model of change, change is brought about by:

Accepted Answer

A)  modifying forces maintaining the status quo 
B)  increasing forces for change 
C)  providing laboratory training 
D)  A and B 
E)  A and C 
A)  modifying forces maintaining the status quo 
B)  increasing forces for change 
C)  providing laboratory training 
D)  A and B 
E)  A and C

Question 14

Change strategies are often modified on the basis of continued diagnosis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Describe the framework of the general model of planned change. Include a discussion of each activity and a typical sequence of events.

Accepted Answer

The general model of planned change is a

Question 16

According to Lewin, the best way to manage change is to increase the forces for change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which activity is not part of the general model of planned change?

Accepted Answer

A)  interviews and action planning 
B)  entering and contracting 
C)  diagnosis 
D)  planning and implementing 
E)  evaluating and institutionalizing change 
A)  interviews and action planning 
B)  entering and contracting 
C)  diagnosis 
D)  planning and implementing 
E)  evaluating and institutionalizing change

Question 18

OD efforts are focused to deal with both planned and employee retention.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The general model of planned change describes the way OD efforts always proceed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Quantum changes may drastically alters an organization's strategic direction and but not develops its capacity to solve problems, achieve high performance, or improve QWL.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: The Nature of Planned Change

The identification phase of action research is designed to identify people who should assist in setting the direction of the organization.

What is "planned change" as compared with other types of change?

The Action Research Model focuses on

Which theory of planned change serves as the foundation for appreciative inquiry (AI)?

Compare and contrast Lewin's change model, the action research model, and the positive model. Describe their strengths and weaknesses.

The three sequential steps in Lewin's change model are

Two adaptations of action research are increased participant involvement and a greater appreciative approach to OD.

Contemporary applications of action research emphasize

When an action researcher is dealing with an organization that is under organized, the steps in the change process are

The same steps in the action research model should be applied regardless of whether the organization is under-organized or over-organized.

In under-organized organizations, the consultant attempts to "tighten up" the governance system.

What problems associated with planned change should the OD practitioner be aware of? How might such problems be overcome?

In Lewin's model of change, change is brought about by:

Change strategies are often modified on the basis of continued diagnosis.

Describe the framework of the general model of planned change. Include a discussion of each activity and a typical sequence of events.

According to Lewin, the best way to manage change is to increase the forces for change.

Which activity is not part of the general model of planned change?

OD efforts are focused to deal with both planned and employee retention.

The general model of planned change describes the way OD efforts always proceed.

Quantum changes may drastically alters an organization's strategic direction and but not develops its capacity to solve problems, achieve high performance, or improve QWL.

General Introduction to Organization Development

The Organization Development Practitioner

Entering and Contracting

Diagnosing Organizations

Multiple Choice Questions

Collecting and Analyzing Diagnostic Information

Feeding Back Diagnostic Information

Designing Interventions

Leading and Managing Change

Evaluating and Institutionalizing Organizational Development Interventions

Interpersonal and Group Process Approaches

Organization Process Approaches

Restructuring Organizations

Employee Involvement

Multiple Choice Questions

Performance Management

Developing Talent

Managing Workforce Diversity and Wellness

Transformational Change

Continuous Change

Transorganizational Change

Organization Development in Global Settings

Organization in Nonindustrial Settings: Health Care, School Systems, the Public Sector, and Family-Owned Businesses

Future Directions in Organization Development

Filters