Exam 6: Experimental Research: Predicting Causes and Effects

A researcher who is conducting a three-year longitudinal study of communication among international students in US colleges should be most concerned about the:

To reduce participants' reactions to the experimental situation while still maintaining control over manipulation of the independent variable you might use

A key threat to external validity is:

Experimental control refers to

Use the following example to answer the questions below: A researcher wishes to measure the effects of membership status (New, Transitional, Veteran) in an organization, and participation in an orientation communication skills workshop (participated/did not participate) on organizational identification (measured with a Likert-type scale).

A three-way ANOVA analysis is used when

Laboratory experiments maximize internal validity sometimes at the expense of

In your experiment, you are also testing the effects of gender on social media use. Gender would be considered

An ethical concern with using deceptive practices in experiments is that

People who participate in an experiment, but whose behaviors are dictated by the researcher, unbeknownst to other participants, are called:

In experimental research design, the term "factors" refers to

A researcher who hypothesizes that employee status (long-term vs. short-term) rather than employee sex will significantly affect organizational commitment is predicting a(n):

A researcher hypothesizes a sex difference in communication satisfaction. How many groups will be measured for the independent variable?

When constructing causal arguments, researchers must ensure that that the manipulation of the independent variable occurs before the change in the dependent variable. This criterion is known as

A researcher who finds that males have significantly higher levels of arousal watching horror films in the presence of the opposite sex (vs. watching alone) while females have no change in arousal levels with or without opposite sex companions has found a(n):

A control group differs from the treatment group in that

What test is used to ascertain that the participants in a study regarded the independent variable in the way(s) that the researcher intended?

When you test hypotheses through observations of the dependent variable in order to determine a conclusion you are using which type of reasoning?

In your experiment, you expose the same group of college students to images of cars in magazine ads once a month for four months. You tested the effects of the images by measuring their perceptions of the cars each time. Your research design incorporated

Explain how researchers attempt to control for internal and external validity in their research designs. Discuss potential ethical concerns with their attempts to control for validity.