Question 1

Fungi often live in symbiotic relationships with plant roots. What specific nutrient do they help supply that will help a plant that produces fruits?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen needed for amino acids and nucleic acids 
B)  phosphorus needed for producing flowers 
C)  calcium needed for proper gravitropic response 
D)  sodium and potassium for bud production 
A)  nitrogen needed for amino acids and nucleic acids 
B)  phosphorus needed for producing flowers 
C)  calcium needed for proper gravitropic response 
D)  sodium and potassium for bud production

Question 2

Why must a pathogen attach itself to target tissues in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  without attachment, the pathogen may be washed away by body fluids such as tears, urine and sweat 
B)  so it can begin the toxin and enzyme secretion that causes host damage 
C)  to prevent antibody attack 
D)  pathogen attachment encourages binary fission 
A)  without attachment, the pathogen may be washed away by body fluids such as tears, urine and sweat 
B)  so it can begin the toxin and enzyme secretion that causes host damage 
C)  to prevent antibody attack 
D)  pathogen attachment encourages binary fission

Question 3

The majority of prokaryotic microbes have ________. (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  internal structures that lack membranes 
B)  a plasma cell membrane 
C)  a nucleus 
D)  a protein coat 
A)  internal structures that lack membranes 
B)  a plasma cell membrane 
C)  a nucleus 
D)  a protein coat

Question 4

What factors must be controlled in order to promote microbial growth in the lab? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  optimal food resources according to what the microbe prefers 
B)  pH levels 
C)  ideal temperature 
D)  oxygen requirements 
A)  optimal food resources according to what the microbe prefers 
B)  pH levels 
C)  ideal temperature 
D)  oxygen requirements

Question 5

Which of the following statements BEST describes the symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium and leguminous plants such as peanuts?

Accepted Answer

A)  It serves as basis for crop rotation every five years. 
B)  Rhizobium receives nitrogen from plant roots. 
C)  Leguminous plants receive a usable form of carbohydrate. 
D)  Rhizobium creates a usable form of nitrogen that is absorbed via plant roots while it receives sugar in return. 
A)  It serves as basis for crop rotation every five years. 
B)  Rhizobium receives nitrogen from plant roots. 
C)  Leguminous plants receive a usable form of carbohydrate. 
D)  Rhizobium creates a usable form of nitrogen that is absorbed via plant roots while it receives sugar in return.

Question 6

Most recent outbreaks due to the consumption of non-pasteurized milk are caused by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia coli 
B)  Salmonella typhimurium 
C)  Clostridium difficile 
D)  Campylobacter jejuni 
A)  Escherichia coli 
B)  Salmonella typhimurium 
C)  Clostridium difficile 
D)  Campylobacter jejuni

Question 7

How are hospitalized patients protected from HAIs or nosocomial infections? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  Hand washing 
B)  MRSA screening of patients 
C)  Daily disinfection of frequently touched surfaces 
D)  Isolation of immune-compromised patients 
A)  Hand washing 
B)  MRSA screening of patients 
C)  Daily disinfection of frequently touched surfaces 
D)  Isolation of immune-compromised patients

Question 8

When a patient is determined to have an infection, the physician's next step is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  prescribe an antibiotic 
B)  collect a patient specimen and send to the lab for culture 
C)  quarantine the patient 
D)  apply an antiseptic 
A)  prescribe an antibiotic 
B)  collect a patient specimen and send to the lab for culture 
C)  quarantine the patient 
D)  apply an antiseptic

Question 9

Hand washing is the Number #1 way to prevent the spread of pathogens from host to host. What is the correct order of the steps in this process?
1) Wetting hands and lathering with soap while rubbing hands and arms
2) Clean knuckles and use them to scrub inside of palm
3) Scrubbing tops of hands being sure to wash between fingers
4) Rinse with clean water and dry thoroughly.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 3, 2, and 4 
B)  1, 2, 3, and 4 
C)  2, 1, 3, and 4 
D)  2, 3, 1 and 4 
A)  1, 3, 2, and 4 
B)  1, 2, 3, and 4 
C)  2, 1, 3, and 4 
D)  2, 3, 1 and 4

Question 10

How are health care workers protected from patient pathogens? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  use of personal protective equipment (PP
E)  
B)  use of universal precautions when dealing with body fluids 
C)  hand washing 
D)  taking prophylactic antibiotics 
A)  use of personal protective equipment (PP
E)  
B)  use of universal precautions when dealing with body fluids 
C)  hand washing 
D)  taking prophylactic antibiotics

Question 11

Based on epidemiological data in your text, what infectious disease process is the #1 killer of humans worldwide each year?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diarrheal disease 
B)  Lower respiratory disease 
C)  HIV 
D)  Malaria 
A)  Diarrheal disease 
B)  Lower respiratory disease 
C)  HIV 
D)  Malaria

Question 12

What EID was responsible for the significant increase in mortality due to pneumonia in the winter of 2019-2020?

Accepted Answer

A)  Novel H1N1 influenza 
B)  COVID-19 
C)  MERS 
D)  XDR-tuberculosis 
A)  Novel H1N1 influenza 
B)  COVID-19 
C)  MERS 
D)  XDR-tuberculosis

Question 13

The size of a single cell of Staphylococcus aureus is approximately ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 nm 
B)  1 μm 
C)  10 μm 
D)  1 mm 
A)  1 nm 
B)  1 μm 
C)  10 μm 
D)  1 mm

Question 14

Which is the correct order of the five basic steps of pathogenesis?
1-thwarting immune defenses
2-pathogen attachment
3-host damage
4-pathogen entry
5-pathogen exit

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
B)  4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
C)  2, 4, 1, 3, 5 
D)  5, 4, 3, 2, 1 
A)  1, 2, 3, 4, 5 
B)  4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
C)  2, 4, 1, 3, 5 
D)  5, 4, 3, 2, 1

Question 15

True immunity results from ________. (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  innate immune responses 
B)  adaptive immune responses 
C)  inflammation 
D)  vaccination 
A)  innate immune responses 
B)  adaptive immune responses 
C)  inflammation 
D)  vaccination

Question 16

How does MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry help a patient with an acute infection? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  The procedure can identify pathogens in 1 hour versus 24-28 hours using conventional lab methods. 
B)  It produces a patient sample spectrum that is compared to other spectra stored in an existing instrument database for very accurate pathogen identification. 
C)  It can identify pathogens using a number of microbial colonies growing on a plate. 
D)  Preparation time for this procedure is only 1 minute compared to the 10+ minutes needed to use other microbial analyzers. 
A)  The procedure can identify pathogens in 1 hour versus 24-28 hours using conventional lab methods. 
B)  It produces a patient sample spectrum that is compared to other spectra stored in an existing instrument database for very accurate pathogen identification. 
C)  It can identify pathogens using a number of microbial colonies growing on a plate. 
D)  Preparation time for this procedure is only 1 minute compared to the 10+ minutes needed to use other microbial analyzers.

Question 17

Plasmids are ________. (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  large loops of DNA containing the genes essential for life 
B)  the structural units of the plasma membrane 
C)  small circles of DNA containing accessory genes 
D)  essential for bacterial survival 
A)  large loops of DNA containing the genes essential for life 
B)  the structural units of the plasma membrane 
C)  small circles of DNA containing accessory genes 
D)  essential for bacterial survival

Question 18

What is the first step in diagnosing and treating a disease caused by a pathogenic microbe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accurate identification of the pathogen 
B)  Diagnosis of the infectious disease 
C)  Testing of appropriate antibiotics against the patient specimen 
D)  DNA analysis of the pathogen's genotype 
A)  Accurate identification of the pathogen 
B)  Diagnosis of the infectious disease 
C)  Testing of appropriate antibiotics against the patient specimen 
D)  DNA analysis of the pathogen's genotype

Question 19

Microbial bioremediation of pollutants was used to help cleanup what recent environmental disaster?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deepwater Horizon crude oil spill in Gulf of Mexico. 
B)  Contamination of river water with Vibrio cholerae in Haiti following the earthquakes. 
C)  Exxon Valdez crude oil spill in Antarctica. 
D)  Contamination of drinking water in Flint, Michigan. 
A)  Deepwater Horizon crude oil spill in Gulf of Mexico. 
B)  Contamination of river water with Vibrio cholerae in Haiti following the earthquakes. 
C)  Exxon Valdez crude oil spill in Antarctica. 
D)  Contamination of drinking water in Flint, Michigan.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the use of toxic chemicals to control microbial growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Disinfectants are used to clean living tissues. 
B)  Antiseptics are used to clean inanimate objects. 
C)  Antiseptics are milder than disinfectants. 
D)  Contact athletes are encouraged to shower with disinfectant to prevent transmission of skin pathogens from an opponent. 
A)  Disinfectants are used to clean living tissues. 
B)  Antiseptics are used to clean inanimate objects. 
C)  Antiseptics are milder than disinfectants. 
D)  Contact athletes are encouraged to shower with disinfectant to prevent transmission of skin pathogens from an opponent.

Exam 1: Microbial World

Fungi often live in symbiotic relationships with plant roots. What specific nutrient do they help supply that will help a plant that produces fruits?

Why must a pathogen attach itself to target tissues in the body?

The majority of prokaryotic microbes have ________. (Select all that apply)

What factors must be controlled in order to promote microbial growth in the lab? (Select all that apply)

Which of the following statements BEST describes the symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium and leguminous plants such as peanuts?

Most recent outbreaks due to the consumption of non-pasteurized milk are caused by ________.

How are hospitalized patients protected from HAIs or nosocomial infections? (Select all that apply)

When a patient is determined to have an infection, the physician's next step is to ________.

How are health care workers protected from patient pathogens? (Select all that apply)

Based on epidemiological data in your text, what infectious disease process is the #1 killer of humans worldwide each year?

What EID was responsible for the significant increase in mortality due to pneumonia in the winter of 2019-2020?

The size of a single cell of Staphylococcus aureus is approximately ________.

Which is the correct order of the five basic steps of pathogenesis? 1-thwarting immune defenses 2-pathogen attachment 3-host damage 4-pathogen entry 5-pathogen exit

True immunity results from ________. (Select all that apply)

How does MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry help a patient with an acute infection? (Select all that apply)

Plasmids are ________. (Select all that apply)

What is the first step in diagnosing and treating a disease caused by a pathogenic microbe?

Microbial bioremediation of pollutants was used to help cleanup what recent environmental disaster?

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the use of toxic chemicals to control microbial growth?

An Introduction to the Chemical Basis of Life

The Biochemistry of Macromolecules

Microscopy

Prokaryote Organisms

Eukaryotic Cells

Eukaryotic Organisms

Viruses and Infectious Particles

Metabolism

Microbial Genetics and Genetic Engineering

Microbial Growth and Control

Antimicrobial Agents

Innate Immunity

Adaptive Immunity

Vaccination, Immunoassays, and Immune Disorders

Microbial Pathogenesis

Epidemiology and Infection Control

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes

Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System

Diseases of the Urogenital System

Diseases of the Nervous System

Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Environmental and Industrial Microbiology

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