Question 1

Wixted (2005) has argued that new memories can produce forgetting of old memories if ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the new memories engage the same neural circuit as the old memory even if the old memory is not fully consolidated 
B)  the new memories engage the same neural circuit as the old memory and if the old memory is not fully consolidated 
C)  the new memories are more loaded with positive emotions 
D)  the old memories are traumatic 
A)  the new memories engage the same neural circuit as the old memory even if the old memory is not fully consolidated 
B)  the new memories engage the same neural circuit as the old memory and if the old memory is not fully consolidated 
C)  the new memories are more loaded with positive emotions 
D)  the old memories are traumatic

Question 2

What is the function of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, the emerging role of this mechanism and its historical relevance?

Accepted Answer

The function of adult hippocampal neurog

Question 3

Memory-trace consolidation occurs when the memory ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is reactivated with the help of therapy or hypnosis 
B)  is reactivated through wakeful retrieval or during sleep 
C)  is resting during periods of different activities 
D)  is resting through wakeful retrieval or during sleep 
A)  is reactivated with the help of therapy or hypnosis 
B)  is reactivated through wakeful retrieval or during sleep 
C)  is resting during periods of different activities 
D)  is resting through wakeful retrieval or during sleep

Question 4

The relationship between neurogenesis and infantile amnesia is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  low rates of neurogenesis in infants may explain infantile amnesia 
B)  neurogenesis can be blocked therapeutically to promote amnesia of traumas 
C)  high rates of neurogenesis in infants may explain infantile amnesia 
D)  nothing 
A)  low rates of neurogenesis in infants may explain infantile amnesia 
B)  neurogenesis can be blocked therapeutically to promote amnesia of traumas 
C)  high rates of neurogenesis in infants may explain infantile amnesia 
D)  nothing

Question 5

Animals with explicit memory systems are faced with an adaptive problem: their survival can benefit from memory, but they have no way of knowing ahead of time what elements of an event will be useful later and what elements can be ignored. Explain and discuss this dilemma. How has it been solved in evolution?

Accepted Answer

Animals with explicit memory systems are

Question 6

Schacter's (2002) sins of commission include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  absent-mindedness 
B)  transience 
C)  misattribution 
D)  blocking 
A)  absent-mindedness 
B)  transience 
C)  misattribution 
D)  blocking

Question 7

According to Müller and Pilzecker's theory of forgetting, "perseveration" will be less effective following ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a strenuous physical effort 
B)  sleep 
C)  inactivity than following activities that demand cognitive resources 
D)  activities that demand cognitive resources than following inactivity 
A)  a strenuous physical effort 
B)  sleep 
C)  inactivity than following activities that demand cognitive resources 
D)  activities that demand cognitive resources than following inactivity

Question 8

What strategies might individuals use if they are motivated to forget an incident in order to save themselves the emotional pain that comes with recalling them?

Accepted Answer

There are several ways that people can i

Question 9

Promiscuous encoding is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a form of encoding in which memories are highly corrupted by interference 
B)  encoding every event that is experienced so that decisions about what information is useful and what can be discarded can be made later 
C)  encoding all the rewarding, positive events that are experienced to facilitate their consolidation 
D)  a form of encoding in which some memories are suppressed due to their traumatic content 
A)  a form of encoding in which memories are highly corrupted by interference 
B)  encoding every event that is experienced so that decisions about what information is useful and what can be discarded can be made later 
C)  encoding all the rewarding, positive events that are experienced to facilitate their consolidation 
D)  a form of encoding in which some memories are suppressed due to their traumatic content

Question 10

For almost one hundred years, interference was thought to be the main source of forgetting of consolidated memories, but currently evidence has accumulated that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurogenesis-dependent decay and molecular decay lead to the forgetting of generic memories in the neocortex 
B)  neurogenesis-dependent decay and molecular decay lead to the forgetting of episodic memories in the hippocampus 
C)  neuronal death lead to the forgetting of episodic memories in the neocortex 
D)  neuronal death lead to the forgetting of generic memories in the neocortex 
A)  neurogenesis-dependent decay and molecular decay lead to the forgetting of generic memories in the neocortex 
B)  neurogenesis-dependent decay and molecular decay lead to the forgetting of episodic memories in the hippocampus 
C)  neuronal death lead to the forgetting of episodic memories in the neocortex 
D)  neuronal death lead to the forgetting of generic memories in the neocortex

Question 11

Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885) discovered _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  the forgetting curve 
D)  practice interference 
A)  classical conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  the forgetting curve 
D)  practice interference

Question 12

________ involves retrieving a target from memory based on a cue that does not contain the target, whereas ________ involves retrieving a target from a cue that includes the target.

Accepted Answer

A)  Recognition; recall 
B)  Recall; recognition 
C)  Retention; recollection 
D)  Recollection; retention 
A)  Recognition; recall 
B)  Recall; recognition 
C)  Retention; recollection 
D)  Recollection; retention

Question 13

McGeoch's (1932) three-factor theory of forgetting does not include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  permanency 
B)  set 
C)  response competition 
D)  altered stimulus conditions 
A)  permanency 
B)  set 
C)  response competition 
D)  altered stimulus conditions

Question 14

What are the two possible mechanisms for decay in the hippocampus? How does this differ from neocortical representations?

Accepted Answer

There are two possible mechanisms for de

Question 15

A cost of promiscuous encoding is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  if left unchecked, the memory system would be overwhelmed very quickly 
B)  organisms cannot adapt to changes in their environment 
C)  useful memories are quickly removed 
D)  there is no way to eliminate unnecessary memories 
A)  if left unchecked, the memory system would be overwhelmed very quickly 
B)  organisms cannot adapt to changes in their environment 
C)  useful memories are quickly removed 
D)  there is no way to eliminate unnecessary memories

Question 16

Rats are altricial rodents, meaning they have brief gestation periods and are born relatively helpless, while guinea pigs, on the other hand, are precocial rodents, meaning they have a longer gestation period and are born with the ability to see and walk. Why are these observations important to explain infantile amnesia?

Accepted Answer

Rats are altricial rodents, meaning they

Question 17

What is McGeoch's (1932) three-factor theory of forgetting? Describe in detail and discuss the implications of the theory.

Accepted Answer

John McGeoch (1932) used the results fro

Question 18

What are proactive and retroactive interference? How have these concepts been studied in the lab?

Accepted Answer

Proactive interference is a reduction in

Question 19

The use of "nonsense syllables" first proposed by Ebbinghaus is important in experimental psychology because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  they are short 
B)  they avoid uncontrolled cues 
C)  they are difficult to remember 
D)  they do not require complex equipment 
A)  they are short 
B)  they avoid uncontrolled cues 
C)  they are difficult to remember 
D)  they do not require complex equipment

Question 20

The essential role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  triggering interference 
B)  helping with forgetting 
C)  creating false memories 
D)  brain repair after trauma 
A)  triggering interference 
B)  helping with forgetting 
C)  creating false memories 
D)  brain repair after trauma

Wixted (2005) has argued that new memories can produce forgetting of old memories if ________.

What is the function of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, the emerging role of this mechanism and its historical relevance?

Memory-trace consolidation occurs when the memory ________.

The relationship between neurogenesis and infantile amnesia is ________.

Schacter's (2002) sins of commission include ________.

According to Müller and Pilzecker's theory of forgetting, "perseveration" will be less effective following ________.

What strategies might individuals use if they are motivated to forget an incident in order to save themselves the emotional pain that comes with recalling them?

Promiscuous encoding is ________.

For almost one hundred years, interference was thought to be the main source of forgetting of consolidated memories, but currently evidence has accumulated that ________.

Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885) discovered _______.

involves retrieving a target from memory based on a cue that does not contain the target, whereas involves retrieving a target from a cue that includes the target.

McGeoch's (1932) three-factor theory of forgetting does not include ________.

What are the two possible mechanisms for decay in the hippocampus? How does this differ from neocortical representations?

A cost of promiscuous encoding is ________.

What is McGeoch's (1932) three-factor theory of forgetting? Describe in detail and discuss the implications of the theory.

What are proactive and retroactive interference? How have these concepts been studied in the lab?

The use of "nonsense syllables" first proposed by Ebbinghaus is important in experimental psychology because ________.

The essential role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis is ________.

The Study of Memory

Sensory Persistence and Information Persistence

Short-Term Memory and Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Explicit and Implicit Memory

Episodic Memory and Autobiographical Memory

Generic Memory

Memory Across the Lifespan

Memory and Our Social Selves

Memory and the Law

Memory and the Marketplace

Memory, the Body, and Health

Exceptional Memory, Mnemonics, and Expertise

Filters

Exam 8: Forgetting

Wixted (2005) has argued that new memories can produce forgetting of old memories if ________.

What is the function of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, the emerging role of this mechanism and its historical relevance?

Memory-trace consolidation occurs when the memory ________.

The relationship between neurogenesis and infantile amnesia is ________.

Schacter's (2002) sins of commission include ________.

According to Müller and Pilzecker's theory of forgetting, "perseveration" will be less effective following ________.

What strategies might individuals use if they are motivated to forget an incident in order to save themselves the emotional pain that comes with recalling them?

Promiscuous encoding is ________.

For almost one hundred years, interference was thought to be the main source of forgetting of consolidated memories, but currently evidence has accumulated that ________.

Hermann Ebbinghaus (1885) discovered _______.

________ involves retrieving a target from memory based on a cue that does not contain the target, whereas ________ involves retrieving a target from a cue that includes the target.

McGeoch's (1932) three-factor theory of forgetting does not include ________.

What are the two possible mechanisms for decay in the hippocampus? How does this differ from neocortical representations?

A cost of promiscuous encoding is ________.

What is McGeoch's (1932) three-factor theory of forgetting? Describe in detail and discuss the implications of the theory.

What are proactive and retroactive interference? How have these concepts been studied in the lab?

The use of "nonsense syllables" first proposed by Ebbinghaus is important in experimental psychology because ________.

The essential role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis is ________.

The Study of Memory

Sensory Persistence and Information Persistence

Short-Term Memory and Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Explicit and Implicit Memory

Episodic Memory and Autobiographical Memory

Generic Memory

Memory Across the Lifespan

Memory and Our Social Selves

Memory and the Law

Memory and the Marketplace

Memory, the Body, and Health

Exceptional Memory, Mnemonics, and Expertise

Filters

involves retrieving a target from memory based on a cue that does not contain the target, whereas involves retrieving a target from a cue that includes the target.