Question 1

When the temperature of the outside air exceeds their internal body temperature,jackrabbits living in hot,arid lands will

Accepted Answer

A) dilate the blood vessels in their large ears to transfer more body heat to the environment. 
B) constrict the blood vessels in their large ears to reduce transfer of external heat to the blood in their ears. 
C) increase motor movements to find a sunny area to maximize heat transfer into their bodies. 
D) increase pigmentation in their ears, darkening them to maximize their capacity to take up heat. 
E) begin involuntary shivering of their skeletal muscles in order to generate more metabolic heat. 
A) dilate the blood vessels in their large ears to transfer more body heat to the environment. 
B) constrict the blood vessels in their large ears to reduce transfer of external heat to the blood in their ears. 
C) increase motor movements to find a sunny area to maximize heat transfer into their bodies. 
D) increase pigmentation in their ears, darkening them to maximize their capacity to take up heat. 
E) begin involuntary shivering of their skeletal muscles in order to generate more metabolic heat.

Question 2

Food moves along the digestive tract as the result of contractions by

Accepted Answer

A) cardiac muscle. 
B) smooth muscle. 
C) voluntary muscle. 
D) striated muscle. 
E) skeletal muscle. 
A) cardiac muscle. 
B) smooth muscle. 
C) voluntary muscle. 
D) striated muscle. 
E) skeletal muscle.

Question 3

A woman standing and watching the stars on a cool,calm night will lose most of her body heat by which process?

Accepted Answer

A) radiation 
B) convection 
C) conduction 
D) evaporation 
E) acclimatization 
A) radiation 
B) convection 
C) conduction 
D) evaporation 
E) acclimatization

Question 4

Seasonal changes in snake activity are due to the fact that the snake

Accepted Answer

A) is less active in winter because the food supply is decreased. 
B) is less active in winter because it does not need to avoid predators. 
C) is more active in summer because that is the period for mating. 
D) is more active in summer because it can gain body heat by conduction. 
E) is more active in summer as a result of being disturbed by other animals. 
A) is less active in winter because the food supply is decreased. 
B) is less active in winter because it does not need to avoid predators. 
C) is more active in summer because that is the period for mating. 
D) is more active in summer because it can gain body heat by conduction. 
E) is more active in summer as a result of being disturbed by other animals.

Question 5

Which of the following is indicative of connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

A) little space between the membranes of adjacent cells 
B) the ability to transmit electrochemical impulses 
C) the ability to shorten upon stimulation 
D) relatively few cells and a large amount of extracellular matrix 
E) the ability to act as a barrier against fluid loss 
A) little space between the membranes of adjacent cells 
B) the ability to transmit electrochemical impulses 
C) the ability to shorten upon stimulation 
D) relatively few cells and a large amount of extracellular matrix 
E) the ability to act as a barrier against fluid loss

Question 6

In a typical nerve cell,the nucleus is found in the

Accepted Answer

A) cell body. 
B) synaptic terminals. 
C) axonal region. 
D) dendritic region. 
E) synapse. 
A) cell body. 
B) synaptic terminals. 
C) axonal region. 
D) dendritic region. 
E) synapse.

Question 7

Multicellular organisms must keep their cells awash in an "internal pond" because

Accepted Answer

A) their membranes will crystallize if not in contact with interstitial fluid. 
B) an aqueous medium is needed for the cellular exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes. 
C) this prevents the loss of water due to osmosis. 
D) their cells need to be protected from dissolved nitrogen gas in the blood. 
E) terrestrial organisms have not adapted to life in dry environments. 
A) their membranes will crystallize if not in contact with interstitial fluid. 
B) an aqueous medium is needed for the cellular exchange of nutrients, gases, and wastes. 
C) this prevents the loss of water due to osmosis. 
D) their cells need to be protected from dissolved nitrogen gas in the blood. 
E) terrestrial organisms have not adapted to life in dry environments.

Question 8

Blood is best classified as connective tissue because

Accepted Answer

A) its cells are separated from each other by an extracellular matrix. 
B) it contains more than one type of cell. 
C) it is contained in vessels that "connect" different parts of an organism's body. 
D) its cells can move from place to place. 
E) it is found within all the organs of the body. 
A) its cells are separated from each other by an extracellular matrix. 
B) it contains more than one type of cell. 
C) it is contained in vessels that "connect" different parts of an organism's body. 
D) its cells can move from place to place. 
E) it is found within all the organs of the body.

Question 9

Use the following information to answer the next few questions.
You just bought a freshwater tropical fish for your new aquarium.Once you arrive home,you fill the aquarium with cold,dechlorinated water and plug in the filter and heater.You immediately release the fish from his bag of warm water into the cold water of the aquarium and give him some food.After one hour,you notice the fish has lost its vibrant colouration and isn't swimming very much.After a few hours,you find the fish dead.
-The fish likely died because

Accepted Answer

A) the fish was not given an adaptation period to adjust to the different water temperature. 
B) the fish was not given an acclimation period to adjust to the different water temperature. 
C) the fish lost too much heat via evaporation to the surrounding water. 
D) the fish was not given an acclimatization period to adjust to the different water temperature. 
E) the fish was endothermic. 
A) the fish was not given an adaptation period to adjust to the different water temperature. 
B) the fish was not given an acclimation period to adjust to the different water temperature. 
C) the fish lost too much heat via evaporation to the surrounding water. 
D) the fish was not given an acclimatization period to adjust to the different water temperature. 
E) the fish was endothermic.

Question 10

Evolutionary adaptations that help diverse animals directly exchange matter between cells and the environment include

Accepted Answer

A) a gastrovascular activity, a two-layered body, and a torpedo-like body shape. 
B) an external respiratory surface, a small body size, and a two-cell-layered body. 
C) a large body volume; a long, tubular body; and a set of wings. 
D) complex internal structures, a small body size, and a large surface area. 
E) an unbranched internal surface, a small body size, and thick covering. 
A) a gastrovascular activity, a two-layered body, and a torpedo-like body shape. 
B) an external respiratory surface, a small body size, and a two-cell-layered body. 
C) a large body volume; a long, tubular body; and a set of wings. 
D) complex internal structures, a small body size, and a large surface area. 
E) an unbranched internal surface, a small body size, and thick covering.

Question 11

An example of effectors' roles in homeostatic responses is observable when

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in body temperature results from involuntary shivering. 
B) an increase in body temperature results from exercise. 
C) the rising sun causes an increase in body temperature in a stationary animal. 
D) an increase in body temperature results from fever. 
E) a decrease in body temperature results from shock. 
A) an increase in body temperature results from involuntary shivering. 
B) an increase in body temperature results from exercise. 
C) the rising sun causes an increase in body temperature in a stationary animal. 
D) an increase in body temperature results from fever. 
E) a decrease in body temperature results from shock.

Question 12

-Examine the figure above.Near a goose's abdomen,the countercurrent arrangement of the arterial and venous blood vessels causes

Accepted Answer

A) the temperature difference between the contents of the two sets of vessels to be minimized. 
B) the venous blood to be as cold near the abdomen as it is near the feet. 
C) the blood in the feet to be as warm as the blood in the abdomen. 
D) the temperature at the abdomen to be less than the temperature at the feet. 
E) the loss of the maximum possible amount of heat to the environment. 
A) the temperature difference between the contents of the two sets of vessels to be minimized. 
B) the venous blood to be as cold near the abdomen as it is near the feet. 
C) the blood in the feet to be as warm as the blood in the abdomen. 
D) the temperature at the abdomen to be less than the temperature at the feet. 
E) the loss of the maximum possible amount of heat to the environment.

Question 13

Humans can lose,but cannot gain,heat through the process of

Accepted Answer

A) conduction. 
B) convection. 
C) radiation. 
D) evaporation. 
E) metabolism. 
A) conduction. 
B) convection. 
C) radiation. 
D) evaporation. 
E) metabolism.

Question 14

Penguins,seals,and tuna have body forms that permit rapid swimming,because

Accepted Answer

A) all share a common ancestor at some point in the past. 
B) all of their bodies have been compressed since birth by intensive underwater pressures. 
C) flying, pregnancy, and gill-breathing all require similar adaptations in form. 
D) the shape is a convergent evolutionary solution to the need to reduce drag while swimming. 
E) this is the only shape that will allow them to maintain a constant body temperature in water. 
A) all share a common ancestor at some point in the past. 
B) all of their bodies have been compressed since birth by intensive underwater pressures. 
C) flying, pregnancy, and gill-breathing all require similar adaptations in form. 
D) the shape is a convergent evolutionary solution to the need to reduce drag while swimming. 
E) this is the only shape that will allow them to maintain a constant body temperature in water.

Question 15

An overheated and sick dog in a hot environment will have an impaired thermoregulatory response when its

Accepted Answer

A) evaporative heat loss increases. 
B) metabolic heat production decreases. 
C) body temperature increases to match the environmental temperature. 
D) blood vessels near its skin increase vasoconstriction. 
E) behavioural response takes it to a cooler location. 
A) evaporative heat loss increases. 
B) metabolic heat production decreases. 
C) body temperature increases to match the environmental temperature. 
D) blood vessels near its skin increase vasoconstriction. 
E) behavioural response takes it to a cooler location.

Question 16

To prepare flight muscles for use on a cool morning,hawkmouth moths

Accepted Answer

A) relax the muscles completely until after they launch themselves into the air. 
B) decrease their standard metabolic rate. 
C) rapidly contract and relax these muscles to generate metabolic warmth. 
D) walk to shaded areas to avoid direct sunlight. 
E) reduce the metabolic rate of the muscles to rest them before flight. 
A) relax the muscles completely until after they launch themselves into the air. 
B) decrease their standard metabolic rate. 
C) rapidly contract and relax these muscles to generate metabolic warmth. 
D) walk to shaded areas to avoid direct sunlight. 
E) reduce the metabolic rate of the muscles to rest them before flight.

Question 17

An exchange surface in direct contact with the external environment is found in the

Accepted Answer

A) lungs. 
B) skeletal muscles. 
C) liver. 
D) heart. 
E) brain. 
A) lungs. 
B) skeletal muscles. 
C) liver. 
D) heart. 
E) brain.

Question 18

If you gently twist your earlobe,it does not remain distorted because it contains

Accepted Answer

A) collagenous fibres. 
B) elastic fibres. 
C) reticular fibres. 
D) adipose tissue. 
E) loose connective tissue. 
A) collagenous fibres. 
B) elastic fibres. 
C) reticular fibres. 
D) adipose tissue. 
E) loose connective tissue.

Exam 40: Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

When the temperature of the outside air exceeds their internal body temperature,jackrabbits living in hot,arid lands will

Food moves along the digestive tract as the result of contractions by

A woman standing and watching the stars on a cool,calm night will lose most of her body heat by which process?

Seasonal changes in snake activity are due to the fact that the snake

Which of the following is indicative of connective tissue?

In a typical nerve cell,the nucleus is found in the

Multicellular organisms must keep their cells awash in an "internal pond" because

Blood is best classified as connective tissue because

Evolutionary adaptations that help diverse animals directly exchange matter between cells and the environment include

An example of effectors' roles in homeostatic responses is observable when

-Examine the figure above.Near a goose's abdomen,the countercurrent arrangement of the arterial and venous blood vessels causes

Humans can lose,but cannot gain,heat through the process of

Penguins,seals,and tuna have body forms that permit rapid swimming,because

An overheated and sick dog in a hot environment will have an impaired thermoregulatory response when its

To prepare flight muscles for use on a cool morning,hawkmouth moths

An exchange surface in direct contact with the external environment is found in the

If you gently twist your earlobe,it does not remain distorted because it contains

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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