Exam 3: Structure and Function of Cells

If a cell has a higher concentration of solutes than its surrounding environment, its tonicity is ________ in relation to the extracellular environment.

Microtubules and microfilaments compose the ________, which forms an internal network of support for the cell.

The net diffusion of water across a plasma membrane is known as ________.

Bulk movement of water across plasma membranes and the exchange of oxygen from blood into cells are similar in that the method of transport is by

In experiments with HeLa cells, you discover that a new chemical agent blocks cell growth by inhibiting protein synthesis. Describe where in the cell the drug is most likely having an effect.

Plasma membranes become less fluid when ________ is present.

In the cell, proteins that are synthesized for immediate use by the cell are normally produced

Which type of microscope provides tremendous (100,000-fold) magnification and enables viewing of fine internal structural details of cells?

Which one of the following steps in the breakdown of glucose can occur without oxygen?

Glycolysis can occur in the presence or absence of oxygen.

During a triathlon, many individuals reach a point in which their muscles are in oxygen debt, a state characterized by low or no oxygen available for cellular respiration. Describe how oxygen debt would impact energy production in these athletes.

Intracellular structures surrounded by membranes, such as the nucleus, mitochondria, lysosomes, and endoplasmic reticulum, are referred to as ________.

At the end of the electron transport system, oxygen combines with electrons and hydrogen ions to form ________, a waste product.

-The figure above illustrates the process of ________, which requires a(n) ________ between two regions in a fluid.

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding active transport?

Which one of the following stages in the catabolism of glucose involves the splitting of glucose into two three-carbon molecules?

Glycolysis occurs in the ________ of a cell.

The role of cilia on cells is to anchor cells by attaching them to other cells.

Cells surrounded by plasma membranes and no cell wall need to maintain a certain cell volume because an influx of water would cause the cell to explode. In order to reduce cell volume, these cells increase the activity of their sodium-potassium pumps.

If a red blood cell, or any other type of human cell, is placed in a hypertonic solution, water enters the cell, causing it to swell and eventually burst.