Question 1

Insufficient production of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary may result in

Accepted Answer

A)  diabetes insipidus 
B)  a drop in blood glucose levels 
C)  acromegaly 
D)  dwarfism 
E)  gigantism 
A)  diabetes insipidus 
B)  a drop in blood glucose levels 
C)  acromegaly 
D)  dwarfism 
E)  gigantism

Question 2

An individual, driving through his neighborhood, suddenly jams on his car brakes to avoid hitting a child who runs into the road after a ball. A few seconds later, the driver finds that he is shaking and his heart is pounding. This is primarily due to the secretion of which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  epinephrine from the adrenal medulla 
B)  cortisol from the adrenal cortex 
C)  insulin from the pancreas 
D)  thyroxine from the thyroid 
E)  norepinephrine from the adrenal cortex 
A)  epinephrine from the adrenal medulla 
B)  cortisol from the adrenal cortex 
C)  insulin from the pancreas 
D)  thyroxine from the thyroid 
E)  norepinephrine from the adrenal cortex

Question 3

Releasing and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus are carried to the anterior pituitary gland by the ________.

Accepted Answer

pituitary

Question 4

The endocrine cells of the pancreas are located in small groupings throughout the organ known as the ________.

Accepted Answer

islets of

Question 5

The following is a list of events involved in the activation of a cell by a steroid hormone. Which one of the following answers best represents the order in which the steps occur? 1. cellular response to the hormone
2) activation of a gene
3) formation of a hormone-receptor complex
4) diffusion of the hormone through a target cell membrane
5) production of a protein

Accepted Answer

A)  4, 3, 2, 5, 1 
B)  2, 5, 4, 3, 1 
C)  5, 3, 4, 1, 2 
D)  2, 5, 1, 3, 4 
E)  4, 3, 2, 1, 5 
A)  4, 3, 2, 5, 1 
B)  2, 5, 4, 3, 1 
C)  5, 3, 4, 1, 2 
D)  2, 5, 1, 3, 4 
E)  4, 3, 2, 1, 5

Question 6

The anterior pituitary gland produces all of the following EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  ACTH 
B)  LH 
C)  PRL 
D)  TSH 
E)  ADH 
A)  ACTH 
B)  LH 
C)  PRL 
D)  TSH 
E)  ADH

Question 7

Using the figure above, identify each endocrine gland (A-G).
-ovaries

Accepted Answer

The answer of   
Using the figure above, identify...

Question 8

Using the figure above, identify each endocrine gland (A-G).
-thyroid gland

Accepted Answer

The answer of   
Using the figure above, identify...

Question 9

Epinephrine and norepinephrine secreted by the adrenal gland enhance the response of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Using the figure above, identify each endocrine gland (A-G).
-pituitary

Accepted Answer

The answer of   
Using the figure above, identify...

Question 11

The pineal gland secretes ________, also known as the "hormone of darkness."

Accepted Answer

The answer of The pineal gland secretes ________, also known...

Question 12

Prednisone is a glucocorticoid hormone that is sometimes prescribed to treat rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and severe allergic reactions. If prednisone were taken for several weeks, which one of the following might occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Production of natural cortisol may decrease. 
B)  Production of estrogen by the ovaries may decrease. 
C)  Levels of thyroid hormone may be elevated. 
D)  Levels of aldosterone may be elevated. 
E)  Levels of parathyroid hormone may be decreased. 
A)  Production of natural cortisol may decrease. 
B)  Production of estrogen by the ovaries may decrease. 
C)  Levels of thyroid hormone may be elevated. 
D)  Levels of aldosterone may be elevated. 
E)  Levels of parathyroid hormone may be decreased.

Question 13

Hormones act upon specific target tissues because

Accepted Answer

A)  they interact only with target cells at a synapse 
B)  they are released next to target tissues, so they cannot interact with other cells 
C)  target tissues display the appropriate receptor for a particular hormone 
D)  they can be released only following depolarization of the target cell 
E)  the blood has access to all body tissues 
A)  they interact only with target cells at a synapse 
B)  they are released next to target tissues, so they cannot interact with other cells 
C)  target tissues display the appropriate receptor for a particular hormone 
D)  they can be released only following depolarization of the target cell 
E)  the blood has access to all body tissues

Question 14

The action of nonsteroid hormones often results in conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP, which then functions

Accepted Answer

A)  as an internal receptor for steroid hormones 
B)  as an enzyme in the generation of ATP 
C)  to initiate a cascade of enzyme activations 
D)  to stimulate the release of the original hormone from the cell surface receptor 
E)  as a secondary hormone released into the bloodstream 
A)  as an internal receptor for steroid hormones 
B)  as an enzyme in the generation of ATP 
C)  to initiate a cascade of enzyme activations 
D)  to stimulate the release of the original hormone from the cell surface receptor 
E)  as a secondary hormone released into the bloodstream

Question 15

Although most of the estrogen and testosterone produced in the human body is made by the ovaries and testes, respectively, small amounts of these hormones are also produced by the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although most of the estrogen and testosterone...

Question 16

Diabetes type ________ occurs when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Diabetes type ________ occurs when the pancreas...

Question 17

Which two endocrine glands exert the most control over blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid and ovaries 
B)  adrenal cortex and thyroid 
C)  anterior pituitary and adrenal cortex 
D)  thyroid and parathyroid 
E)  parathyroid and anterior pituitary 
A)  thyroid and ovaries 
B)  adrenal cortex and thyroid 
C)  anterior pituitary and adrenal cortex 
D)  thyroid and parathyroid 
E)  parathyroid and anterior pituitary

Question 18

Lymphocytes mature into T cells within the ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lymphocytes mature into T cells within the...

Question 19

Insulin helps regulate blood sugar at homeostatic levels by

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating alpha cells of the pancreas to produce more hormones 
B)  promoting the entry of glucose into cells 
C)  stimulating the breakdown of glycogen to glucose 
D)  activating hormone production in the posterior pituitary gland 
E)  promoting the breakdown of fat 
A)  stimulating alpha cells of the pancreas to produce more hormones 
B)  promoting the entry of glucose into cells 
C)  stimulating the breakdown of glycogen to glucose 
D)  activating hormone production in the posterior pituitary gland 
E)  promoting the breakdown of fat

Question 20

Cortisol is a glucocorticoid that helps maintain blood glucose levels during fasting by

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulating the synthesis of fatty acids 
B)  promoting the conversion of amino acids into proteins in muscle tissues 
C)  increasing the glucose-dependent inflammatory response 
D)  promoting fat utilization 
E)  inhibiting glucose utilization in muscle cells 
A)  stimulating the synthesis of fatty acids 
B)  promoting the conversion of amino acids into proteins in muscle tissues 
C)  increasing the glucose-dependent inflammatory response 
D)  promoting fat utilization 
E)  inhibiting glucose utilization in muscle cells

Exam 13: The Endocrine System

Insufficient production of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary may result in

An individual, driving through his neighborhood, suddenly jams on his car brakes to avoid hitting a child who runs into the road after a ball. A few seconds later, the driver finds that he is shaking and his heart is pounding. This is primarily due to the secretion of which one of the following?

Releasing and inhibiting hormones from the hypothalamus are carried to the anterior pituitary gland by the ________.

The endocrine cells of the pancreas are located in small groupings throughout the organ known as the ________.

The anterior pituitary gland produces all of the following EXCEPT which one?

Using the figure above, identify each endocrine gland (A-G). -ovaries

Using the figure above, identify each endocrine gland (A-G). -thyroid gland

Epinephrine and norepinephrine secreted by the adrenal gland enhance the response of the parasympathetic nervous system.

Using the figure above, identify each endocrine gland (A-G). -pituitary

The pineal gland secretes ________, also known as the "hormone of darkness."

Prednisone is a glucocorticoid hormone that is sometimes prescribed to treat rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and severe allergic reactions. If prednisone were taken for several weeks, which one of the following might occur?

Hormones act upon specific target tissues because

The action of nonsteroid hormones often results in conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP, which then functions

Although most of the estrogen and testosterone produced in the human body is made by the ovaries and testes, respectively, small amounts of these hormones are also produced by the ________.

Diabetes type ________ occurs when the pancreas cannot produce enough insulin.

Which two endocrine glands exert the most control over blood calcium levels?

Lymphocytes mature into T cells within the ________.

Insulin helps regulate blood sugar at homeostatic levels by

Cortisol is a glucocorticoid that helps maintain blood glucose levels during fasting by

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