Exam 7: Reading

Peripheral dyslexias involve what level(s) of processes?

Phonological dyslexia arises through impairments to representations at the phonological level, rather than to grapheme-phoneme conversion. This is called the:

Which of the following is a measure of how easy it is to generate things to say about a word, or predicates, and is closely related to the richness of the underlying semantic representation?

The type of dyslexia in which patients can process words up to their semantic representations, but then have difficulty producing the appropriate phonological output, is known as:

Slowly reducing discrepancies between desired outputs and actual outputs from networks by changing the weights on the connections is an algorithm called:

Reading and speech involve three types of code, connected with feedback connections: orthographic, meaning, and phonological. According to which model is there is no route involving grapheme-phoneme correspondence rules?

Disorders of reading are called:

Which of the following models proposes that we pronounce nonwords and new words by comparing them with other words; when a word (or nonword) is presented, it activates its neighbors, and these all influence its pronunciation?

According to the text, which route is used for reading nonwords, carries out what is called phonological recoding, and does not involve lexical access at all?

Patients with which type of dyslexia have a selective impairment in the ability to read irregular words, and often make over-regularization errors when trying to read irregular words aloud, yet their ability to read regular words and nonwords is intact?

According to the three-stage model of sublexical processing, which stage assigns phonemes to graphemes?

Consider how we pronounce the word "beef": the graphemes map onto phonemes in a regular way; you need no special knowledge about the word to know how to pronounce it. Words like this are said to have:

The name given to pronounceable nonwords that sound like words when pronounced is:

Different languages use different principles to translate words into sounds; languages such as English use the:

When a word is read and is mistaken for another word that has a similar visual appearance, such as reading "perform" as "perfume," this is called:

Which of the following is a computational model (based on the dual-route model) that states that as soon as there is any activation at the letter level, the activation is passed on to the word level, making immediate use of all levels of spelling-sound correspondence?

Increasing reading speed above about 350 words a minute:

Patients who have great difficulty in reading nonwords, considerable difficulty in reading grammatical function words, make visual and derivational errors, semantic reading errors or semantic paralexias, and produce words related in meaning to the target instead of the target, have:

A standard grapheme-phoneme conversion mechanism is supplemented with a ________________, which makes use of information about correspondences between orthographic and phonological rimes.

Which model claims that words can be read through a direct lexical route, or through a sublexical route (in adult skilled readers the lexical route is usually faster)?