Question 1

Define cultural diversity and contrast homogeneous societies with heterogeneous societies.

Accepted Answer

Cultural diversity refers to the wide range of cultural differences found between and within nations. Cultural diversity between countries may be the result of natural circumstances (such as climate and geography) or social circumstances (such as level of technology and composition of the population). Some nations (such as Sweden) are referred to as homogeneous societies, meaning that they include people who share a common culture and who are typically from similar social, religious, political, and economic backgrounds. By contrast, other nations (such as the United States) are referred to as heterogeneous societies, meaning that they include people who are dissimilar in regard to social characteristics such as religion, income, or race/ethnicity.

Question 2

As you are rushing from one class to the next, you absentmindedly forget to hold the door open for the person coming through behind you. The consequence is that the person has the door slammed in their face. Which of the following cultural components has been violated as a result of your behavior?

Accepted Answer

A) taboo 
B) folkway 
C) sanction 
D) mores 
A) taboo 
B) folkway 
C) sanction 
D) mores B

Question 3

When Winston Churchill held up his index and middle fingers in the shape of a "V," this gesture implied victory in battle; the same gesture, displayed by demonstrators during the Vietnam war, implied "peace." Both of these gestures exemplify

Accepted Answer

A) symbols. 
B) technology. 
C) language. 
D) values. 
A) symbols. 
B) technology. 
C) language. 
D) values. A

Question 4

According to sociologist William Ogburn, cultural diffusion occurs when material cultural changes faster than nonmaterial culture, thus creating a gap between the two cultural components.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Summarize how societies continually experience cultural change at both material and nonmaterial levels.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Summarize how societies continually experience cultural change...

Question 6

__________ is the disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures radically different from their own and believe they cannot depend on their own taken-for-granted assumption about life.

Accepted Answer

A) Culture shock 
B) Societal disbelief 
C) National shame 
D) Group anomie 
A) Culture shock 
B) Societal disbelief 
C) National shame 
D) Group anomie

Question 7

__________ are rewards for appropriate behavior or penalties for inappropriate behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) Folkways 
B) Mores 
C) Sanctions 
D) Taboos 
A) Folkways 
B) Mores 
C) Sanctions 
D) Taboos

Question 8

In the United States, __________ include using underarm deodorant, brushing our teeth, and wearing appropriate clothing for a specific occasion.

Accepted Answer

A) formal norms 
B) folkways 
C) mores 
D) laws 
A) formal norms 
B) folkways 
C) mores 
D) laws

Question 9

__________ is the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human group or society.

Accepted Answer

A) Technology 
B) Society 
C) Culture 
D) Social organization 
A) Technology 
B) Society 
C) Culture 
D) Social organization

Question 10

All parts of culture do not change at the same pace. Sociologist William Ogburn referred to this disparity as __________, which is the gap between the technical development of a society and the development of its moral and legal institutions.

Accepted Answer

A) cultural leveling 
B) cultural division 
C) cultural lag 
D) cultural diffusion 
A) cultural leveling 
B) cultural division 
C) cultural lag 
D) cultural diffusion

Question 11

__________ are values that conflict with one another or are mutually exclusive (achieving one makes it difficult, if not impossible, to achieve another).

Accepted Answer

A) Material contradictions 
B) Morality contradictions 
C) Value contradictions 
D) Nonmaterial contradictions 
A) Material contradictions 
B) Morality contradictions 
C) Value contradictions 
D) Nonmaterial contradictions

Question 12

__________ perspectives are based on the assumption that social life is a continuous struggle in which members of powerful groups seek to control scarce resources. In addition, values and norms help create and sustain the privileged position of the powerful in society while excluding others.

Accepted Answer

A) Postmodern 
B) Conflict 
C) Symbolic interactionist 
D) Functionalist 
A) Postmodern 
B) Conflict 
C) Symbolic interactionist 
D) Functionalist

Question 13

Language, beliefs, values, rules of behavior, family patterns, and political systems are examples of __________.

Accepted Answer

A) nonmaterial culture 
B) symbolic culture 
C) material culture 
D) cultural universals 
A) nonmaterial culture 
B) symbolic culture 
C) material culture 
D) cultural universals

Question 14

According to Daisy Kabagarama, there are a number of ways in which communication across cultures can be improved. Discuss.

Accepted Answer

Kabagarama suggests five techniques:
(1)

Question 15

__________ refers to the wide range of cultural differences found between and within nations. It may be the result of natural circumstances (climate and geography) or social circumstances (level of technology and composition of the population).

Accepted Answer

A) Cultural relativism 
B) Cultural diversity 
C) Cultural diffusion 
D) Cultural transformation 
A) Cultural relativism 
B) Cultural diversity 
C) Cultural diffusion 
D) Cultural transformation

Question 16

__________ deals with public safety and well-being. When these types of law are violated, fines and prison sentences are the most likely negative sanctions, although in some states the death penalty is handed down for certain major offenses.

Accepted Answer

A) Informal law 
B) Civil law 
C) Formal law 
D) Criminal law 
A) Informal law 
B) Civil law 
C) Formal law 
D) Criminal law

Question 17

A strength of the __________ on culture is its focus on the needs of society and the fact that stability is essential for society's continued survival. A shortcoming is its overemphasis on harmony and cooperation.

Accepted Answer

A) conflict perspective 
B) symbolic interactionist perspective 
C) postmodern perspective 
D) functionalist perspective 
A) conflict perspective 
B) symbolic interactionist perspective 
C) postmodern perspective 
D) functionalist perspective

Question 18

Discuss why culture is so significant to our personal identities.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss why culture is so significant to...

Question 19

__________ deals with disputes among persons or groups. Persons who lose these types of lawsuits may encounter negative sanctions such as having to pay compensation to the other party or being ordered to stop certain conduct.

Accepted Answer

A) Civil law 
B) Formal law 
C) Criminal law 
D) Informal law 
A) Civil law 
B) Formal law 
C) Criminal law 
D) Informal law

Question 20

According to sociologists, __________ is the belief that the behaviors and customs of any society must be viewed and analyzed by the culture's own standards.

Accepted Answer

A) cultural xenocentrism 
B) authoritarianism 
C) cultural relativism 
D) reverse ethnocentrism 
A) cultural xenocentrism 
B) authoritarianism 
C) cultural relativism 
D) reverse ethnocentrism

Define cultural diversity and contrast homogeneous societies with heterogeneous societies.

As you are rushing from one class to the next, you absentmindedly forget to hold the door open for the person coming through behind you. The consequence is that the person has the door slammed in their face. Which of the following cultural components has been violated as a result of your behavior?

When Winston Churchill held up his index and middle fingers in the shape of a "V," this gesture implied victory in battle; the same gesture, displayed by demonstrators during the Vietnam war, implied "peace." Both of these gestures exemplify

According to sociologist William Ogburn, cultural diffusion occurs when material cultural changes faster than nonmaterial culture, thus creating a gap between the two cultural components.

Summarize how societies continually experience cultural change at both material and nonmaterial levels.

__________ is the disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures radically different from their own and believe they cannot depend on their own taken-for-granted assumption about life.

__________ are rewards for appropriate behavior or penalties for inappropriate behavior.

In the United States, __________ include using underarm deodorant, brushing our teeth, and wearing appropriate clothing for a specific occasion.

__________ is the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human group or society.

All parts of culture do not change at the same pace. Sociologist William Ogburn referred to this disparity as __________, which is the gap between the technical development of a society and the development of its moral and legal institutions.

__________ are values that conflict with one another or are mutually exclusive (achieving one makes it difficult, if not impossible, to achieve another).

__________ perspectives are based on the assumption that social life is a continuous struggle in which members of powerful groups seek to control scarce resources. In addition, values and norms help create and sustain the privileged position of the powerful in society while excluding others.

Language, beliefs, values, rules of behavior, family patterns, and political systems are examples of __________.

According to Daisy Kabagarama, there are a number of ways in which communication across cultures can be improved. Discuss.

__________ refers to the wide range of cultural differences found between and within nations. It may be the result of natural circumstances (climate and geography) or social circumstances (level of technology and composition of the population).

__________ deals with public safety and well-being. When these types of law are violated, fines and prison sentences are the most likely negative sanctions, although in some states the death penalty is handed down for certain major offenses.

A strength of the __________ on culture is its focus on the needs of society and the fact that stability is essential for society's continued survival. A shortcoming is its overemphasis on harmony and cooperation.

Discuss why culture is so significant to our personal identities.

__________ deals with disputes among persons or groups. Persons who lose these types of lawsuits may encounter negative sanctions such as having to pay compensation to the other party or being ordered to stop certain conduct.

According to sociologists, __________ is the belief that the behaviors and customs of any society must be viewed and analyzed by the culture's own standards.

The Sociological Perspective and Research Process.

Socialization.

Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life.

Groups and Organizations.

Deviance and Crime.

Class and Stratification in the United States.

Global Stratification.

Race and Ethnicity.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Families and Intimate Relationships.

Education and Religion.

Politics and the Economy in Global Perspective.

Health, Health Care, and Disability.

Population and Urbanization.

Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change.

Filters

Exam 2: Culture.

Define cultural diversity and contrast homogeneous societies with heterogeneous societies.

As you are rushing from one class to the next, you absentmindedly forget to hold the door open for the person coming through behind you. The consequence is that the person has the door slammed in their face. Which of the following cultural components has been violated as a result of your behavior?

When Winston Churchill held up his index and middle fingers in the shape of a "V," this gesture implied victory in battle; the same gesture, displayed by demonstrators during the Vietnam war, implied "peace." Both of these gestures exemplify

According to sociologist William Ogburn, cultural diffusion occurs when material cultural changes faster than nonmaterial culture, thus creating a gap between the two cultural components.

Summarize how societies continually experience cultural change at both material and nonmaterial levels.

__________ is the disorientation that people feel when they encounter cultures radically different from their own and believe they cannot depend on their own taken-for-granted assumption about life.

__________ are rewards for appropriate behavior or penalties for inappropriate behavior.

In the United States, __________ include using underarm deodorant, brushing our teeth, and wearing appropriate clothing for a specific occasion.

__________ is the knowledge, language, values, customs, and material objects that are passed from person to person and from one generation to the next in a human group or society.

All parts of culture do not change at the same pace. Sociologist William Ogburn referred to this disparity as __________, which is the gap between the technical development of a society and the development of its moral and legal institutions.

__________ are values that conflict with one another or are mutually exclusive (achieving one makes it difficult, if not impossible, to achieve another).

__________ perspectives are based on the assumption that social life is a continuous struggle in which members of powerful groups seek to control scarce resources. In addition, values and norms help create and sustain the privileged position of the powerful in society while excluding others.

Language, beliefs, values, rules of behavior, family patterns, and political systems are examples of __________.

According to Daisy Kabagarama, there are a number of ways in which communication across cultures can be improved. Discuss.

__________ refers to the wide range of cultural differences found between and within nations. It may be the result of natural circumstances (climate and geography) or social circumstances (level of technology and composition of the population).

__________ deals with public safety and well-being. When these types of law are violated, fines and prison sentences are the most likely negative sanctions, although in some states the death penalty is handed down for certain major offenses.

A strength of the __________ on culture is its focus on the needs of society and the fact that stability is essential for society's continued survival. A shortcoming is its overemphasis on harmony and cooperation.

Discuss why culture is so significant to our personal identities.

__________ deals with disputes among persons or groups. Persons who lose these types of lawsuits may encounter negative sanctions such as having to pay compensation to the other party or being ordered to stop certain conduct.

According to sociologists, __________ is the belief that the behaviors and customs of any society must be viewed and analyzed by the culture's own standards.

The Sociological Perspective and Research Process.

Socialization.

Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life.

Groups and Organizations.

Deviance and Crime.

Class and Stratification in the United States.

Global Stratification.

Race and Ethnicity.

Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

Families and Intimate Relationships.

Education and Religion.

Politics and the Economy in Global Perspective.

Health, Health Care, and Disability.

Population and Urbanization.

Collective Behavior, Social Movements, and Social Change.

Filters