Chat with AIExam 8: Global Stratification.
Most low-income countries in Africa and South America are core nations that are dependent on peripheral nations for capital, have little or no industrialization, and have uneven patterns of urbanization.
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Discuss the issue of migration of people from one poor country to another. Do their efforts make a difference in their economic status? Will this kind of migration continue in the future?
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Answered by Examlex AI CopilotThe issue of migration from one poor country to another is a complex and multifaceted one. People often migrate from their home countries in search of better economic opportunities, improved living conditions, and a chance for a better future for themselves and their families. However, the impact of this kind of migration on their economic status is not always straightforward.
On one hand, migrating to another poor country may not necessarily lead to a significant improvement in economic status. The new country may also be facing similar economic challenges, and migrants may continue to struggle to make ends meet. Additionally, they may face discrimination, exploitation, and lack of access to basic services and rights in their new environment.
On the other hand, some migrants may find success and improve their economic status through hard work, determination, and access to new opportunities in their new country. They may be able to find better-paying jobs, access to education and healthcare, and a chance to build a better future for themselves and their families.
The future of this kind of migration is difficult to predict. As long as there are economic disparities between countries, people will continue to seek better opportunities elsewhere. However, factors such as changing immigration policies, global economic trends, and geopolitical shifts may impact the flow of migrants in the future.
Ultimately, the issue of migration from one poor country to another is a reflection of the broader global economic and social inequalities. While some individuals may find success and improve their economic status through migration, many others may continue to face challenges and barriers. Addressing the root causes of poverty and inequality, both within and between countries, is essential to creating a more equitable and just world for all.
Low-income economies are primarily found in countries in __________, where half of the world's population resides.
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__________ are nations with industrializing economies, particularly in urban areas, and moderate levels of national and personal income.
(32) As a result of the 1992 U.N. Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro, terms such as underdevelopment have largely been dropped in favor of measurements such as sustainable development, and economies are now classified by their __________.
(31) In 1990, the United Nations introduced the __________, establishing three new criteria, in addition to the gross domestic product, for measuring the level of advancement in a country: life expectancy, education, and living standards.
(34) According to the __________, poorer nations are trapped in a cycle of structural reliance on the richer nations due to their need for infusions of foreign capital and external markets for their raw materials, making it impossible for the poorer nations to pursue their own economic and human development.
(32) Low-income countries typically have higher rates of illness and disease, and they do not have adequate health care facilities. __________ is a common problem among children, many of whom are underweight, stunted, and have anemia.
(38) In relation to classification of economies by income, describe low-income economies.
(32) The World Bank uses as its measure of income inequality what is known as the __________, which ranges from zero (meaning that everyone has the same income) to 100 (meaning that one person receives all the income).
(24) In 1960, the highest-income 20 percent of the world's population received $30 for each dollar received by the lowest-income 20 percent of the world's population. By 2000, the disparity had __________.
(31) Today, the World Bank focuses on three development themes: people, the environment, and the economy.
(27) The new international division of labor theory states that the poorer nations are trapped in a cycle of structural dependency on the richer nations due to their need for infusions of foreign capital and external markets for their raw materials.
(33) In relation to theories of global inequality, discuss the dependency theory.
(38) The average life expectancy at birth of people in middle-income countries remains about ________ years less than that of people in high-income countries.
(31) According to social scientists, absolute poverty exists when people may be able to afford basic necessities but are still unable to maintain an average standard of living; it is measured by comparing the actual income against the income earner's expectations and perceptions.
(31) The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines a _________ person as "someone who can, with understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life".
(32) In 1990 the United Nations Development Program introduced the Human Development Index (HDI), establishing three new criteria-in addition to gross domestic product (GDP) -for measuring the level of development in a country: life expectancy, health, and education.
(35) According to Walt Rostow, economic advisor to U.S. President Kennedy, all countries go through four stages of economic development. The second stage is the __________ stage, which is a period of economic growth accompanied by a growing belief in individualism, competition, and achievement.
(38) The __________ (deaths per thousand live births) is more than eight times higher in low-income countries than in high-income countries.
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