Question 1

Motherese is a

Accepted Answer

A)  language spoken only by women. 
B)  type of speech with slow, exaggerated pronunciation that parents use with babies. 
C)  simple form of language that parents teach to their children. 
D)  term used to describe the attachment bond between mother and infant. 
A)  language spoken only by women. 
B)  type of speech with slow, exaggerated pronunciation that parents use with babies. 
C)  simple form of language that parents teach to their children. 
D)  term used to describe the attachment bond between mother and infant.

Question 2

Linguists like Noam Chomsky distinguish between the specific words that are put together in a sentence, called the _______, and the meaning underlying those words, called the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  semantics; syntax 
B)  deep structure; surface structure 
C)  phonemes; morphemes 
D)  surface structure; deep structure 
A)  semantics; syntax 
B)  deep structure; surface structure 
C)  phonemes; morphemes 
D)  surface structure; deep structure

Question 3

The cocktail party effect describes a phenomenon in which

Accepted Answer

A)  you remember details of events to which you are paying attention. 
B)  it is more likely that you will hear your name called if you are not looking at the person calling it. 
C)  you can selectively attend to a particular conversation out of the many conversations taking place. 
D)  it is easier to hear the person you are talking to when it is quieter in the room. 
A)  you remember details of events to which you are paying attention. 
B)  it is more likely that you will hear your name called if you are not looking at the person calling it. 
C)  you can selectively attend to a particular conversation out of the many conversations taking place. 
D)  it is easier to hear the person you are talking to when it is quieter in the room.

Question 4

The _______ is an example of a decision-making error in which someone fails to properly estimate the probability of a particular outcome after being given additional information.

Accepted Answer

A)  Tower of Hanoi problem 
B)  Monty Hall problem 
C)  framing effect 
D)  availability heuristic 
A)  Tower of Hanoi problem 
B)  Monty Hall problem 
C)  framing effect 
D)  availability heuristic

Question 5

The fact that people with Williams syndrome have normal verbal abilities but severe deficits in spatial reasoning suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  language is directly related to all other aspects of cognition, and we cannot master one without the other. 
B)  the human brain may be specialized to pick up languages in a way that is distinct from solving other tasks. 
C)  as concepts, intelligence and language are one in the same. 
D)  spatial skills are closely related to language skills. 
A)  language is directly related to all other aspects of cognition, and we cannot master one without the other. 
B)  the human brain may be specialized to pick up languages in a way that is distinct from solving other tasks. 
C)  as concepts, intelligence and language are one in the same. 
D)  spatial skills are closely related to language skills.

Question 6

An individual who has developed difficulty speaking but can comprehend speech by others most likely has suffered damage to _______ area in the _______ hemisphere of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)  Broca's; left 
B)  Broca's; right 
C)  Wernicke's; left 
D)  Wernicke's; right 
A)  Broca's; left 
B)  Broca's; right 
C)  Wernicke's; left 
D)  Wernicke's; right

Question 7

In terms of prototypes and concepts, an apple is to fruit as a _______ is to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  seagull; pet 
B)  pancake; breakfast food 
C)  bee; gorilla 
D)  boss; office supplies 
A)  seagull; pet 
B)  pancake; breakfast food 
C)  bee; gorilla 
D)  boss; office supplies

Question 8

The concept of inattentional blindness is illustrated when you

Accepted Answer

A)  are concentrating so hard on studying that you fail to notice your roommate leaving for class. 
B)  have slept through your alarm and missed your first class of the day. 
C)  love to watch movies over and over again to see all the subtleties you missed before. 
D)  have fallen asleep while studying because the textbook is so dull. 
A)  are concentrating so hard on studying that you fail to notice your roommate leaving for class. 
B)  have slept through your alarm and missed your first class of the day. 
C)  love to watch movies over and over again to see all the subtleties you missed before. 
D)  have fallen asleep while studying because the textbook is so dull.

Question 9

Telegraphic speech is a linguistic term used to describe

Accepted Answer

A)  the speech of bilingual adults. 
B)  a communication form in young children in which they use only a few words, or even a single word, to express an idea. 
C)  the way children repeat nonsensical sounds over and over again before they are 12 months old. 
D)  the hypothesis of linguistic relativism. 
A)  the speech of bilingual adults. 
B)  a communication form in young children in which they use only a few words, or even a single word, to express an idea. 
C)  the way children repeat nonsensical sounds over and over again before they are 12 months old. 
D)  the hypothesis of linguistic relativism.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of a person who is most likely in the associative phase of skill acquisition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bill has just learned to type and frequently misspells words. 
B)  Jane still has to look at her fingers while she types or she hits all the wrong keys. 
C)  Though Dave has improved his speed and accuracy throughout his typing course, he still makes typographical errors. 
D)  Dominique types 100 words per minute and can do so accurately while carrying on a conversation. 
A)  Bill has just learned to type and frequently misspells words. 
B)  Jane still has to look at her fingers while she types or she hits all the wrong keys. 
C)  Though Dave has improved his speed and accuracy throughout his typing course, he still makes typographical errors. 
D)  Dominique types 100 words per minute and can do so accurately while carrying on a conversation.

Question 11

Psychoanalyst C. G. Jung measured patients' _______ in word association tasks in order to study mental processing.

Accepted Answer

A)  recall accuracy 
B)  reaction time 
C)  mental imagery 
D)  insight 
A)  recall accuracy 
B)  reaction time 
C)  mental imagery 
D)  insight

Question 12

Which of the following utterances is most characteristic of a patient with Wernicke's aphasia?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Help… please!" 
B)  "Th-th-thanks." 
C)  "Hello, my name is Superman and I'm pleased to meet you." 
D)  "The dear football is dead but not dead that I'm happy that I'm not dead." 
A)  "Help… please!" 
B)  "Th-th-thanks." 
C)  "Hello, my name is Superman and I'm pleased to meet you." 
D)  "The dear football is dead but not dead that I'm happy that I'm not dead."

Question 13

The sentence "Martha hit the man with the umbrella" could be understood to mean that Martha used the umbrella to hit the man or that Martha hit the man who was holding an umbrella. Therefore, the sentence has

Accepted Answer

A)  one surface structure but no deep structure. 
B)  one surface structure and multiple deep structures. 
C)  one deep structure but no surface structure. 
D)  multiple surface structures and deep structures. 
A)  one surface structure but no deep structure. 
B)  one surface structure and multiple deep structures. 
C)  one deep structure but no surface structure. 
D)  multiple surface structures and deep structures.

Question 14

An elderly man has had a stroke, and his language is now impaired as a result. By definition, he has

Accepted Answer

A)  Parkinson's disease. 
B)  aphasia. 
C)  Williams syndrome. 
D)  dyslexia. 
A)  Parkinson's disease. 
B)  aphasia. 
C)  Williams syndrome. 
D)  dyslexia.

Question 15

Saying that language is lateralized in the brain means that

Accepted Answer

A)  language function is primarily associated with one hemisphere of the brain. 
B)  both hemispheres of the brain contribute equally to language function. 
C)  without a corpus callosum, we would not be able to use language. 
D)  only the right frontal lobe is responsible for language processing. 
A)  language function is primarily associated with one hemisphere of the brain. 
B)  both hemispheres of the brain contribute equally to language function. 
C)  without a corpus callosum, we would not be able to use language. 
D)  only the right frontal lobe is responsible for language processing.

Question 16

Imagine you have a sibling, Henry, who is two years old. When he is thirsty, he says "Henry milk." This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  babbling. 
B)  linguistic relativism. 
C)  overgeneralization. 
D)  telegraphic speech. 
A)  babbling. 
B)  linguistic relativism. 
C)  overgeneralization. 
D)  telegraphic speech.

Question 17

The term heuristic is a scientific term for a

Accepted Answer

A)  researcher bias. 
B)  carefully crafted algorithm. 
C)  rule of thumb or an educated guess. 
D)  phenomenon that can be only loosely measured. 
A)  researcher bias. 
B)  carefully crafted algorithm. 
C)  rule of thumb or an educated guess. 
D)  phenomenon that can be only loosely measured.

Question 18

Your roommate shows you a picture of a new friend, Jason. Minutes later, you meet someone named Garrett waiting in line for dinner. Next time you see Garrett, you call him Jason. You may have been influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)  change blindness. 
B)  inattentional blindness. 
C)  the anchoring effect. 
D)  the framing effect. 
A)  change blindness. 
B)  inattentional blindness. 
C)  the anchoring effect. 
D)  the framing effect.

Question 19

The Monty Hall problem is an example of a decision-making error that is due to faulty

Accepted Answer

A)  probability estimation. 
B)  causal reasoning. 
C)  framing of information. 
D)  selective memory. 
A)  probability estimation. 
B)  causal reasoning. 
C)  framing of information. 
D)  selective memory.

Question 20

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of confirmation bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  You are a proponent of gun control. You seek out news sources and stories that affirm your beliefs about gun control. 
B)  After meeting someone who, prior to the meeting, you believed to be rude, you say that you have always admired that person. 
C)  You are much less likely to accept a task at work that is difficult for you than one that is easy for you. 
D)  You prefer to solve challenging problems because you view yourself as intelligent. 
A)  You are a proponent of gun control. You seek out news sources and stories that affirm your beliefs about gun control. 
B)  After meeting someone who, prior to the meeting, you believed to be rude, you say that you have always admired that person. 
C)  You are much less likely to accept a task at work that is difficult for you than one that is easy for you. 
D)  You prefer to solve challenging problems because you view yourself as intelligent.

Motherese is a

Linguists like Noam Chomsky distinguish between the specific words that are put together in a sentence, called the _, and the meaning underlying those words, called the _.

The cocktail party effect describes a phenomenon in which

The _______ is an example of a decision-making error in which someone fails to properly estimate the probability of a particular outcome after being given additional information.

The fact that people with Williams syndrome have normal verbal abilities but severe deficits in spatial reasoning suggests that

An individual who has developed difficulty speaking but can comprehend speech by others most likely has suffered damage to _ area in the _ hemisphere of the brain.

In terms of prototypes and concepts, an apple is to fruit as a _ is to _.

The concept of inattentional blindness is illustrated when you

Telegraphic speech is a linguistic term used to describe

Which of the following is an example of a person who is most likely in the associative phase of skill acquisition?

Psychoanalyst C. G. Jung measured patients' _______ in word association tasks in order to study mental processing.

Which of the following utterances is most characteristic of a patient with Wernicke's aphasia?

The sentence "Martha hit the man with the umbrella" could be understood to mean that Martha used the umbrella to hit the man or that Martha hit the man who was holding an umbrella. Therefore, the sentence has

An elderly man has had a stroke, and his language is now impaired as a result. By definition, he has

Saying that language is lateralized in the brain means that

Imagine you have a sibling, Henry, who is two years old. When he is thirsty, he says "Henry milk." This is an example of

The term heuristic is a scientific term for a

Your roommate shows you a picture of a new friend, Jason. Minutes later, you meet someone named Garrett waiting in line for dinner. Next time you see Garrett, you call him Jason. You may have been influenced by

The Monty Hall problem is an example of a decision-making error that is due to faulty

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of confirmation bias?

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters

Exam 10: Language and Cognition

Motherese is a

Linguists like Noam Chomsky distinguish between the specific words that are put together in a sentence, called the _______, and the meaning underlying those words, called the _______.

The cocktail party effect describes a phenomenon in which

The _______ is an example of a decision-making error in which someone fails to properly estimate the probability of a particular outcome after being given additional information.

The fact that people with Williams syndrome have normal verbal abilities but severe deficits in spatial reasoning suggests that

An individual who has developed difficulty speaking but can comprehend speech by others most likely has suffered damage to _______ area in the _______ hemisphere of the brain.

In terms of prototypes and concepts, an apple is to fruit as a _______ is to _______.

The concept of inattentional blindness is illustrated when you

Telegraphic speech is a linguistic term used to describe

Which of the following is an example of a person who is most likely in the associative phase of skill acquisition?

Psychoanalyst C. G. Jung measured patients' _______ in word association tasks in order to study mental processing.

Which of the following utterances is most characteristic of a patient with Wernicke's aphasia?

The sentence "Martha hit the man with the umbrella" could be understood to mean that Martha used the umbrella to hit the man or that Martha hit the man who was holding an umbrella. Therefore, the sentence has

An elderly man has had a stroke, and his language is now impaired as a result. By definition, he has

Saying that language is lateralized in the brain means that

Imagine you have a sibling, Henry, who is two years old. When he is thirsty, he says "Henry milk." This is an example of

The term heuristic is a scientific term for a

Your roommate shows you a picture of a new friend, Jason. Minutes later, you meet someone named Garrett waiting in line for dinner. Next time you see Garrett, you call him Jason. You may have been influenced by

The Monty Hall problem is an example of a decision-making error that is due to faulty

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of confirmation bias?

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters

Linguists like Noam Chomsky distinguish between the specific words that are put together in a sentence, called the _, and the meaning underlying those words, called the _.

An individual who has developed difficulty speaking but can comprehend speech by others most likely has suffered damage to _ area in the _ hemisphere of the brain.

In terms of prototypes and concepts, an apple is to fruit as a _ is to _.