Exam 8: Attitudes and Behavior

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The text describes overeaters who believe that obesity is due to hormonal factors, smokers who attribute their behavior to addiction, and drivers who believe that being in a car wreck is a matter of fate. According to the theory of planned behavior, these people lack the personal ________ to change their behavior.

(Multiple Choice)
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Students are asked to write essays on the legalization of marijuana. Whose change in attitude should be the longest lasting?

(Multiple Choice)
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In which of the following situations will people be most likely to experience cognitive dissonance?

(Multiple Choice)
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Republican candidates are perceived to be more trustworthy-looking by Republicans than by Democrats.

(True/False)
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Studies, such as the soda taste test conducted by Karpinski et al. (2005), shows that people's _______ attitudes are good predictors of less controllable behaviors and that people's _______ attitudes are good predictors of their more deliberate behaviors.

(Multiple Choice)
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The results of the cognitive dissonance study by Festinger and Carlsmith (1959) showed that participants were most likely to recall a very boring task as actually being quite fun when:

(Multiple Choice)
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Actions are most likely to change attitudes when people have the motivation and ability to think about their situation.

(True/False)
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Which of the following is the best example of self-perception theory?

(Multiple Choice)
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The 1934 study by LaPierre in which he and a Chinese couple attempted to eat at a number of restaurants and stay at a number of hotels across the United States showed that:

(Multiple Choice)
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In a classic study of dissonance, Brehm (1956) asked women to evaluate various appliances and then gave them one to take home. What did the results show?

(Multiple Choice)
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As described in the text, our attitudes can guide our behavior without much thought. Research in this domain has shown all but which of the following?

(Multiple Choice)
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A) Briefly describe the classic cognitive dissonance study by Festinger and Carlsmith (1959) B) What are the 4 steps that must be present in order to experience cognitive dissonance? C) Explain how those 4 factors may have influenced the results of the classic cognitive dissonance study by Festinger and Carlsmith (1959) D) How did insufficient justification play a role in these findings?

(Essay)
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Compared to people who think about their present behavior, people who intend to behave in a certain way in the future are more likely to behave that way.

(True/False)
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The ________ effect is the change in behavior that occurs to reduce the dissonance caused by freely choosing to publicly advocate a behavior that one does not actually perform oneself.

(Multiple Choice)
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In which scenario will someone's actions be most likely to influence their attitudes?

(Multiple Choice)
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In the study by Freedman and Fraser (1966) in which a number of homeowners agreed to put a large ""Drive Safely"" sign in their front yard. Which of the following factors contributed to the agreement by the homeowners?

(Multiple Choice)
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Research examining the relation between culture and the experience of cognitive dissonance has shown that, when choosing between two fairly equally rated alternatives:

(Multiple Choice)
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According to research by Lieberman (1956), if a teacher would like her students to be more respectful and understanding of her role, what should she do to change their attitudes?

(Multiple Choice)
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Whose behavior is predicted to be most in line with their attitudes?

(Multiple Choice)
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According to research on effort justification, who is expected to enjoy their experience more?

(Multiple Choice)
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