Question 1

When the range of environments to which twins are exposed is restricted, heritability estimates

Accepted Answer

A)  fail to take into account that twins reared apart often live in disadvantaged adoptive and foster families. 
B)  underestimate the role of environment and overestimate the role of heredity. 
C)  overestimate the role of environment and underestimate the role of heredity. 
D)  grant an equal role to heredity and environment. . 
A)  fail to take into account that twins reared apart often live in disadvantaged adoptive and foster families. 
B)  underestimate the role of environment and overestimate the role of heredity. 
C)  overestimate the role of environment and underestimate the role of heredity. 
D)  grant an equal role to heredity and environment. .

Question 2

Describe factors that led to the development of the first intelligence tests, and explain Binet's and Simon's contribution to the intelligence testing movement.

Accepted Answer

The social and educational climate of th

Question 3

Compared to Piagetian and information-processing views, the psychometric approach

Accepted Answer

A)  is product-oriented and largely concerned with outcomes and results. 
B)  views the child as a passive processor of information rather than an active participant. 
C)  emphasizes the biological bases of cognitive development. 
D)  focuses on the child's independent efforts in advancing cognitive development through interactions with others. 
A)  is product-oriented and largely concerned with outcomes and results. 
B)  views the child as a passive processor of information rather than an active participant. 
C)  emphasizes the biological bases of cognitive development. 
D)  focuses on the child's independent efforts in advancing cognitive development through interactions with others.

Question 4

Alonzo and Rita are ethnic minority parents without extensive schooling. When they are involved in completing tasks with their children, they are most likely to prefer a(n) __________ style of communication.

Accepted Answer

A)  collaborative 
B)  hierarchical 
C)  authoritarian 
D)  uninvolved 
A)  collaborative 
B)  hierarchical 
C)  authoritarian 
D)  uninvolved

Question 5

Marita is an African-American child who was adopted into an economically well-off white family when she was a baby. Findings from several adoption studies predict that Marita will

Accepted Answer

A)  have an IQ considerably below that of white children growing up in similar families. 
B)  attain a mean IQ 20 to 30 points higher than the typical scores of children growing up in low-income black communities. 
C)  experience a 20- to 30-point drop in IQ between early childhood and adolescence. 
D)  remain below the national average in IQ throughout childhood and adolescence. 
A)  have an IQ considerably below that of white children growing up in similar families. 
B)  attain a mean IQ 20 to 30 points higher than the typical scores of children growing up in low-income black communities. 
C)  experience a 20- to 30-point drop in IQ between early childhood and adolescence. 
D)  remain below the national average in IQ throughout childhood and adolescence.

Question 6

Andre has an IQ of 115. He performed __________ than _____ percent of his agemates.

Accepted Answer

A)  better; 15 
B)  worse; 16 
C)  better; 50 
D)  better; 84 
A)  better; 15 
B)  worse; 16 
C)  better; 50 
D)  better; 84

Question 7

In comparisons of children who are the same age but in different grades,

Accepted Answer

A)  black and white children score the same when verbal, fact-oriented items are eliminated from tests. 
B)  performance on crystallized test items, but not on fluid test items, depends on prior learning opportunities. 
C)  those who play video games perform poorly on fluid test items. 
D)  those who have been in school longer score higher on intelligence tests. 
A)  black and white children score the same when verbal, fact-oriented items are eliminated from tests. 
B)  performance on crystallized test items, but not on fluid test items, depends on prior learning opportunities. 
C)  those who play video games perform poorly on fluid test items. 
D)  those who have been in school longer score higher on intelligence tests.

Question 8

According to Herrnstein and Murray's book, The Bell Curve,

Accepted Answer

A)  IQ variations are largely determined by environmental differences. 
B)  ethnic and social class differences in IQ are unfounded. 
C)  the relative role of heredity and environment in the black-white IQ gap remains unsolved. 
D)  heredity plays a sizable role in the black-white IQ gap. 
A)  IQ variations are largely determined by environmental differences. 
B)  ethnic and social class differences in IQ are unfounded. 
C)  the relative role of heredity and environment in the black-white IQ gap remains unsolved. 
D)  heredity plays a sizable role in the black-white IQ gap.

Question 9

The fluid reasoning, visual-spatial processing, and working-memory factors of the Stanford-Binet

Accepted Answer

A)  emphasize culturally loaded, fact-oriented information. 
B)  measure crystallized abilities, such as pattern analysis and matrices. 
C)  are assumed to be less culturally biased than the other factors. 
D)  are assumed to be more culturally biased than the other factors. 
A)  emphasize culturally loaded, fact-oriented information. 
B)  measure crystallized abilities, such as pattern analysis and matrices. 
C)  are assumed to be less culturally biased than the other factors. 
D)  are assumed to be more culturally biased than the other factors.

Question 10

Longitudinal research shows that by second grade, children with the highest IQs are more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  score higher in fluid intelligence than crystallized intelligence. 
B)  experience gradual but steady declines. 
C)  enter prestigious professions in adulthood. 
D)  demonstrate significant IQ fluctuations from middle childhood to late adolescence. 
A)  score higher in fluid intelligence than crystallized intelligence. 
B)  experience gradual but steady declines. 
C)  enter prestigious professions in adulthood. 
D)  demonstrate significant IQ fluctuations from middle childhood to late adolescence.

Question 11

Because most infant scores do not tap the same dimensions of intelligence assessed in older children, they are labeled __________ rather than IQs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fagan scores 
B)  aptitude scores 
C)  emotional quotients 
D)  developmental quotients 
A)  Fagan scores 
B)  aptitude scores 
C)  emotional quotients 
D)  developmental quotients

Question 12

How stable are IQ scores, and how well do they predict academic achievement, occupational attainment, and psychological adjustment?

Accepted Answer

Preschool scores predict less well than

Question 13

Gifted children and adolescents

Accepted Answer

A)  report more emotional and social difficulties than their ordinary agemates. 
B)  learn best in classes that stress knowledge acquisition above all else. 
C)  are more likely than their average-achieving peers to drop out of school and engage in antisocial behavior. 
D)  flourish in classrooms where analytical skills are emphasized over generating new ideas. 
A)  report more emotional and social difficulties than their ordinary agemates. 
B)  learn best in classes that stress knowledge acquisition above all else. 
C)  are more likely than their average-achieving peers to drop out of school and engage in antisocial behavior. 
D)  flourish in classrooms where analytical skills are emphasized over generating new ideas.

Question 14

One factor that contributes to the enduring impact of high-quality early intervention programs is an emphasis on

Accepted Answer

A)  parent responsibility for payment of services. 
B)  parent involvement, education, and support. 
C)  rote and drill of basic reading and math facts. 
D)  services for children with special needs like autism and cerebral palsy. 
A)  parent responsibility for payment of services. 
B)  parent involvement, education, and support. 
C)  rote and drill of basic reading and math facts. 
D)  services for children with special needs like autism and cerebral palsy.

Question 15

Thurstone questioned the importance of g because

Accepted Answer

A)  boys and girls performed differently on his intelligence test. 
B)  he noticed that children scored similarly on sets of similar test items. 
C)  he noticed that children high in intelligence passed and failed similar test items. 
D)  his factor analysis indicated that separate, unrelated factors exist. 
A)  boys and girls performed differently on his intelligence test. 
B)  he noticed that children scored similarly on sets of similar test items. 
C)  he noticed that children high in intelligence passed and failed similar test items. 
D)  his factor analysis indicated that separate, unrelated factors exist.

Question 16

Between 1932 and 2002, IQ

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased by a total of 14 points. 
B)  increased by a total of 22 points. 
C)  showed little fluctuation. 
D)  increased for black children and decreased for white children. 
A)  decreased by a total of 14 points. 
B)  increased by a total of 22 points. 
C)  showed little fluctuation. 
D)  increased for black children and decreased for white children.

Question 17

Sternberg's triarchic theory helps explain why

Accepted Answer

A)  out-of-school, practical forms of intelligence are vital for life success. 
B)  traditional intelligence tests often overestimate children's mental abilities. 
C)  children with severe impairments in language and communication often show remarkable numerical and spatial skills. 
D)  a lengthy process of education is required to transform inborn abilities into mature intelligence. 
A)  out-of-school, practical forms of intelligence are vital for life success. 
B)  traditional intelligence tests often overestimate children's mental abilities. 
C)  children with severe impairments in language and communication often show remarkable numerical and spatial skills. 
D)  a lengthy process of education is required to transform inborn abilities into mature intelligence.

Question 18

Misty, an African-American child, lives in a home where the adults use a topic-associating style. Misty's narratives are most likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  have little resemblance to real-life experiences. 
B)  follow a hierarchical style of communication. 
C)  recount events in consecutive order. 
D)  blend several similar experiences. 
A)  have little resemblance to real-life experiences. 
B)  follow a hierarchical style of communication. 
C)  recount events in consecutive order. 
D)  blend several similar experiences.

Question 19

Which of the following factors accelerate the Flynn effect among specific children of a given generation?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased test-taking motivation 
B)  improved education 
C)  college-educated mothers 
D)  college-educated fathers 
A)  decreased test-taking motivation 
B)  improved education 
C)  college-educated mothers 
D)  college-educated fathers

Question 20

Researchers assessing black and white community college students' familiarity with vocabulary taken from items on an intelligence test found that the

Accepted Answer

A)  blacks were not as capable as whites at learning new words. 
B)  two groups did not differ. 
C)  whites had considerably more knowledge. 
D)  blacks had considerably more knowledge. 
A)  blacks were not as capable as whites at learning new words. 
B)  two groups did not differ. 
C)  whites had considerably more knowledge. 
D)  blacks had considerably more knowledge.

When the range of environments to which twins are exposed is restricted, heritability estimates

Describe factors that led to the development of the first intelligence tests, and explain Binet's and Simon's contribution to the intelligence testing movement.

Compared to Piagetian and information-processing views, the psychometric approach

Alonzo and Rita are ethnic minority parents without extensive schooling. When they are involved in completing tasks with their children, they are most likely to prefer a(n) __________ style of communication.

Marita is an African-American child who was adopted into an economically well-off white family when she was a baby. Findings from several adoption studies predict that Marita will

Andre has an IQ of 115. He performed ______ than _ percent of his agemates.

In comparisons of children who are the same age but in different grades,

According to Herrnstein and Murray's book, The Bell Curve,

The fluid reasoning, visual-spatial processing, and working-memory factors of the Stanford-Binet

Longitudinal research shows that by second grade, children with the highest IQs are more likely to

Because most infant scores do not tap the same dimensions of intelligence assessed in older children, they are labeled __________ rather than IQs.

How stable are IQ scores, and how well do they predict academic achievement, occupational attainment, and psychological adjustment?

Gifted children and adolescents

One factor that contributes to the enduring impact of high-quality early intervention programs is an emphasis on

Thurstone questioned the importance of g because

Between 1932 and 2002, IQ

Sternberg's triarchic theory helps explain why

Misty, an African-American child, lives in a home where the adults use a topic-associating style. Misty's narratives are most likely to

Which of the following factors accelerate the Flynn effect among specific children of a given generation?

Researchers assessing black and white community college students' familiarity with vocabulary taken from items on an intelligence test found that the

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 8: Intelligence

When the range of environments to which twins are exposed is restricted, heritability estimates

Describe factors that led to the development of the first intelligence tests, and explain Binet's and Simon's contribution to the intelligence testing movement.

Compared to Piagetian and information-processing views, the psychometric approach

Alonzo and Rita are ethnic minority parents without extensive schooling. When they are involved in completing tasks with their children, they are most likely to prefer a(n) __________ style of communication.

Marita is an African-American child who was adopted into an economically well-off white family when she was a baby. Findings from several adoption studies predict that Marita will

Andre has an IQ of 115. He performed __________ than _____ percent of his agemates.

In comparisons of children who are the same age but in different grades,

According to Herrnstein and Murray's book, The Bell Curve,

The fluid reasoning, visual-spatial processing, and working-memory factors of the Stanford-Binet

Longitudinal research shows that by second grade, children with the highest IQs are more likely to

Because most infant scores do not tap the same dimensions of intelligence assessed in older children, they are labeled __________ rather than IQs.

How stable are IQ scores, and how well do they predict academic achievement, occupational attainment, and psychological adjustment?

Gifted children and adolescents

One factor that contributes to the enduring impact of high-quality early intervention programs is an emphasis on

Thurstone questioned the importance of g because

Between 1932 and 2002, IQ

Sternberg's triarchic theory helps explain why

Misty, an African-American child, lives in a home where the adults use a topic-associating style. Misty's narratives are most likely to

Which of the following factors accelerate the Flynn effect among specific children of a given generation?

Researchers assessing black and white community college students' familiarity with vocabulary taken from items on an intelligence test found that the

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Language Development

Emotional Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Andre has an IQ of 115. He performed ______ than _ percent of his agemates.