Question 1

The CRISPR mechanism helps bacterial cells defend themselves against foreign DNA. Put the following CRISPR events in order, from first to last.
-3

Accepted Answer

A)  Foreign DNA enters cell for first time 
B)  Protospacers are generated by Cas 
C)  Foreign DNA is incorporated into CRISPR array 
D)  CRISPR sequence is transcribed 
E)  CRISPR RNA is fragmented
F) sRNA targets foreign DNA for destruction 
A)  Foreign DNA enters cell for first time 
B)  Protospacers are generated by Cas 
C)  Foreign DNA is incorporated into CRISPR array 
D)  CRISPR sequence is transcribed 
E)  CRISPR RNA is fragmented
F) sRNA targets foreign DNA for destruction

Question 2

Passage of genetic information from one generation to the next is known as _____ transmission

Accepted Answer

The answer of Passage of genetic information from one generation...

Question 3

The CRISPR mechanism helps bacterial cells defend themselves against foreign DNA. Put the following CRISPR events in order, from first to last.
-4

Accepted Answer

A)  Foreign DNA enters cell for first time 
B)  Protospacers are generated by Cas 
C)  Foreign DNA is incorporated into CRISPR array 
D)  CRISPR sequence is transcribed 
E)  CRISPR RNA is fragmented
F) sRNA targets foreign DNA for destruction 
A)  Foreign DNA enters cell for first time 
B)  Protospacers are generated by Cas 
C)  Foreign DNA is incorporated into CRISPR array 
D)  CRISPR sequence is transcribed 
E)  CRISPR RNA is fragmented
F) sRNA targets foreign DNA for destruction

Question 4

What is the main function of proteins encoded by the genes on the F plasmid?

Accepted Answer

A)  To enhance integration of transformed DNA into the recipient genome 
B)  To prevent destruction of virus DNA by the host 
C)  To create a structural bridge between the donor and recipient cell 
D)  To increase replication of the plasmid. 
A)  To enhance integration of transformed DNA into the recipient genome 
B)  To prevent destruction of virus DNA by the host 
C)  To create a structural bridge between the donor and recipient cell 
D)  To increase replication of the plasmid.

Question 5

Building phylogenetic trees can be challenging when horizontal transfer has occurred in bacteria. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trees cannot be accurately rooted when horizontal transfer has occurred 
B)  Virulent isolates evolve too rapidly to be captured in a phylogenetic tree 
C)  Lineages of bacteria from different locations are unrelated if horizontal transfer has occurred 
D)  Genetic differences between organisms are usually assumed to have occurred in a stepwise fashion 
A)  Trees cannot be accurately rooted when horizontal transfer has occurred 
B)  Virulent isolates evolve too rapidly to be captured in a phylogenetic tree 
C)  Lineages of bacteria from different locations are unrelated if horizontal transfer has occurred 
D)  Genetic differences between organisms are usually assumed to have occurred in a stepwise fashion

Question 6

Which of the following characteristics are found in retroviruses? Please select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Retroviruses contain RNA 
B)  Retroviruses contain DNA 
C)  The virus nucleic acid is reverse transcribed 
D)  The virus genome is integrated into the host genome. 
E)  The virus proteins are translated 
A)  Retroviruses contain RNA 
B)  Retroviruses contain DNA 
C)  The virus nucleic acid is reverse transcribed 
D)  The virus genome is integrated into the host genome. 
E)  The virus proteins are translated

Question 7

The core E. coli genome is about 2 Mb, which is less than half the size of the pan-genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which of the following is a defense mechanism used by bacteria against foreign DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Degradation of RNA-DNA hybrid 
B)  Repression of transcription from AT rich DNA 
C)  RNA interference 
D)  Expression of reverse transcriptases 
A)  Degradation of RNA-DNA hybrid 
B)  Repression of transcription from AT rich DNA 
C)  RNA interference 
D)  Expression of reverse transcriptases

Question 9

Which of the following statements about Agrobacterium tumefaciens are true? Please select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  A. tumefaciens transfers DNA to plant cells via transformation 
B)  A. tumefaciens transfers its own genome to plant cells 
C)  Plant cells containing A. tumefaciens DNA act as a source of nutrients for the bacterium 
D)  A. tumefaciens has an F plasmid 
A)  A. tumefaciens transfers DNA to plant cells via transformation 
B)  A. tumefaciens transfers its own genome to plant cells 
C)  Plant cells containing A. tumefaciens DNA act as a source of nutrients for the bacterium 
D)  A. tumefaciens has an F plasmid

Question 10

The CRISPR mechanism helps bacterial cells defend themselves against foreign DNA. Put the following CRISPR events in order, from first to last.
-1

Accepted Answer

A)  Foreign DNA enters cell for first time 
B)  Protospacers are generated by Cas 
C)  Foreign DNA is incorporated into CRISPR array 
D)  CRISPR sequence is transcribed 
E)  CRISPR RNA is fragmented
F) sRNA targets foreign DNA for destruction 
A)  Foreign DNA enters cell for first time 
B)  Protospacers are generated by Cas 
C)  Foreign DNA is incorporated into CRISPR array 
D)  CRISPR sequence is transcribed 
E)  CRISPR RNA is fragmented
F) sRNA targets foreign DNA for destruction

Question 11

Match the missing words in the following phrase. [A] cause their host cells to burst and release more phage. Host DNA can be packaged alongside virus DNA and transferred to the new host - this is [B]. [C] can integrate their genome into the host genome, at which point the virus is termed a [D]. When the DNA is excised from the host genome and packaged into phage, host DNA can also be packaged into the phage and transferred to the new host - this is [E]. [F] can enter cells, replicate, and exit without causing the death of the host cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the missing words in the following...

The CRISPR mechanism helps bacterial cells defend themselves against foreign DNA. Put the following CRISPR events in order, from first to last. -3

Passage of genetic information from one generation to the next is known as _____ transmission

The CRISPR mechanism helps bacterial cells defend themselves against foreign DNA. Put the following CRISPR events in order, from first to last. -4

What is the main function of proteins encoded by the genes on the F plasmid?

Building phylogenetic trees can be challenging when horizontal transfer has occurred in bacteria. Why?

Which of the following characteristics are found in retroviruses? Please select all that apply.

The core E. coli genome is about 2 Mb, which is less than half the size of the pan-genome.

Which of the following is a defense mechanism used by bacteria against foreign DNA?

Which of the following statements about Agrobacterium tumefaciens are true? Please select all that apply.

The CRISPR mechanism helps bacterial cells defend themselves against foreign DNA. Put the following CRISPR events in order, from first to last. -1

Darwins Finches: Evolution, Genomes, and Genes

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Genome Structure, Organization, and Variation

Descent With Modification: Dna Replication and Mutation

The Inheritance of Single Gene Traits

The Cellular Basis for Mendelian Genetics

X-Linked Genes and Sex Chromosomes

The Inheritance of Multiple Genes

The Locations of Genes on Chromosomes: Linkage and Genetic Maps

Human Genetic Mapping, Genome Wide Association Studies, and Complex Traits

Transcription: Reading and Expressing Genes

Translation: From Nucleic Acids to Amino Acids

Networks of Gene Regulation

Genetic Analysis of Cellular Processes

The Genetics of Populations

Metagenomes: Genome Analysis of Communities

Filters

Exam 11: Exchange and Evolution

The CRISPR mechanism helps bacterial cells defend themselves against foreign DNA. Put the following CRISPR events in order, from first to last. -3

Passage of genetic information from one generation to the next is known as _____ transmission

The CRISPR mechanism helps bacterial cells defend themselves against foreign DNA. Put the following CRISPR events in order, from first to last. -4

What is the main function of proteins encoded by the genes on the F plasmid?

Building phylogenetic trees can be challenging when horizontal transfer has occurred in bacteria. Why?

Which of the following characteristics are found in retroviruses? Please select all that apply.

The core E. coli genome is about 2 Mb, which is less than half the size of the pan-genome.

Which of the following is a defense mechanism used by bacteria against foreign DNA?

Which of the following statements about Agrobacterium tumefaciens are true? Please select all that apply.

The CRISPR mechanism helps bacterial cells defend themselves against foreign DNA. Put the following CRISPR events in order, from first to last. -1

Darwins Finches: Evolution, Genomes, and Genes

The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

Genome Structure, Organization, and Variation

Descent With Modification: Dna Replication and Mutation

The Inheritance of Single Gene Traits

The Cellular Basis for Mendelian Genetics

X-Linked Genes and Sex Chromosomes

The Inheritance of Multiple Genes

The Locations of Genes on Chromosomes: Linkage and Genetic Maps

Human Genetic Mapping, Genome Wide Association Studies, and Complex Traits

Transcription: Reading and Expressing Genes

Translation: From Nucleic Acids to Amino Acids

Networks of Gene Regulation

Genetic Analysis of Cellular Processes

The Genetics of Populations

Metagenomes: Genome Analysis of Communities

Filters