Question 1

What is plagiarism? Describe two steps can you take to avoid it.

Accepted Answer

Plagiarism is the act of using someone e

Question 2

Some behavioral scientists argue that giving applied research priority over basic research is shortsighted because

Accepted Answer

A)  the history of science has shown that important practical advances generally come from an understanding of basic processes. 
B)  basic research can suggest ways of developing interventions for applied problems. 
C)  the distinction between basic and applied research is somewhat artificial: Action research can generate basic knowledge while trying to solve important practical problems. 
D)  of all of the above reasons. 
A)  the history of science has shown that important practical advances generally come from an understanding of basic processes. 
B)  basic research can suggest ways of developing interventions for applied problems. 
C)  the distinction between basic and applied research is somewhat artificial: Action research can generate basic knowledge while trying to solve important practical problems. 
D)  of all of the above reasons.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a way in which mistakes and errors in research can be corrected?

Accepted Answer

A)  publishing new research that shows that previously published findings are incorrect 
B)  suing researchers for research misconduct 
C)  researchers requesting that a journal print a correction if they find that they have made a mistake 
D)  reporting a culpable error that you find after the article has been published. 
A)  publishing new research that shows that previously published findings are incorrect 
B)  suing researchers for research misconduct 
C)  researchers requesting that a journal print a correction if they find that they have made a mistake 
D)  reporting a culpable error that you find after the article has been published.

Question 4

What is subject matter competence? How can you ensure that you have it?

Accepted Answer

Subject matter competence refers to the

Question 5

Why is duplicate publication unethical?

Accepted Answer

A)  It results in non-technical publications that cannot fully explain the importance of the research. 
B)  It encourages the proliferation of edited volumes based on already published research. 
C)  It distorts the scientific knowledge base by making it appear that more information is available on topic than actually exists. 
D)  It gives people an unfair advantage in the job market. 
A)  It results in non-technical publications that cannot fully explain the importance of the research. 
B)  It encourages the proliferation of edited volumes based on already published research. 
C)  It distorts the scientific knowledge base by making it appear that more information is available on topic than actually exists. 
D)  It gives people an unfair advantage in the job market.

Question 6

Name and define two questionable research practices that might occur during data interpretation and recording.

Accepted Answer

Two questionable research practices that

Question 7

What is methodological tuning? Under what conditions might it be ethically questionable?

Accepted Answer

Methodological tuning refers to the proc

Question 8

Describe the types of harm that can result when a scientist engages in data forgery.

Accepted Answer

Data forgery by a scientist can result i

Question 9

Under what circumstances may some degree of text recycling be acceptable?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the same or similar methodologies are used on more than one study 
B)  when the introduction is on the same topic as the authors' other, closely related studies 
C)  when using the same results for more than one research article 
D)  either a or b, but not c 
A)  when the same or similar methodologies are used on more than one study 
B)  when the introduction is on the same topic as the authors' other, closely related studies 
C)  when using the same results for more than one research article 
D)  either a or b, but not c

Question 10

What is the positivity bias in research? What are the potential ethical consequences of this bias for social scientists?

Accepted Answer

The positivity bias in research refers t

Question 11

Ethical questions about the application of research results are resolved by

Accepted Answer

A)  the Institutional Review Board of the institution sponsoring the research. 
B)  the ethical values of the people involved in each instance of the application of research results. 
C)  following government guidelines for the ethical treatment of human research participants. 
D)  following ethical guidelines published by the American Psychological Association for the treatment of human research participants. 
A)  the Institutional Review Board of the institution sponsoring the research. 
B)  the ethical values of the people involved in each instance of the application of research results. 
C)  following government guidelines for the ethical treatment of human research participants. 
D)  following ethical guidelines published by the American Psychological Association for the treatment of human research participants.

Question 12

Professor Bulwark conducted a study of the effects of reading level on comprehension, but found no significant differences between the experimental and the control group. She changed her manipulation and ran the study again, but still found no significant differences. After once again making changes to her manipulation, the third study produced the expected results. She reports only results from Study Three. Professor Bulwark

Accepted Answer

A)  increased her chances of committing a Type II error. 
B)  engaged in methodological tuning. 
C)  followed accepted ethical practices. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  increased her chances of committing a Type II error. 
B)  engaged in methodological tuning. 
C)  followed accepted ethical practices. 
D)  all of the above

Question 13

What three groups are harmed when poor research is conducted? Explain the nature of the harm to each of those groups.

Accepted Answer

When poor research is conducted, three g

Question 14

Name and define three types of outliers. How can each be identified?

Accepted Answer

Outliers are data points that are signif

Question 15

Making a formal accusation of research misconduct might be a better course of action than informally discussing the situation with the person you suspect of misconduct when

Accepted Answer

A)  the incident might cause harm to research participants. 
B)  the incident might severely harm the reputation of your institution if it became public knowledge. 
C)  it is likely that the person involved would respond in a very negative manner. 
D)  any of the above situations occur. 
A)  the incident might cause harm to research participants. 
B)  the incident might severely harm the reputation of your institution if it became public knowledge. 
C)  it is likely that the person involved would respond in a very negative manner. 
D)  any of the above situations occur.

Question 16

What is piecemeal publication? Are there any situations in which it considered ethical?

Accepted Answer

Piecemeal publication, also known as "sa

Question 17

What is overgeneralization of the results of research? Give an example.

Accepted Answer

Overgeneralization of the results of res

Question 18

Professor Werner drops the scores of some participants so that her results better fit her predictions. She is guilty of

Accepted Answer

A)  data dredging. 
B)  data forgery. 
C)  data trimming. 
D)  data torturing. 
A)  data dredging. 
B)  data forgery. 
C)  data trimming. 
D)  data torturing.

Question 19

To argue whether basic research is more ethical than applied research or vice versa may be pointless because

Accepted Answer

A)  the debate has been clearly resolved in favor of basic research. 
B)  the basic epistemological positions of basic and applied researchers differ, so it can be difficult for each to understand the other's point of view. 
C)  basic research diverts resources from applied research that could solve society's problems. 
D)  scientists are not qualified to argue ethical issues. 
A)  the debate has been clearly resolved in favor of basic research. 
B)  the basic epistemological positions of basic and applied researchers differ, so it can be difficult for each to understand the other's point of view. 
C)  basic research diverts resources from applied research that could solve society's problems. 
D)  scientists are not qualified to argue ethical issues.

Question 20

Imagine you are working on a research project. List two activities you might complete that are deserving of authorship credit. Then list two types of activities you might complete that should be acknowledged in a footnote.

Accepted Answer

Two activities that might deserve author

What is plagiarism? Describe two steps can you take to avoid it.

Some behavioral scientists argue that giving applied research priority over basic research is shortsighted because

Which of the following is NOT a way in which mistakes and errors in research can be corrected?

What is subject matter competence? How can you ensure that you have it?

Why is duplicate publication unethical?

Name and define two questionable research practices that might occur during data interpretation and recording.

What is methodological tuning? Under what conditions might it be ethically questionable?

Describe the types of harm that can result when a scientist engages in data forgery.

Under what circumstances may some degree of text recycling be acceptable?

What is the positivity bias in research? What are the potential ethical consequences of this bias for social scientists?

Ethical questions about the application of research results are resolved by

What three groups are harmed when poor research is conducted? Explain the nature of the harm to each of those groups.

Name and define three types of outliers. How can each be identified?

Making a formal accusation of research misconduct might be a better course of action than informally discussing the situation with the person you suspect of misconduct when

What is piecemeal publication? Are there any situations in which it considered ethical?

What is overgeneralization of the results of research? Give an example.

Professor Werner drops the scores of some participants so that her results better fit her predictions. She is guilty of

To argue whether basic research is more ethical than applied research or vice versa may be pointless because

Imagine you are working on a research project. List two activities you might complete that are deserving of authorship credit. Then list two types of activities you might complete that should be acknowledged in a footnote.

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

True Experiments

Field Research

Correlational Designs

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters

Exam 4: The Professional and Social Responsibilities of Scientists

What is plagiarism? Describe two steps can you take to avoid it.

Some behavioral scientists argue that giving applied research priority over basic research is shortsighted because

Which of the following is NOT a way in which mistakes and errors in research can be corrected?

What is subject matter competence? How can you ensure that you have it?

Why is duplicate publication unethical?

Name and define two questionable research practices that might occur during data interpretation and recording.

What is methodological tuning? Under what conditions might it be ethically questionable?

Describe the types of harm that can result when a scientist engages in data forgery.

Under what circumstances may some degree of text recycling be acceptable?

What is the positivity bias in research? What are the potential ethical consequences of this bias for social scientists?

Ethical questions about the application of research results are resolved by

What three groups are harmed when poor research is conducted? Explain the nature of the harm to each of those groups.

Name and define three types of outliers. How can each be identified?

Making a formal accusation of research misconduct might be a better course of action than informally discussing the situation with the person you suspect of misconduct when

What is piecemeal publication? Are there any situations in which it considered ethical?

What is overgeneralization of the results of research? Give an example.

Professor Werner drops the scores of some participants so that her results better fit her predictions. She is guilty of

To argue whether basic research is more ethical than applied research or vice versa may be pointless because

Imagine you are working on a research project. List two activities you might complete that are deserving of authorship credit. Then list two types of activities you might complete that should be acknowledged in a footnote.

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

True Experiments

Field Research

Correlational Designs

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters