Question 1

Behavioral scientists have a social responsibility to

Accepted Answer

A)  encourage the proper application of research results. 
B)  clearly spell out the meaning of any published results to minimize the possibility of misinterpretation. 
C)  point out situations in which advocates claim scientific support for their positions when in fact such support is poor or nonexistent. 
D)  do all of the above. 
A)  encourage the proper application of research results. 
B)  clearly spell out the meaning of any published results to minimize the possibility of misinterpretation. 
C)  point out situations in which advocates claim scientific support for their positions when in fact such support is poor or nonexistent. 
D)  do all of the above.

Question 2

Professor Belanger was studying age differences in depression. She hypothesized that older people would have higher depression scores than younger people, but her results showed the opposite. She rewrote her introduction to show that the unexpected finding was actually her a priori prediction. Professor Belanger has engaged in

Accepted Answer

A)  methodological tuning. 
B)  hypothesis re-centering. 
C)  HARKing. 
D)  post-experimental revisionism. 
A)  methodological tuning. 
B)  hypothesis re-centering. 
C)  HARKing. 
D)  post-experimental revisionism.

Question 3

A student volunteers to be part of a research team. She creates a Qualtrics survey based on the measures her professor has decided to use. She then conducts several experimental sessions over the course of the semester. If the professor publishes the results, the student can reasonably expect

Accepted Answer

A)  to be acknowledged in a footnote on any manuscript that is based on those results. 
B)  a formal thank you letter. 
C)  to be an author on a publication that is based on those results. 
D)  any of the above 
A)  to be acknowledged in a footnote on any manuscript that is based on those results. 
B)  a formal thank you letter. 
C)  to be an author on a publication that is based on those results. 
D)  any of the above

Question 4

Which of the following is regarded as common knowledge and does not need a citation in a research article?

Accepted Answer

A)  a quote from a publication for which the copyright has expired 
B)  a description of a study based on your own published research 
C)  an explanation for a common statistical procedure 
D)  a summary of a colleague's unpublished manuscript 
A)  a quote from a publication for which the copyright has expired 
B)  a description of a study based on your own published research 
C)  an explanation for a common statistical procedure 
D)  a summary of a colleague's unpublished manuscript

Question 5

Describe three steps you can take to prevent scientific misconduct.

Accepted Answer

1. Promote a culture of integrity and et

Question 6

Name and define three questionable research practices.

Accepted Answer

Questionable research practices are acti

Question 7

Professor Nowitzki discards data that do not support the hypothesis of his study. He reasons that doing so has produced clearer results. He is guilty of

Accepted Answer

A)  data dredging. 
B)  data forgery. 
C)  data trimming. 
D)  data torturing. 
A)  data dredging. 
B)  data forgery. 
C)  data trimming. 
D)  data torturing.

Question 8

_________ refers to collecting data on a large number of variables but focusing only on the statistically significant relations found among them.

Accepted Answer

A)  Data snooping 
B)  Data dredging 
C)  Data trimming 
D)  HARKing 
A)  Data snooping 
B)  Data dredging 
C)  Data trimming 
D)  HARKing

Question 9

After a study has been published, a researcher realizes she has made an error. She should

Accepted Answer

A)  post the error on her website and vita. 
B)  write a follow-up article based on the new analyses. 
C)  ask the journal editor to print a correction or retract the article. 
D)  do any of the above 
A)  post the error on her website and vita. 
B)  write a follow-up article based on the new analyses. 
C)  ask the journal editor to print a correction or retract the article. 
D)  do any of the above

Question 10

_________ is the process of transforming extreme values in a data set to a specified percentile of the range of scores.

Accepted Answer

A)  Piecemeal recentering 
B)  Winsorization 
C)  Tail clipping 
D)  HARKing 
A)  Piecemeal recentering 
B)  Winsorization 
C)  Tail clipping 
D)  HARKing

Question 11

Data forgery consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  reporting the results of a study that was never conducted. 
B)  discarding data that do not support the researcher's hypothesis so that the study produces "better" results. 
C)  changing some participants' scores so that they better fit the predictions made by the research hypothesis. 
D)  repeatedly conducting different types of statistical tests on a data set until significant results turn up. 
A)  reporting the results of a study that was never conducted. 
B)  discarding data that do not support the researcher's hypothesis so that the study produces "better" results. 
C)  changing some participants' scores so that they better fit the predictions made by the research hypothesis. 
D)  repeatedly conducting different types of statistical tests on a data set until significant results turn up.

Question 12

Researchers sometimes make mistakes when conducting research. Scientists guard against mistakes by

Accepted Answer

A)  using research methods that are designed to prevent errors. 
B)  conducting replication research to verify results. 
C)  subjecting their work to critical review by peers. 
D)  doing all of the above. 
A)  using research methods that are designed to prevent errors. 
B)  conducting replication research to verify results. 
C)  subjecting their work to critical review by peers. 
D)  doing all of the above.

Question 13

If you believed that someone in your research group was engaging in research misconduct, what steps could you take to address it?

Accepted Answer

If I believed that someone in my researc

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a red flag indicating potential scientific misconduct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The researcher sidesteps or gives intimidating responses to questions about the research. 
B)  The method section of the research report does not clearly explain how the data were collected. 
C)  The study's findings are surprising and break new theoretical ground. 
D)  The raw data from the study are not made available to students or colleagues. 
A)  The researcher sidesteps or gives intimidating responses to questions about the research. 
B)  The method section of the research report does not clearly explain how the data were collected. 
C)  The study's findings are surprising and break new theoretical ground. 
D)  The raw data from the study are not made available to students or colleagues.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate method for handling outliers?

Accepted Answer

A)  Remove all outliers, regardless of type. 
B)  Analyze the data with and without the outliers and report the results that best support your hypothesis. 
C)  Replace an outlier that was due to a data entry error with the correct value. 
D)  Transform extreme values to a specified percentile of the range of all scores. 
A)  Remove all outliers, regardless of type. 
B)  Analyze the data with and without the outliers and report the results that best support your hypothesis. 
C)  Replace an outlier that was due to a data entry error with the correct value. 
D)  Transform extreme values to a specified percentile of the range of all scores.

Question 16

You are a practitioner who does not read the scientific literature about effective therapies. Explain why this decision might meet the criteria for unprofessional conduct.

Accepted Answer

As a practitioner, it is essential to st

Question 17

Which of the following statements about socially sensitive research is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  When designing socially sensitive research, it is useful to have members of groups who are likely to be affected by its outcome comment on its purposes and methods. 
B)  Failure to conduct socially sensitive re?search could result in a lack of valid information on which to base policy decisions. 
C)  Socially sensitive research should be avoided because it rarely benefits either science or the groups being studied. 
D)  Socially sensitive research should be conducted only if the costs and benefits to society and to the participants have been considered. 
A)  When designing socially sensitive research, it is useful to have members of groups who are likely to be affected by its outcome comment on its purposes and methods. 
B)  Failure to conduct socially sensitive re?search could result in a lack of valid information on which to base policy decisions. 
C)  Socially sensitive research should be avoided because it rarely benefits either science or the groups being studied. 
D)  Socially sensitive research should be conducted only if the costs and benefits to society and to the participants have been considered.

Question 18

__________refers to the practice of formulating hypotheses based on a study's outcome but treating them as a priori hypothesis when reporting the results of the research.

Accepted Answer

A)  Data embellishing 
B)  Post hoc quarterbacking 
C)  HARKing 
D)  Theoretical tuning 
A)  Data embellishing 
B)  Post hoc quarterbacking 
C)  HARKing 
D)  Theoretical tuning

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the ethics of research publication is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Text recycling is never acceptable. 
B)  The source of information presented must be cited, even if it is common knowledge. 
C)  Duplicate publication is acceptable if different manuscripts are prepared for technical and non-technical audiences. 
D)  It is good practice to break a data set into as many pieces as possible to increase the number of one's publications. 
A)  Text recycling is never acceptable. 
B)  The source of information presented must be cited, even if it is common knowledge. 
C)  Duplicate publication is acceptable if different manuscripts are prepared for technical and non-technical audiences. 
D)  It is good practice to break a data set into as many pieces as possible to increase the number of one's publications.

Question 20

Behavioral scientists can take on a variety of roles when it comes to influencing social policy decisions. A potential pitfall of taking on the social activist role is that scientists might

Accepted Answer

A)  be overly objective in describing relevant research. 
B)  be correctly perceived as experts. 
C)  see themselves as acting improperly because scientific codes of ethics prohibit scientists from being social activists. 
D)  inadvertently misrepresent the relevant research so that it appears to be more favorable to their position than it really is. 
A)  be overly objective in describing relevant research. 
B)  be correctly perceived as experts. 
C)  see themselves as acting improperly because scientific codes of ethics prohibit scientists from being social activists. 
D)  inadvertently misrepresent the relevant research so that it appears to be more favorable to their position than it really is.

Behavioral scientists have a social responsibility to

A student volunteers to be part of a research team. She creates a Qualtrics survey based on the measures her professor has decided to use. She then conducts several experimental sessions over the course of the semester. If the professor publishes the results, the student can reasonably expect

Which of the following is regarded as common knowledge and does not need a citation in a research article?

Describe three steps you can take to prevent scientific misconduct.

Name and define three questionable research practices.

Professor Nowitzki discards data that do not support the hypothesis of his study. He reasons that doing so has produced clearer results. He is guilty of

_________ refers to collecting data on a large number of variables but focusing only on the statistically significant relations found among them.

After a study has been published, a researcher realizes she has made an error. She should

_________ is the process of transforming extreme values in a data set to a specified percentile of the range of scores.

Data forgery consists of

Researchers sometimes make mistakes when conducting research. Scientists guard against mistakes by

If you believed that someone in your research group was engaging in research misconduct, what steps could you take to address it?

Which of the following is NOT a red flag indicating potential scientific misconduct?

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate method for handling outliers?

You are a practitioner who does not read the scientific literature about effective therapies. Explain why this decision might meet the criteria for unprofessional conduct.

Which of the following statements about socially sensitive research is FALSE?

__________refers to the practice of formulating hypotheses based on a study's outcome but treating them as a priori hypothesis when reporting the results of the research.

Which of the following statements about the ethics of research publication is TRUE?

Behavioral scientists can take on a variety of roles when it comes to influencing social policy decisions. A potential pitfall of taking on the social activist role is that scientists might

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

True Experiments

Field Research

Correlational Designs

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters

Exam 4: The Professional and Social Responsibilities of Scientists

Behavioral scientists have a social responsibility to

A student volunteers to be part of a research team. She creates a Qualtrics survey based on the measures her professor has decided to use. She then conducts several experimental sessions over the course of the semester. If the professor publishes the results, the student can reasonably expect

Which of the following is regarded as common knowledge and does not need a citation in a research article?

Describe three steps you can take to prevent scientific misconduct.

Name and define three questionable research practices.

Professor Nowitzki discards data that do not support the hypothesis of his study. He reasons that doing so has produced clearer results. He is guilty of

_________ refers to collecting data on a large number of variables but focusing only on the statistically significant relations found among them.

After a study has been published, a researcher realizes she has made an error. She should

_________ is the process of transforming extreme values in a data set to a specified percentile of the range of scores.

Data forgery consists of

Researchers sometimes make mistakes when conducting research. Scientists guard against mistakes by

If you believed that someone in your research group was engaging in research misconduct, what steps could you take to address it?

Which of the following is NOT a red flag indicating potential scientific misconduct?

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate method for handling outliers?

You are a practitioner who does not read the scientific literature about effective therapies. Explain why this decision might meet the criteria for unprofessional conduct.

Which of the following statements about socially sensitive research is FALSE?

__________refers to the practice of formulating hypotheses based on a study's outcome but treating them as a priori hypothesis when reporting the results of the research.

Which of the following statements about the ethics of research publication is TRUE?

Behavioral scientists can take on a variety of roles when it comes to influencing social policy decisions. A potential pitfall of taking on the social activist role is that scientists might

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

True Experiments

Field Research

Correlational Designs

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters