Exam 23: Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

Vitamin D (calcitriol)

Therapeutic surgical removal of the thyroid gland was documented more than 1000 years ago.In the 19th century, a surgeon performing that procedure had only about 50% patient survival, and patient death was often unrelated to nonspecific complications such as infection or bleeding.What condition of the thyroid is so easily diagnosed that ancient surgeons would think to remove it? What hormonal problem unrelated to thyroid hormones may account for the 50% mortality of thyroidectomy patients in the 19th century (and probably throughout history)? Why didn't the surgeons anticipate this problem? Why wasn't the mortality closer to 100%?

The thyroid gland is composed of many ________ that produce and store thyroid hormones.

What are the two distinct endocrine cell types that comprise the thyroid gland, and what do they secrete?

Describe differences in effects of hormones of growth and metabolism in children compared to effects in adults.

Match the condition with its description. -hunchback appearance associated with osteoporosis

Pendrin is an anion transporter important in the production of

A condition that produces a reduction in bone mass or density sufficient to compromise normal function is

The parathyroid glands produce a hormone that

________ is a result of deficient thyroid hormone secretion in infancy.

The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is

Which hormones of growth and metabolism have a permissive effect on other hormones of growth and metabolism?

What is a permissive hormone effect? Provide an example, explaining what would result if the permissive hormone was absent.

Excess growth hormone prior to puberty would result in

In an effort to impress her physiology instructor, your roommate did an Internet search on cortisol.In her exuberance, she failed to read the book chapter, the instructor has not yet lectured on this chapter, and frankly she knows next to nothing about this hormone.She discovers such seemingly unrelated therapeutic effects as treatment for bee stings and rejection of transplanted organs.You, however, completed your physiology course last semester, and she turns to you for enlightenment.What can you tell her about some other therapeutic uses for cortisol, and what functional connections do these illustrate? What are some of the negative side effects?

CRH stimulates the release of

Pick one hormone from Chapter 23 and design a concept map showing the feedback pattern, types of hormone receptors and how this relates to normal cellular / tissue responses, and areas in the map which could be the cause of pathologies (i.e., hyposecretion, hyperresponsiveness).

A hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium ion is

Damage to cells of the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex would result in

Thyroid hormone contains the mineral