Question 1

What must happen for the pupil of the eye to dilate?

Accepted Answer

A)  The circular muscle of the iris must contract. 
B)  Cranial nerve III must be activated. 
C)  Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system is required. 
D)  The optic nerve must be stimulated. 
A)  The circular muscle of the iris must contract. 
B)  Cranial nerve III must be activated. 
C)  Stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system is required. 
D)  The optic nerve must be stimulated. C

Question 2

The involuntary abnormal movement of one or both eyes is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  strabismus. 
B)  nystagmus. 
C)  presbyopia. 
D)  diplopia. 
A)  strabismus. 
B)  nystagmus. 
C)  presbyopia. 
D)  diplopia. B

Question 3

Herpes simplex virus is a common cause of:

Accepted Answer

A)  conjunctivitis. 
B)  corneal ulceration and scarring. 
C)  eye infection in the neonate. 
D)  total blindness. 
A)  conjunctivitis. 
B)  corneal ulceration and scarring. 
C)  eye infection in the neonate. 
D)  total blindness. B

Question 4

How does otosclerosis cause hearing loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fixation of the stapes to the oval window 
B)  Adhesions between the ossicles 
C)  Fibrosis in the tympanic membrane 
D)  Overgrowth of bone obstructing the auditory tube 
A)  Fixation of the stapes to the oval window 
B)  Adhesions between the ossicles 
C)  Fibrosis in the tympanic membrane 
D)  Overgrowth of bone obstructing the auditory tube

Question 5

Why does vertigo occur with Ménière's syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fluid is lost from the inner ear. 
B)  Increased blood pressure causes edema in the middle and inner ears. 
C)  Damage occurs to the vestibular branch of the auditory nerve. 
D)  Excessive endolymph impairs the function of hair cells in the labyrinth. 
A)  Fluid is lost from the inner ear. 
B)  Increased blood pressure causes edema in the middle and inner ears. 
C)  Damage occurs to the vestibular branch of the auditory nerve. 
D)  Excessive endolymph impairs the function of hair cells in the labyrinth.

Question 6

Loss of the left visual field results from damage to the:

Accepted Answer

A)  left optic nerve. 
B)  right optic nerve. 
C)  left occipital lobe. 
D)  right occipital lobe. 
A)  left optic nerve. 
B)  right optic nerve. 
C)  left occipital lobe. 
D)  right occipital lobe.

Question 7

Which term refers to near-sightedness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperopia 
B)  Presbyopia 
C)  Myopia 
D)  Diplopia 
A)  Hyperopia 
B)  Presbyopia 
C)  Myopia 
D)  Diplopia

Question 8

An infection that damages the auditory nerve can cause what type of hearing loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensorineural 
B)  Conduction 
C)  Semiacute 
D)  Inflammatory 
A)  Sensorineural 
B)  Conduction 
C)  Semiacute 
D)  Inflammatory

Question 9

The lens and cornea are nourished by:

Accepted Answer

A)  small capillaries. 
B)  tears. 
C)  vitreous humor. 
D)  aqueous humor. 
A)  small capillaries. 
B)  tears. 
C)  vitreous humor. 
D)  aqueous humor.

Question 10

Which fluid is found surrounding the optic disc?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aqueous humor 
B)  Vitreous humor 
C)  Cerebrospinal fluid 
D)  Tears 
A)  Aqueous humor 
B)  Vitreous humor 
C)  Cerebrospinal fluid 
D)  Tears

Question 11

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conduction deafness results from inner ear damage. 
B)  Cochlear implants may restore hearing in cases of sensorineural loss. 
C)  Damage to the auditory area of the brain causes deafness in one ear. 
D)  Cochlear implants can replace the auditory pathway in all deaf individuals. 
A)  Conduction deafness results from inner ear damage. 
B)  Cochlear implants may restore hearing in cases of sensorineural loss. 
C)  Damage to the auditory area of the brain causes deafness in one ear. 
D)  Cochlear implants can replace the auditory pathway in all deaf individuals.

Question 12

Which disorder is manifested by loss of peripheral vision?

Accepted Answer

A)  Retinal detachment 
B)  Chronic (wide-angle) glaucoma 
C)  Cataract 
D)  Macular degeneration 
A)  Retinal detachment 
B)  Chronic (wide-angle) glaucoma 
C)  Cataract 
D)  Macular degeneration

Question 13

Which of the statements apply to infection of the eye by Staphylococcus aureus?
1) It involves the conjunctiva.
2) It is highly contagious.
3) It is commonly known as "pinkeye."
4) It usually causes keratitis and permanent visual loss.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 3 
B)  2, 3 
C)  2, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3 
A)  1, 3 
B)  2, 3 
C)  2, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3

Question 14

What do the extrinsic muscles of the eye control?

Accepted Answer

A)  Movement of the eyeball 
B)  Movement of the eyelid 
C)  Size of the pupil 
D)  Shape of the lens 
A)  Movement of the eyeball 
B)  Movement of the eyelid 
C)  Size of the pupil 
D)  Shape of the lens

Question 15

Which statement does NOT apply to chronic glaucoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Degeneration and obstruction of the trabecular network 
B)  Gradual increase in intraocular pressure 
C)  Abnormally narrow angle between the cornea and iris 
D)  Damage to the retina and optic nerve 
A)  Degeneration and obstruction of the trabecular network 
B)  Gradual increase in intraocular pressure 
C)  Abnormally narrow angle between the cornea and iris 
D)  Damage to the retina and optic nerve

Question 16

What is the basic pathological change with macular degeneration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased amount of aqueous humor in the eye 
B)  Movement of vitreous humor between the retina and the choroid 
C)  Degeneration of the retinal cells in the fovea centralis 
D)  Damage to the optic nerve and meninges 
A)  Increased amount of aqueous humor in the eye 
B)  Movement of vitreous humor between the retina and the choroid 
C)  Degeneration of the retinal cells in the fovea centralis 
D)  Damage to the optic nerve and meninges

Question 17

Which of the following is often the first sign of ototoxicity from drugs or chemicals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sudden total loss of hearing 
B)  Tinnitus 
C)  Severe pain in ear 
D)  Fluid exudate draining from ear 
A)  Sudden total loss of hearing 
B)  Tinnitus 
C)  Severe pain in ear 
D)  Fluid exudate draining from ear

Question 18

Which of the following is a sign of a detached retina?

Accepted Answer

A)  Painless blurring of vision 
B)  Eye pain, halos around lights, and nausea 
C)  Progressive loss of central vision 
D)  No pain, development of a dark area in the visual field 
A)  Painless blurring of vision 
B)  Eye pain, halos around lights, and nausea 
C)  Progressive loss of central vision 
D)  No pain, development of a dark area in the visual field

Question 19

Trachoma is indicated by the presence of:

Accepted Answer

A)  purulent exudate and red sclerae. 
B)  corneal abrasions by the infected eyelids. 
C)  diplopia and cloudy lens. 
D)  ptosis and fixed dilation of the pupil. 
A)  purulent exudate and red sclerae. 
B)  corneal abrasions by the infected eyelids. 
C)  diplopia and cloudy lens. 
D)  ptosis and fixed dilation of the pupil.

Question 20

Severe pain develops with narrow-angle glaucoma when the:

Accepted Answer

A)  pupils are constricted. 
B)  pupils are dilated. 
C)  lens changes shape. 
D)  excess vitreous humor forms. 
A)  pupils are constricted. 
B)  pupils are dilated. 
C)  lens changes shape. 
D)  excess vitreous humor forms.

Exam 15: Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

What must happen for the pupil of the eye to dilate?

The involuntary abnormal movement of one or both eyes is referred to as:

Herpes simplex virus is a common cause of:

How does otosclerosis cause hearing loss?

Why does vertigo occur with Ménière's syndrome?

Loss of the left visual field results from damage to the:

Which term refers to near-sightedness?

An infection that damages the auditory nerve can cause what type of hearing loss?

The lens and cornea are nourished by:

Which fluid is found surrounding the optic disc?

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Which disorder is manifested by loss of peripheral vision?

Which of the statements apply to infection of the eye by Staphylococcus aureus? 1) It involves the conjunctiva. 2) It is highly contagious. 3) It is commonly known as "pinkeye." 4) It usually causes keratitis and permanent visual loss.

What do the extrinsic muscles of the eye control?

Which statement does NOT apply to chronic glaucoma?

What is the basic pathological change with macular degeneration?

Which of the following is often the first sign of ototoxicity from drugs or chemicals?

Which of the following is a sign of a detached retina?

Trachoma is indicated by the presence of:

Severe pain develops with narrow-angle glaucoma when the:

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Respiratory System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Endocrine System Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications due to Pregnancy

Complications due to Adolescence

Complications due to Aging

Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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