Question 1

Compare and contrast facilitated and active transport.

Accepted Answer

Both of these have in common that they m

Question 2

The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following question by selecting the correct term.
-fluid with a high solute concentration relative to another fluid

Accepted Answer

A) ​diffusion 
B) ​hypertonic 
C) ​hypotonic 
D) ​isotonic 
E) ​osmosis
F)​osmotic pressure
G)​turgor 
A) ​diffusion 
B) ​hypertonic 
C) ​hypotonic 
D) ​isotonic 
E) ​osmosis
F)​osmotic pressure
G)​turgor

Question 3

Which of the following is a form of active transport?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​osmosis 
B)  facilitated diffusion​ 
C)  ​simple diffusion 
D)  ​exocytosis 
E)  glucose transport​ 
A)  ​osmosis 
B)  facilitated diffusion​ 
C)  ​simple diffusion 
D)  ​exocytosis 
E)  glucose transport​

Question 4

In some cases, inhibitors or activators of enzyme-catalyzed reactions act by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​binding to the substrates 
B)  ​affecting the supply of ATP 
C)  ​reversibly binding to an enzyme's allosteric site 
D)  ​reducing or increasing the concentration of enzymes 
E)  binding to the products​ 
A)  ​binding to the substrates 
B)  ​affecting the supply of ATP 
C)  ​reversibly binding to an enzyme's allosteric site 
D)  ​reducing or increasing the concentration of enzymes 
E)  binding to the products​

Question 5

The items below are processes that occur during different cellular reaction or metabolic pathways. Answer the following question by selecting the correct term
-This process occurs when an electron is received by an electron acceptor molecule, such as NADP+.

Accepted Answer

A) ​oxidation 
B) ​reduction 
C) ​phosphorylation 
D) ​electron transport chain 
A) ​oxidation 
B) ​reduction 
C) ​phosphorylation 
D) ​electron transport chain

Question 6

What is the key activity of panel II in the accompanying figure?​

Accepted Answer

A)  The enzyme is consumed as the products form. 
B)  ​The substrate leaves the active site. 
C)  The conversion of substrates to products occurs. 
D)  ​The product leaves the enzyme. 
E)  The product decomposes to the reactants.​ 
A)  The enzyme is consumed as the products form. 
B)  ​The substrate leaves the active site. 
C)  The conversion of substrates to products occurs. 
D)  ​The product leaves the enzyme. 
E)  The product decomposes to the reactants.​

Question 7

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-allosteric enzyme​​

Accepted Answer

A) amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) coenzyme that carries electrons 
C) attachment of a phosphate group by a high-energy bond 
D) an excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)by binding a regulatory molecule, it changes the activity of a metabolic pathway
G)affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)important energy currency in metabolism
I)enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)a measure of the degree of energy change after a concentrated form of energy has been dispersed 
A) amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) coenzyme that carries electrons 
C) attachment of a phosphate group by a high-energy bond 
D) an excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)by binding a regulatory molecule, it changes the activity of a metabolic pathway
G)affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)important energy currency in metabolism
I)enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)a measure of the degree of energy change after a concentrated form of energy has been dispersed

Question 8

What is a key characteristic of enzyme behavior?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Enzyme shape is stable during catalysis. 
B)  ​The active site of an enzyme orients its substrate molecules, thereby promoting interaction of their reactive parts. 
C)  ​All enzymes have an active site where coenzymes are temporarily bound. 
D)  ​Each enzyme can catalyze multiple reactions. 
E)  Enzyme activity is not affected by pH and temperature.​ 
A)  ​Enzyme shape is stable during catalysis. 
B)  ​The active site of an enzyme orients its substrate molecules, thereby promoting interaction of their reactive parts. 
C)  ​All enzymes have an active site where coenzymes are temporarily bound. 
D)  ​Each enzyme can catalyze multiple reactions. 
E)  Enzyme activity is not affected by pH and temperature.​

Question 9

What is the item labeled "C" in the accompanying figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​The reactant 
B)  ​The substrate 
C)  ​The active site 
D)  ​The transition state 
E)  The product​ 
A)  ​The reactant 
B)  ​The substrate 
C)  ​The active site 
D)  ​The transition state 
E)  The product​

Question 10

The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following question by selecting the correct term.
-spontaneous movement of molecules

Accepted Answer

A) ​diffusion 
B) ​hypertonic 
C) ​hypotonic 
D) ​isotonic 
E) ​osmosis
F)​osmotic pressure
G)​turgor 
A) ​diffusion 
B) ​hypertonic 
C) ​hypotonic 
D) ​isotonic 
E) ​osmosis
F)​osmotic pressure
G)​turgor

Question 11

What affects the rate of diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane?
I.concentration gradient
II.temperature
III.molecular size

Accepted Answer

A)  ​I only 
B)  ​II only 
C)  ​I and II 
D)  ​II and III 
E)  I, II, and III​ 
A)  ​I only 
B)  ​II only 
C)  ​I and II 
D)  ​II and III 
E)  I, II, and III​

Question 12

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each.
-entropy​

Accepted Answer

A) amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) coenzyme that carries electrons 
C) attachment of a phosphate group by a high-energy bond 
D) an excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)by binding a regulatory molecule, it changes the activity of a metabolic pathway
G)affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)important energy currency in metabolism
I)enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)a measure of the degree of energy change after a concentrated form of energy has been dispersed 
A) amount of energy to start a reaction 
B) coenzyme that carries electrons 
C) attachment of a phosphate group by a high-energy bond 
D) an excess of end-product molecules alters the shape of the first enzyme in the pathway and shuts off that metabolic pathway 
E) part of an enzyme that binds to the substrate
F)by binding a regulatory molecule, it changes the activity of a metabolic pathway
G)affects rates of chemical reactions by reducing activation energy
H)important energy currency in metabolism
I)enzyme that participates in the neutralization of hydrogen peroxide
J)a measure of the degree of energy change after a concentrated form of energy has been dispersed

Question 13

What is the item labeled "B" in the accompanying figure?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​The enzyme 
B)  ​The substrate 
C)  ​The active site 
D)  ​The transition state 
E)  The product​ 
A)  ​The enzyme 
B)  ​The substrate 
C)  ​The active site 
D)  ​The transition state 
E)  The product​

Question 14

CO₂ and H₂O will not form glucose on their own because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​CO₂ does not contain sufficient energy 
B)  ​H₂O does not contain sufficient energy 
C)  ​neither CO₂ nor H₂O contain sufficient energy 
D)  ​the concentration of CO₂ is too low in the atmosphere 
E)  the bonds of CO₂ and H₂O are too stable to be broken without an input of energy​ 
A)  ​CO₂ does not contain sufficient energy 
B)  ​H₂O does not contain sufficient energy 
C)  ​neither CO₂ nor H₂O contain sufficient energy 
D)  ​the concentration of CO₂ is too low in the atmosphere 
E)  the bonds of CO₂ and H₂O are too stable to be broken without an input of energy​

Question 15

The enzyme responsible for breaking down alcohol is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​alcohol methylase 
B)  ​alcohol polyphosphorylase 
C)  ​hydroxyl alcoholgenase 
D)  ​transmethylogenase 
E)  alcohol dehydrogenase​ 
A)  ​alcohol methylase 
B)  ​alcohol polyphosphorylase 
C)  ​hydroxyl alcoholgenase 
D)  ​transmethylogenase 
E)  alcohol dehydrogenase​

Question 16

The items below are processes that occur during different cellular reaction or metabolic pathways. Answer the following question by selecting the correct term
-This process occurs when an electron transport molecule gives up an electron.

Accepted Answer

A) ​oxidation 
B) ​reduction 
C) ​phosphorylation 
D) ​electron transport chain 
A) ​oxidation 
B) ​reduction 
C) ​phosphorylation 
D) ​electron transport chain

Question 17

An enzyme lowers activation energy by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​keeping substrates apart 
B)  ​orienting substrates randomly 
C)  ​breaking the laws of thermodynamics 
D)  ​shutting out water molecules 
E)  physically breaking chemical bonds​ 
A)  ​keeping substrates apart 
B)  ​orienting substrates randomly 
C)  ​breaking the laws of thermodynamics 
D)  ​shutting out water molecules 
E)  physically breaking chemical bonds​

Question 18

Endergonic reactions ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​result in products with less energy than the reactants 
B)  ​require a net input of energy 
C)  ​occur in the breakdown of glucose 
D)  ​are used by cells to provide energy for biological reactions 
E)  break down large molecules into smaller molecules​ 
A)  ​result in products with less energy than the reactants 
B)  ​require a net input of energy 
C)  ​occur in the breakdown of glucose 
D)  ​are used by cells to provide energy for biological reactions 
E)  break down large molecules into smaller molecules​

Question 19

Allosteric enzymes ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​have regions that bind with inhibitor or activator molecules 
B)  ​are associated with important energy-carrying nucleotides 
C)  ​are not affected by temperature or pH 
D)  ​have two active sites 
E)  have a broader range of working conditions​ 
A)  ​have regions that bind with inhibitor or activator molecules 
B)  ​are associated with important energy-carrying nucleotides 
C)  ​are not affected by temperature or pH 
D)  ​have two active sites 
E)  have a broader range of working conditions​

Question 20

In the image above, the substance indicated as "B" is a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​inhibitor 
B)  ​regulatory molecule 
C)  ​substrate 
D)  ​coenzyme 
E)  cofactor​ 
A)  ​inhibitor 
B)  ​regulatory molecule 
C)  ​substrate 
D)  ​coenzyme 
E)  cofactor​

Exam 5: Ground Rules of Metabolism

Compare and contrast facilitated and active transport.

The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following question by selecting the correct term. -fluid with a high solute concentration relative to another fluid

Which of the following is a form of active transport?​

In some cases, inhibitors or activators of enzyme-catalyzed reactions act by ____.

The items below are processes that occur during different cellular reaction or metabolic pathways. Answer the following question by selecting the correct term -This process occurs when an electron is received by an electron acceptor molecule, such as NADP+.

What is the key activity of panel II in the accompanying figure?​

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -allosteric enzyme​​

What is a key characteristic of enzyme behavior?​

What is the item labeled "C" in the accompanying figure?

The terms below relate to the movement of materials and membranes. Answer the following question by selecting the correct term. -spontaneous movement of molecules

What affects the rate of diffusion through a selectively permeable membrane? I.concentration gradient II.temperature III.molecular size

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -entropy​

What is the item labeled "B" in the accompanying figure?​

CO₂ and H₂O will not form glucose on their own because ____.

The enzyme responsible for breaking down alcohol is ____.

The items below are processes that occur during different cellular reaction or metabolic pathways. Answer the following question by selecting the correct term -This process occurs when an electron transport molecule gives up an electron.

An enzyme lowers activation energy by ____.

Endergonic reactions ____.

Allosteric enzymes ____.

In the image above, the substance indicated as "B" is a(n) ____.

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Gene Control

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizating Information About Species

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses - Bacteria - and Archaea

Protists - the Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution - the Invertibrates

Animal Evolution - the Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Filters

Which of the following is a form of active transport?

What is the key activity of panel II in the accompanying figure?

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -allosteric enzyme

What is a key characteristic of enzyme behavior?

Choose the one most appropriate answer for each. -entropy

What is the item labeled "B" in the accompanying figure?