Question 1

Which of the following statements would be true if the linkage between two traits were complete?

Accepted Answer

A) Only the parental combinations of phenotypes could appear in the progeny. 
B) The rules of independent assortment would hold true. 
C) Combinations of phenotypes different from those seen in the parents would be produced. 
D) The exchange of genetic material between chromosomes would be frequent. 
A) Only the parental combinations of phenotypes could appear in the progeny. 
B) The rules of independent assortment would hold true. 
C) Combinations of phenotypes different from those seen in the parents would be produced. 
D) The exchange of genetic material between chromosomes would be frequent. A

Question 2

Both members of a couple are carriers for a recessive disease allele. If the couple has four children, which of the following statements must be true?

Accepted Answer

A) One of the children has the disease. 
B) Two of the children have the disease. 
C) All of the male children have the disease. 
D) Fifty percent of the children could be carriers of the disease. 
A) One of the children has the disease. 
B) Two of the children have the disease. 
C) All of the male children have the disease. 
D) Fifty percent of the children could be carriers of the disease. D

Question 3

The chromosome theory of inheritance states that

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomes are made of DNA. 
B) genes are located on chromosomes. 
C) genes are inherited. 
D) patterns of inheritance are based on probability. 
A) chromosomes are made of DNA. 
B) genes are located on chromosomes. 
C) genes are inherited. 
D) patterns of inheritance are based on probability. B

Question 4

All genes on the same chromosome are linked.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

During cell division a piece of a chromosome breaks away and is added to the end of its homologue. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) duplication. 
B) inversion. 
C) translocation. 
D) deletion. 
A) duplication. 
B) inversion. 
C) translocation. 
D) deletion.

Question 6

Which of the following is true with regard to understanding the results of genetic testing?

Accepted Answer

A) If the test shows that you have the allele for a genetic disorder, you will, eventually, show symptoms of that disorder. 
B) If the test shows that you have the allele for a genetic disorder, you may be able to reduce your risk of developing that disorder with lifestyle changes. 
C) If the test shows that you do not carry the allele for a particular disorder, there is no chance that you will get that disorder. 
D) Because we know the functions of all the genes in the human genome, genetic tests can give you complete and accurate information regarding your medical health. 
A) If the test shows that you have the allele for a genetic disorder, you will, eventually, show symptoms of that disorder. 
B) If the test shows that you have the allele for a genetic disorder, you may be able to reduce your risk of developing that disorder with lifestyle changes. 
C) If the test shows that you do not carry the allele for a particular disorder, there is no chance that you will get that disorder. 
D) Because we know the functions of all the genes in the human genome, genetic tests can give you complete and accurate information regarding your medical health.

Question 7

Except for the circled pair, all the chromosomes in this figure are called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Except for the circled pair, all the...

Question 8

The diagram below demonstrates what happens during a change in chromosomal structure known as a deletion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The "actual results" in the experiment depicted in the figure below differ significantly from the "expected results" predicted by Mendel's laws because the gene for body color and the gene for wing length

Accepted Answer

A) are both recessive. 
B) are close together on a single chromosome. 
C) undergo independent assortment. 
D) are located on completely opposite ends of the same chromosome. 
A) are both recessive. 
B) are close together on a single chromosome. 
C) undergo independent assortment. 
D) are located on completely opposite ends of the same chromosome.

Question 10

Because chromosomal alterations like duplications often affect several genes, they tend to have serious impacts including slowed growth and mental retardation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The chance that any two siblings will be genetically identical is astronomically small.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Down syndrome results from trisomy of chromosome 21. Which of the following is not an example of how this may have happened?

Accepted Answer

A) translocation of chromosome 21 
B) failure of the homologous pair for chromosome 21 to separate in meiosis I 
C) inversion of a portion of chromosome 21 during S phase 
D) failure of the sister chromatids in a duplicated chromosome 21 to separate in meiosis II 
A) translocation of chromosome 21 
B) failure of the homologous pair for chromosome 21 to separate in meiosis I 
C) inversion of a portion of chromosome 21 during S phase 
D) failure of the sister chromatids in a duplicated chromosome 21 to separate in meiosis II

Question 13

Most inherited human genetic disorders are inherited as _____ alleles.

Accepted Answer

A) dominant 
B) autosomal 
C) recessive 
D) environmental 
A) dominant 
B) autosomal 
C) recessive 
D) environmental

Question 14

In humans, the "master switch" that determines whether an embryo will become a male is

Accepted Answer

A) the X chromosome. 
B) the SRY gene. 
C) found on chromosome 6. 
D) the AB⁺ gene. 
A) the X chromosome. 
B) the SRY gene. 
C) found on chromosome 6. 
D) the AB⁺ gene.

Question 15

Among children with parents who are both carriers of Tay-Sachs, an autosomal recessive disorder, chances are that

Accepted Answer

A) 75 percent will be carriers. 
B) 50 percent will die in a few years. 
C) 75 percent will not carry the recessive Tay-Sachs's allele. 
D) 50 percent will be carriers. 
A) 75 percent will be carriers. 
B) 50 percent will die in a few years. 
C) 75 percent will not carry the recessive Tay-Sachs's allele. 
D) 50 percent will be carriers.

Question 16

Chromosomes that are not involved in determining gender are known as

Accepted Answer

A) autosomes. 
B) sex chromosomes. 
C) homologous. 
D) linked. 
A) autosomes. 
B) sex chromosomes. 
C) homologous. 
D) linked.

Question 17

Even though it is deadly, the Huntington's disease allele can remain in the population, because

Accepted Answer

A) the dominant allele sometimes reverts to a recessive form. 
B) it is sex-linked to the male gamete, and females do not carry the allele. 
C) people with the disorder often live long enough to reproduce. 
D) it is autosomal and can be masked by a codominant harmless allele. 
A) the dominant allele sometimes reverts to a recessive form. 
B) it is sex-linked to the male gamete, and females do not carry the allele. 
C) people with the disorder often live long enough to reproduce. 
D) it is autosomal and can be masked by a codominant harmless allele.

Question 18

The diagrams below show the same cell, but the homologous pairs are arranged differently in each diagram. The different arrangements of the homologous pairs in version A as compared with version B provide an example of the concept of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

independen

Question 19

What is the effect of the independent assortment of chromosomes on the overall variety of individuals produced?

Accepted Answer

A) It increases the probable variation between individuals. 
B) It does not affect the probable variation between individuals. 
C) It decreases the probable variation between individuals. 
D) It causes excessive crossing-over within the genome. 
A) It increases the probable variation between individuals. 
B) It does not affect the probable variation between individuals. 
C) It decreases the probable variation between individuals. 
D) It causes excessive crossing-over within the genome.

Question 20

The allele responsible for causing Huntington's disease is

Accepted Answer

A) dominant. 
B) recessive. 
C) sex-linked. 
D) not heritable. 
A) dominant. 
B) recessive. 
C) sex-linked. 
D) not heritable.

Exam 13: Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Which of the following statements would be true if the linkage between two traits were complete?

Both members of a couple are carriers for a recessive disease allele. If the couple has four children, which of the following statements must be true?

The chromosome theory of inheritance states that

All genes on the same chromosome are linked.

During cell division a piece of a chromosome breaks away and is added to the end of its homologue. This is an example of

Which of the following is true with regard to understanding the results of genetic testing?

Except for the circled pair, all the chromosomes in this figure are called ____________________.

The diagram below demonstrates what happens during a change in chromosomal structure known as a deletion.

The "actual results" in the experiment depicted in the figure below differ significantly from the "expected results" predicted by Mendel's laws because the gene for body color and the gene for wing length

Because chromosomal alterations like duplications often affect several genes, they tend to have serious impacts including slowed growth and mental retardation.

The chance that any two siblings will be genetically identical is astronomically small.

Down syndrome results from trisomy of chromosome 21. Which of the following is not an example of how this may have happened?

Most inherited human genetic disorders are inherited as _____ alleles.

In humans, the "master switch" that determines whether an embryo will become a male is

Among children with parents who are both carriers of Tay-Sachs, an autosomal recessive disorder, chances are that

Chromosomes that are not involved in determining gender are known as

Even though it is deadly, the Huntington's disease allele can remain in the population, because

The diagrams below show the same cell, but the homologous pairs are arranged differently in each diagram. The different arrangements of the homologous pairs in version A as compared with version B provide an example of the concept of ____________________.

What is the effect of the independent assortment of chromosomes on the overall variety of individuals produced?

The allele responsible for causing Huntington's disease is

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