Question 1

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) Specific mutations occur because they are needed. 
B) Mutations only occur during development. 
C) All mutations are harmful. 
D) Gametes fuse without regard to which mutations they carry. 
A) Specific mutations occur because they are needed. 
B) Mutations only occur during development. 
C) All mutations are harmful. 
D) Gametes fuse without regard to which mutations they carry. D

Question 2

The individuals Mendel observed in the F₁ generations were always

Accepted Answer

A) homozygous recessive. 
B) homozygous dominant. 
C) heterozygous. 
D) codominant. 
A) homozygous recessive. 
B) homozygous dominant. 
C) heterozygous. 
D) codominant. C

Question 3

An allele is

Accepted Answer

A) a version of a gene. 
B) a trait that can be affected by the external environment. 
C) always codominant to its counterpart in another chromosome. 
D) the result of a change in phenotype. 
A) a version of a gene. 
B) a trait that can be affected by the external environment. 
C) always codominant to its counterpart in another chromosome. 
D) the result of a change in phenotype. A

Question 4

If a person has one copy of each of two different alleles for a given gene, the person is _____ for that trait.

Accepted Answer

A) heterozygous 
B) homozygous 
C) recessive 
D) true-breeding 
A) heterozygous 
B) homozygous 
C) recessive 
D) true-breeding

Question 5

Which of the following symbols correctly represents a person who has a homozygous genotype?

Accepted Answer

A) Ww 
B) WW 
C) XY 
D) Wx 
A) Ww 
B) WW 
C) XY 
D) Wx

Question 6

In the cross depicted below, two parent plants, one with red flowers and the other with white flowers produce pink offspring. The white and red alleles for flower color in this plant exhibit

Accepted Answer

A) homozygosity. 
B) codominance. 
C) pleiotrophy. 
D) incomplete dominance. 
A) homozygosity. 
B) codominance. 
C) pleiotrophy. 
D) incomplete dominance.

Question 7

When two individuals who are heterozygous for a gene are mated, we would predict a _____ ratio of dominant to recessive phenotype in the offspring.

Accepted Answer

A) 1:2:1 
B) 1:3 
C) 3:1 
D) 9:3:3:1 
A) 1:2:1 
B) 1:3 
C) 3:1 
D) 9:3:3:1

Question 8

If both copies of a given gene in an organism are identical, the organism is homozygous for that trait.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The plant shown in the image below would be considered a hybrid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Is it possible for two organisms with the same genotype to have different phenotypes?

Accepted Answer

A) No; identical genotypes lead to identical phenotypes. 
B) No; the DNA of the recessive alleles not expressed in the phenotype is degraded within each cell. 
C) Yes; the expression of the genotype can be affected by the environment. 
D) Yes; the phenotype expressed determines what the genotype will be. 
A) No; identical genotypes lead to identical phenotypes. 
B) No; the DNA of the recessive alleles not expressed in the phenotype is degraded within each cell. 
C) Yes; the expression of the genotype can be affected by the environment. 
D) Yes; the phenotype expressed determines what the genotype will be.

Question 11

The figure below shows three generations in one of Mendel's experiments. According to the data in this figure, Mendel's F₂ generation contains many more purple flowers than white flowers. Which of the following is the best explanation of this observation?

Accepted Answer

A) Three-quarters of the offspring must receive the white allele. 
B) The chance of an individual offspring receiving a white allele is only 25 percent. 
C) The probability of any individual offspring receiving a copy of the purple allele is 3:1. 
D) The white allele is only dominant in about 25 percent of the offspring that inherit it. 
A) Three-quarters of the offspring must receive the white allele. 
B) The chance of an individual offspring receiving a white allele is only 25 percent. 
C) The probability of any individual offspring receiving a copy of the purple allele is 3:1. 
D) The white allele is only dominant in about 25 percent of the offspring that inherit it.

Question 12

Feather color in a certain species of bird is controlled by a pair of alleles that exhibit incomplete dominance. If birds that are homozygous for one allele are black and birds that are homozygous for the other allele are white, then heterozygous birds would be

Accepted Answer

A) black. 
B) white. 
C) gray. 
D) black with white stripes. 
A) black. 
B) white. 
C) gray. 
D) black with white stripes.

Question 13

____________________ dominance is expressed in a genetic cross in which the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ dominance is expressed in a genetic...

Question 14

Humans have many genes that contribute to the unique array of proteins found on their red blood cells. Your MN blood type (the letters indicate the presence of M and N proteins on the red blood cells)is determined by the codominant alleles Lᴹ and Lᴺ. Which of the following genotypes could be produced when a man with MN blood and a woman with MN blood mate?

Accepted Answer

A) LMLM 
B) LMLN 
C) LNLN 
D) all of the above 
A) LMLM 
B) LMLN 
C) LNLN 
D) all of the above

Question 15

The genetic makeup of an organism, such as Gg, is its ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The genetic makeup of an organism, such...

Question 16

The individuals in the image below exhibit a variety of physical, biochemical, and behavioral characteristics that are based on their DNA sequences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The chance of a parent's passing on a given allele to a child _____ each time he or she has another child.

Accepted Answer

A) is reduced 
B) is increased 
C) is the same 
D) changes 
A) is reduced 
B) is increased 
C) is the same 
D) changes

Question 18

A thoroughbred racehorse could have at most _____ alleles of the same gene.

Accepted Answer

A) 16 
B) 8 
C) 4 
D) 2 
A) 16 
B) 8 
C) 4 
D) 2

Question 19

According to Mendel's law of ____________________, when gametes are formed, the separation of alleles for one gene is unrelated to the separation of alleles for other genes.

Accepted Answer

independen

Question 20

The best way to get accurate results from a probability exercise is to

Accepted Answer

A) choose an example with incomplete dominance. 
B) know the answer in advance. 
C) choose an example that will come out 50-50. 
D) make a large number of observations. 
A) choose an example with incomplete dominance. 
B) know the answer in advance. 
C) choose an example that will come out 50-50. 
D) make a large number of observations.

Exam 12: Patterns of Inheritance

Which of the following statements is true?

The individuals Mendel observed in the F₁ generations were always

An allele is

If a person has one copy of each of two different alleles for a given gene, the person is _____ for that trait.

Which of the following symbols correctly represents a person who has a homozygous genotype?

In the cross depicted below, two parent plants, one with red flowers and the other with white flowers produce pink offspring. The white and red alleles for flower color in this plant exhibit

When two individuals who are heterozygous for a gene are mated, we would predict a _____ ratio of dominant to recessive phenotype in the offspring.

If both copies of a given gene in an organism are identical, the organism is homozygous for that trait.

The plant shown in the image below would be considered a hybrid.

Is it possible for two organisms with the same genotype to have different phenotypes?

The figure below shows three generations in one of Mendel's experiments. According to the data in this figure, Mendel's F₂ generation contains many more purple flowers than white flowers. Which of the following is the best explanation of this observation?

Feather color in a certain species of bird is controlled by a pair of alleles that exhibit incomplete dominance. If birds that are homozygous for one allele are black and birds that are homozygous for the other allele are white, then heterozygous birds would be

____________________ dominance is expressed in a genetic cross in which the heterozygous phenotype is intermediate between the two homozygous phenotypes.

The genetic makeup of an organism, such as Gg, is its ____________________.

The individuals in the image below exhibit a variety of physical, biochemical, and behavioral characteristics that are based on their DNA sequences.

The chance of a parent's passing on a given allele to a child _____ each time he or she has another child.

A thoroughbred racehorse could have at most _____ alleles of the same gene.

According to Mendel's law of ____________________, when gametes are formed, the separation of alleles for one gene is unrelated to the separation of alleles for other genes.

The best way to get accurate results from a probability exercise is to

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

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