Question 1

Which of the following is not a cause of evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) mutation 
B) gene flow 
C) stable environmental conditions 
D) sexual selection 
A) mutation 
B) gene flow 
C) stable environmental conditions 
D) sexual selection C

Question 2

The Hardy-Weinberg equation can be used to determine the genotype frequencies of a population that is not evolving.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

____________________ are the original source of genetic variation within a population.

Accepted Answer

Mutations

Question 4

While on a camping trip, you collect a white tadpole from a pond and take it home. The tadpole develops into a white bullfrog. When the frog gets too big, you release it into a local pond. The next year, several white bullfrogs are observed in the pond. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) genetic drift. 
B) natural selection. 
C) gene flow. 
D) sexual selection. 
A) genetic drift. 
B) natural selection. 
C) gene flow. 
D) sexual selection.

Question 5

Which of the following is not a mode of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A) directional selection 
B) disruptive selection 
C) dormant selection 
D) stabilizing selection 
A) directional selection 
B) disruptive selection 
C) dormant selection 
D) stabilizing selection

Question 6

The geese shown in the figure below are all members of the same population. What is the genotype frequency of AA?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.29 
B) 0.57 
C) 0.71 
D) 0.43 
A) 0.29 
B) 0.57 
C) 0.71 
D) 0.43

Question 7

In your backyard, you step on a dandelion and one of its seeds gets trapped in the tread of your shoes. The next day, you go on a long hike in the wilderness wearing the same shoes. When you step in a mud puddle, the seed sticks in the mud. The seed grows into a dandelion, but no other dandelions are present to mate with it. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) gene flow. 
B) genetic drift. 
C) natural selection. 
D) sexual selection. 
A) gene flow. 
B) genetic drift. 
C) natural selection. 
D) sexual selection.

Question 8

The frequency of the genotype aa in a population is 0.09. What is the frequency of the allele a in the population?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.7 
B) 0.81 
C) 0.3 
D) 0.0081 
A) 0.7 
B) 0.81 
C) 0.3 
D) 0.0081

Question 9

Which of the following is true with regard to mutations?

Accepted Answer

A) Mutations occur in response to environmental pressures. 
B) Mutations are more common in slowly growing organisms. 
C) Mutations appear without regard to environmental pressures. 
D) Several mutations must occur at one time for a new phenotype to appear. 
A) Mutations occur in response to environmental pressures. 
B) Mutations are more common in slowly growing organisms. 
C) Mutations appear without regard to environmental pressures. 
D) Several mutations must occur at one time for a new phenotype to appear.

Question 10

How do natural selection and sexual selection differ?

Accepted Answer

A) Natural selection increases the frequency of alleles that contribute to survival, but sexual selection may increase the frequency of alleles that are not beneficial to survival. 
B) Natural selection contributes to genetic drift, but sexual selection contributes to gene flow. 
C) Natural selection is more random than sexual selection. 
D) Natural selection increases the fitness of an allele, but sexual selection increases the dimorphism of an allele. 
A) Natural selection increases the frequency of alleles that contribute to survival, but sexual selection may increase the frequency of alleles that are not beneficial to survival. 
B) Natural selection contributes to genetic drift, but sexual selection contributes to gene flow. 
C) Natural selection is more random than sexual selection. 
D) Natural selection increases the fitness of an allele, but sexual selection increases the dimorphism of an allele.

Question 11

The Amish people began as a colony of just 200 settlers in America. The fact that Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, a genetic disorder also known as six-fingered dwarfism, is more common among the Amish than other human populations is probably a result of founder effect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Gene flow between two populations

Accepted Answer

A) makes the genetic composition of the two populations more similar. 
B) eliminates harmful alleles. 
C) magnifies the effects of genetic drift. 
D) creates genetic differences between the populations. 
A) makes the genetic composition of the two populations more similar. 
B) eliminates harmful alleles. 
C) magnifies the effects of genetic drift. 
D) creates genetic differences between the populations.

Question 13

What is genetic drift?

Accepted Answer

A) gene mutation within, or between, populations 
B) chance evolutionary change occurring in small populations 
C) natural selection acting on large populations 
D) shifts in allelic frequencies due to mutation 
A) gene mutation within, or between, populations 
B) chance evolutionary change occurring in small populations 
C) natural selection acting on large populations 
D) shifts in allelic frequencies due to mutation

Question 14

In natural selection, _____ that increase survival and reproductive success become more common in a population.

Accepted Answer

A) genotypes 
B) allele frequencies 
C) bottlenecks 
D) phenotypes 
A) genotypes 
B) allele frequencies 
C) bottlenecks 
D) phenotypes

Question 15

The shape of the graph below indicates that birth weight is an example of ____________________ selection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The shape of the graph below indicates...

Question 16

The four mechanisms that cause microevolution include gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection, and directional selection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

In fish undergoing sexual selection, females are more likely to mate with males lacking coloration because brightly colored males are more visible to predators.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The human allele that causes six fingers per hand is dominant over the allele that produces five fingers per hand, yet most humans have five fingers per hand. Why is this so?

Accepted Answer

A) A Punnett square shows this situation to be impossible. 
B) The F2 generation never expresses the dominant trait. 
C) The heterozygote expresses the recessive trait. 
D) The six-finger allele exists at a low frequency in the human population. 
A) A Punnett square shows this situation to be impossible. 
B) The F2 generation never expresses the dominant trait. 
C) The heterozygote expresses the recessive trait. 
D) The six-finger allele exists at a low frequency in the human population.

Question 19

According to the figure below, the r allele is less frequent in generation II of this flower population. The frequency of r decreases in this population because

Accepted Answer

A) of genetic drift. 
B) recessive alleles are always less common than dominant alleles. 
C) p + q must always equal 1. 
D) R alleles are more likely to "hide" r alleles in generation II. 
A) of genetic drift. 
B) recessive alleles are always less common than dominant alleles. 
C) p + q must always equal 1. 
D) R alleles are more likely to "hide" r alleles in generation II.

Question 20

A population of 8,250 mice occupies the sand dunes in a coastal area. A severe hurricane washes out several miles of sand dunes. As a result, only 50 mice remain. The population has experienced

Accepted Answer

A) horizontal gene transfer. 
B) gene flow. 
C) founder effect. 
D) a bottleneck. 
A) horizontal gene transfer. 
B) gene flow. 
C) founder effect. 
D) a bottleneck.

Exam 18: Evolution of Populations

Which of the following is not a cause of evolution?

The Hardy-Weinberg equation can be used to determine the genotype frequencies of a population that is not evolving.

____________________ are the original source of genetic variation within a population.

While on a camping trip, you collect a white tadpole from a pond and take it home. The tadpole develops into a white bullfrog. When the frog gets too big, you release it into a local pond. The next year, several white bullfrogs are observed in the pond. This is an example of

Which of the following is not a mode of natural selection?

The geese shown in the figure below are all members of the same population. What is the genotype frequency of AA?

The frequency of the genotype aa in a population is 0.09. What is the frequency of the allele a in the population?

Which of the following is true with regard to mutations?

How do natural selection and sexual selection differ?

The Amish people began as a colony of just 200 settlers in America. The fact that Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, a genetic disorder also known as six-fingered dwarfism, is more common among the Amish than other human populations is probably a result of founder effect.

Gene flow between two populations

What is genetic drift?

In natural selection, _____ that increase survival and reproductive success become more common in a population.

The shape of the graph below indicates that birth weight is an example of ____________________ selection.

The four mechanisms that cause microevolution include gene flow, genetic drift, natural selection, and directional selection.

In fish undergoing sexual selection, females are more likely to mate with males lacking coloration because brightly colored males are more visible to predators.

The human allele that causes six fingers per hand is dominant over the allele that produces five fingers per hand, yet most humans have five fingers per hand. Why is this so?

According to the figure below, the r allele is less frequent in generation II of this flower population. The frequency of r decreases in this population because

A population of 8,250 mice occupies the sand dunes in a coastal area. A severe hurricane washes out several miles of sand dunes. As a result, only 50 mice remain. The population has experienced

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