Question 1

A ____________________ is the series of bases in mRNA that specifies a single amino acid.

Accepted Answer

codon

Question 2

Which of the lettered arrows in the diagram below of translation indicates a codon?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D D

Question 3

Which molecules are involved in translation?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA and RNA 
B) mDNA, tDNA, and rDNA 
C) mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA 
D) proteins, amino acids, and DNA 
A) DNA and RNA 
B) mDNA, tDNA, and rDNA 
C) mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA 
D) proteins, amino acids, and DNA C

Question 4

If a eukaryotic protein is to function properly ____________________ must be removed from the initial mRNA molecule and the remaining ____________________ must be joined together before translation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a eukaryotic protein is to function...

Question 5

Each time transcription occurs, all of the DNA in a cell is copied.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The information in a gene is encoded by the

Accepted Answer

A) introns of eukaryotic cells. 
B) amino acids that make up the genes. 
C) base sequences of the gene's DNA. 
D) rRNA that transfers amino acids to ribosomes. 
A) introns of eukaryotic cells. 
B) amino acids that make up the genes. 
C) base sequences of the gene's DNA. 
D) rRNA that transfers amino acids to ribosomes.

Question 7

If a particular stretch of DNA has the base sequence TAC, what will be the base sequence of the anticodon of the tRNA that carries the amino acid encoded by that stretch of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) TAC 
B) UAC 
C) ATG 
D) GUC 
A) TAC 
B) UAC 
C) ATG 
D) GUC

Question 8

During transcription,

Accepted Answer

A) the DNA strands replicate, producing four mRNA molecules. 
B) each strand in the DNA molecule directs the production of an mRNA molecule. 
C) a template strand of DNA directs the production of an mRNA molecule. 
D) a template strand of DNA directs the production of all of the tRNA molecules needed for producing the gene's protein product. 
A) the DNA strands replicate, producing four mRNA molecules. 
B) each strand in the DNA molecule directs the production of an mRNA molecule. 
C) a template strand of DNA directs the production of an mRNA molecule. 
D) a template strand of DNA directs the production of all of the tRNA molecules needed for producing the gene's protein product.

Question 9

The sugar molecule present in RNA is

Accepted Answer

A) uracil. 
B) deoxyribose. 
C) ribose. 
D) sucrose. 
A) uracil. 
B) deoxyribose. 
C) ribose. 
D) sucrose.

Question 10

A tRNA molecule produced in a laboratory has the anticodon for the amino acid serine, but carries the amino acid lysine. When it reaches the serine codon on a molecule of mRNA where translation is under way, what is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) It will not bind with the codon on the mRNA molecule. 
B) A potentially dysfunctional protein will result. 
C) A proofreading enzyme will change lysine to serine. 
D) Translation will stop. 
A) It will not bind with the codon on the mRNA molecule. 
B) A potentially dysfunctional protein will result. 
C) A proofreading enzyme will change lysine to serine. 
D) Translation will stop.

Question 11

A gene affects an organism's phenotype by controlling

Accepted Answer

A) protein production. 
B) the mutation rate. 
C) the organism's environment. 
D) the organism's ribosomes. 
A) protein production. 
B) the mutation rate. 
C) the organism's environment. 
D) the organism's ribosomes.

Question 12

The key enzyme used during transcription is

Accepted Answer

A) RNA polymerase. 
B) DNA polymerase. 
C) rRNA. 
D) terminase. 
A) RNA polymerase. 
B) DNA polymerase. 
C) rRNA. 
D) terminase.

Question 13

If a molecule of mRNA is a sentence, its bases are the letters and the codons are the ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a molecule of mRNA is a...

Question 14

Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles and thus do not have nuclei. Therefore,

Accepted Answer

A) prokaryotes are unable to undergo transcription and translation. 
B) prokaryotic cells do not need to undergo translation. 
C) prokaryotic transcription and translation both take place in the cytoplasm. 
D) prokaryotes are unable to replicate their DNA. 
A) prokaryotes are unable to undergo transcription and translation. 
B) prokaryotic cells do not need to undergo translation. 
C) prokaryotic transcription and translation both take place in the cytoplasm. 
D) prokaryotes are unable to replicate their DNA.

Question 15

The order of the bases in DNA determines the order of the

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids in DNA. 
B) bases in a protein. 
C) amino acids in mRNA. 
D) bases in mRNA. 
A) amino acids in DNA. 
B) bases in a protein. 
C) amino acids in mRNA. 
D) bases in mRNA.

Question 16

Which of the following would be found only in RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) deoxyribose and uracil 
B) ribose and thymine 
C) ribose and uracil 
D) deoxyribose and thymine 
A) deoxyribose and uracil 
B) ribose and thymine 
C) ribose and uracil 
D) deoxyribose and thymine

Question 17

A(n)____________________ determines the number of copies of a gene that are transcribed.

Accepted Answer

transcript

Question 18

Which of the following is true of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A) It destroys the DNA template. 
B) The DNA molecule must unwind. 
C) Base pairing is unimportant. 
D) The end result is a protein. 
A) It destroys the DNA template. 
B) The DNA molecule must unwind. 
C) Base pairing is unimportant. 
D) The end result is a protein.

Question 19

A potential danger of a mutation to an organism is that

Accepted Answer

A) it can affect codons within the spacer DNA. 
B) all mutations are fatal. 
C) it can cause a change in the function of a gene's protein product. 
D) it can increase the length of the introns of that organism's genome. 
A) it can affect codons within the spacer DNA. 
B) all mutations are fatal. 
C) it can cause a change in the function of a gene's protein product. 
D) it can increase the length of the introns of that organism's genome.

Question 20

The base sequence of mRNA specifies the sequence of amino acids in a ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The base sequence of mRNA specifies the...

Exam 15: From Gene to Protein

A ____________________ is the series of bases in mRNA that specifies a single amino acid.

Which of the lettered arrows in the diagram below of translation indicates a codon?

Which molecules are involved in translation?

If a eukaryotic protein is to function properly ____________________ must be removed from the initial mRNA molecule and the remaining ____________________ must be joined together before translation.

Each time transcription occurs, all of the DNA in a cell is copied.

The information in a gene is encoded by the

If a particular stretch of DNA has the base sequence TAC, what will be the base sequence of the anticodon of the tRNA that carries the amino acid encoded by that stretch of DNA?

During transcription,

The sugar molecule present in RNA is

A tRNA molecule produced in a laboratory has the anticodon for the amino acid serine, but carries the amino acid lysine. When it reaches the serine codon on a molecule of mRNA where translation is under way, what is the most likely outcome?

A gene affects an organism's phenotype by controlling

The key enzyme used during transcription is

If a molecule of mRNA is a sentence, its bases are the letters and the codons are the ____________________.

Prokaryotes lack membrane-bound organelles and thus do not have nuclei. Therefore,

The order of the bases in DNA determines the order of the

Which of the following would be found only in RNA?

A(n)____________________ determines the number of copies of a gene that are transcribed.

Which of the following is true of transcription?

A potential danger of a mutation to an organism is that

The base sequence of mRNA specifies the sequence of amino acids in a ____________________.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Stem Cells, Cancer, and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Dna and Genes

Dna Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Speciation and the Origins of Biological Diversity

The Evolutionary History of Life

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses Against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

Filters

If a eukaryotic protein is to function properly must be removed from the initial mRNA molecule and the remaining must be joined together before translation.