Question 1

During the energy investment phase of glycolysis there is a decrease of free energy that allows later reactions to be exergonic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Cellular respiration produces the most chemical in the form of ATP from which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the electron transport chain 
B)  the citric acid cycle 
C)  substrate-level phosphorylation 
D)  glycolysis 
E)  oxidative phosphorylation 
A)  the electron transport chain 
B)  the citric acid cycle 
C)  substrate-level phosphorylation 
D)  glycolysis 
E)  oxidative phosphorylation E

Question 3

Which of the following is INCORRECT for ethanol fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A source of organic sugar is required, for instance from malt. 
B)  Results in a net production of NADH. 
C)  Glucose is oxidized to pyruvate as one of the steps. 
D)  Carbon dioxide and ATP are produced. 
E)  NADH is used to reduce acetaldehyde to ethanol. 
A)  A source of organic sugar is required, for instance from malt. 
B)  Results in a net production of NADH. 
C)  Glucose is oxidized to pyruvate as one of the steps. 
D)  Carbon dioxide and ATP are produced. 
E)  NADH is used to reduce acetaldehyde to ethanol. B

Question 4

In the citric acid cycle, succinate is oxidized to form

Accepted Answer

A)  fumarate. 
B)  succinate. 
C)  citrate. 
D)  malate. 
E)  oxaloacetate. 
A)  fumarate. 
B)  succinate. 
C)  citrate. 
D)  malate. 
E)  oxaloacetate.

Question 5

The equation, C6H12O6 + 6O2 ?6CO2 + 6H2O (ATP + Heat), describes a reaction that

Accepted Answer

A)  is endergonic. 
B)  requires energy. 
C)  occurs in plants only. 
D)  is exergonic. 
E)  is anabolic. 
A)  is endergonic. 
B)  requires energy. 
C)  occurs in plants only. 
D)  is exergonic. 
E)  is anabolic.

Question 6

Which of the following statements is TRUE of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both use glycolysis to oxidize glucose to pyruvate. 
B)  Both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates. 
C)  Both produce either lactic acid or enthanol as a bioproduct. 
D)  Both use glycolysis to oxidize glucose to pyruvate and both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates. 
E)  Both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates and both produce either lactic acid or enthanol as a bioproduct. 
A)  Both use glycolysis to oxidize glucose to pyruvate. 
B)  Both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates. 
C)  Both produce either lactic acid or enthanol as a bioproduct. 
D)  Both use glycolysis to oxidize glucose to pyruvate and both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates. 
E)  Both produce NADH as high-energy intermediates and both produce either lactic acid or enthanol as a bioproduct.

Question 7

Which of the following does NOT occur during yeast fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acetylaldehyde is reduced to make ethanol. 
B)  Decrease in NADH. 
C)  Lactate is produced. 
D)  Pyruvate is broken down into CO2 and acetylaldehyde. 
E)  NADH is oxidized to NAD+ 
A)  Acetylaldehyde is reduced to make ethanol. 
B)  Decrease in NADH. 
C)  Lactate is produced. 
D)  Pyruvate is broken down into CO2 and acetylaldehyde. 
E)  NADH is oxidized to NAD+

Question 8

The aerobic breakdown of glucose yields 34 to 38 ATP, while the anaerobic breakdown of glucose yields 20 ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Vanillin is to flavonoids as atropine is to

Accepted Answer

A)  flavonoids. 
B)  terpenoids. 
C)  polyketides. 
D)  alkoloids. 
E)  B-carotenes. 
A)  flavonoids. 
B)  terpenoids. 
C)  polyketides. 
D)  alkoloids. 
E)  B-carotenes.

Question 10

Which of the following function: location relationship is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetyl CoA formation; cytosol 
B)  citric acid cycle; mitochondria matrix 
C)  oxidative phosphorylation; mitochondria inner membrane 
D)  glycolysis; cytosol 
E)  electron transport chain and ATP synthase; mitochondria inner membrane 
A)  acetyl CoA formation; cytosol 
B)  citric acid cycle; mitochondria matrix 
C)  oxidative phosphorylation; mitochondria inner membrane 
D)  glycolysis; cytosol 
E)  electron transport chain and ATP synthase; mitochondria inner membrane

Question 11

NADH and FADH2 donate their electrons to protein complex I.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Secondary metabolites like caffeine are produced mainly from plant sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The proton motive force is key to chemiosis because the H+ electrochemical gradient is lower in the intermembrane space than inside the matrix.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

When a molecule of NAD+ (nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom, the molecule becomes reduced.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which compound has the highest free energy and produces the most ATP when oxidized?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetyl CoA 
B)  glucose 
C)  pyruvate 
D)  carbon 
E)  both pyruvate and carbon 
A)  acetyl CoA 
B)  glucose 
C)  pyruvate 
D)  carbon 
E)  both pyruvate and carbon

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a process of aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  citric acid cycle 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  acetyl CoA formation 
D)  oxidative phosphorylation 
E)  lactate fermentation 
A)  citric acid cycle 
B)  glycolysis 
C)  acetyl CoA formation 
D)  oxidative phosphorylation 
E)  lactate fermentation

Question 17

The enzyme responsible for oxidizing pyruvate once it enters the mitochondrial matrix is

Accepted Answer

A)  pyruvate oxidase 
B)  pyruvate dehydrogenase. 
C)  hexokinase 
D)  ATP synthase. 
E)  peptidase. 
A)  pyruvate oxidase 
B)  pyruvate dehydrogenase. 
C)  hexokinase 
D)  ATP synthase. 
E)  peptidase.

Question 18

Proteins and fats may be used as energy sources to drive aerobic respiration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which would be TRUE if a metabolic poison were to completely inhibit the function of mitochondrial ATP synthase?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane would decrease. 
B)  The pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane would increase. 
C)  ATP synthesis would increase. 
D)  Oxygen consumption would decrease. 
E)  The accumulation of NADH would increase. 
A)  The pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane would decrease. 
B)  The pH difference across the inner mitochondrial membrane would increase. 
C)  ATP synthesis would increase. 
D)  Oxygen consumption would decrease. 
E)  The accumulation of NADH would increase.

Question 20

Which pathway shows the correct path of electron transfer from a molecule of NADH?

Accepted Answer

A)  NADH hydrogenase ? ubiquinone ? cytochrome oxidase ? cytochrome b-c1 ? cytochrome c ? O2 
B)  NADH hydrogenase ? ubiquinone ? cytochrome c ? cytochrome b-c1? cytochrome oxidase ? O2 
C)  ubiquinone ? cytochrome b-c1? cytochrome c ? cytochrome oxidase ? NADH hydrogenase ? O2 
D)  NADH hydrogenase ? ubiquinone ? cytochrome b-c1? cytochrome c ? cytochrome oxidase ? O2 
E)  ubiquinone ? cytochrome b-c1? cytochrome c ? NADH hydrogenase ? cytochrome oxidase ? O2 
A)  NADH hydrogenase ? ubiquinone ? cytochrome oxidase ? cytochrome b-c1 ? cytochrome c ? O2 
B)  NADH hydrogenase ? ubiquinone ? cytochrome c ? cytochrome b-c1? cytochrome oxidase ? O2 
C)  ubiquinone ? cytochrome b-c1? cytochrome c ? cytochrome oxidase ? NADH hydrogenase ? O2 
D)  NADH hydrogenase ? ubiquinone ? cytochrome b-c1? cytochrome c ? cytochrome oxidase ? O2 
E)  ubiquinone ? cytochrome b-c1? cytochrome c ? NADH hydrogenase ? cytochrome oxidase ? O2

Exam 7: Cellular Respiration, Fermentation, and Secondary Metabolism

During the energy investment phase of glycolysis there is a decrease of free energy that allows later reactions to be exergonic.

Cellular respiration produces the most chemical in the form of ATP from which of the following?

Which of the following is INCORRECT for ethanol fermentation?

In the citric acid cycle, succinate is oxidized to form

The equation, C6H12O6 + 6O2 ?6CO2 + 6H2O (ATP + Heat), describes a reaction that

Which of the following statements is TRUE of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Which of the following does NOT occur during yeast fermentation?

The aerobic breakdown of glucose yields 34 to 38 ATP, while the anaerobic breakdown of glucose yields 20 ATP.

Vanillin is to flavonoids as atropine is to

Which of the following function: location relationship is INCORRECT?

NADH and FADH2 donate their electrons to protein complex I.

Secondary metabolites like caffeine are produced mainly from plant sources.

The proton motive force is key to chemiosis because the H+ electrochemical gradient is lower in the intermembrane space than inside the matrix.

When a molecule of NAD+ (nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom, the molecule becomes reduced.

Which compound has the highest free energy and produces the most ATP when oxidized?

Which of the following is NOT a process of aerobic respiration?

The enzyme responsible for oxidizing pyruvate once it enters the mitochondrial matrix is

Proteins and fats may be used as energy sources to drive aerobic respiration.

Which would be TRUE if a metabolic poison were to completely inhibit the function of mitochondrial ATP synthase?

Which pathway shows the correct path of electron transfer from a molecule of NADH?

An Introduction to Biology

The Chemical Basis of Life I: Atoms, Molecules, and Water

The Chemical Basis of Life II: Organic Molecules

General Features of Cells

Membrane Structure, Synthesis, and Transport

An Introduction to Energy, Enzymes, and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Multicellularity

Nucleic Acid Structure, DNA Replication, and Chromosome Structure

Gene Expression at the Molecular Level

Gene Regulation

Mutation, DNA Repair, and Cancer

The Eukaryotic Cell Cycle, Mitosis, and Meiosis

Simple Patterns of Inheritance

Complex Patterns of Inheritance

Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

Developmental Genetics

Genetic Technology

Genomes, Proteomes, and Bioinformatics

The Origin and History of Life

An Introduction to Evolution

Population Genetics

Origin of Species and Macroevolution

Taxonomy and Systematics

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plants and the Conquest of Land

The Evolution and Diversity of Modern Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

The Invertebrates

The Vertebrates

An Introduction to Flowering Plant Form and Function

Flowering Plants: Behavior

Flowering Plants: Nutrition

Flowering Plants: Transport

Flowering Plants: Reproduction

Introduction to Animal Form and Function

Neuroscience I: Cells of the Nervous System

Neuroscience Ii: Evolution and Function of the Brain and Nervous Systems

Neuroscience Iii: Sensory Systems

The Muscular-Skeletal System and Locomotion

Nutrition, Digestion, and Absorption

Control of Energy Balance, Metabolic Rate, and Body Temperature

Circulatory Systems

Respiratory Systems

Excretory Systems and Salt and Water Balance

Endocrine Systems

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Immune Systems

An Introduction to Ecology and Biomes

Behavioral Ecology

Population Ecology

Species Interactions

Community Ecology

Ecosystems Ecology

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

The equation, C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ ?6CO₂ + 6H₂O (ATP + Heat), describes a reaction that

NADH and FADH₂ donate their electrons to protein complex I.

The proton motive force is key to chemiosis because the H⁺ electrochemical gradient is lower in the intermembrane space than inside the matrix.

When a molecule of NAD⁺ (nicontinamide adenine dinucleotide) gains a hydrogen atom, the molecule becomes reduced.