Exam 5: Attitudes and Attitude Change

Two ways to guard against persuasive attempts are supportive defense and ________ defense.

The ________ component of an attitude consists of the thoughts (including facts, knowledge, and beliefs) a person has about an attitude object.

Petty and Cacioppo's (1986) elaboration-likelihood model of persuasion argues that sometimes people are influenced by the superficial cues of an argument, without evaluating the quality of the argument. This is referred to as

Dissonance appears to be most consistently aroused when the attitudes and behaviors that are dissonant are not important to the self.

Which is NOT a way that people attempt to reduce dissonance?

Research on the effects of repetition suggests that attitude change is greatest when

Statements that are extremely discrepant from our own beliefs can cause us to doubt the credibility of the source rather than cause us to change our attitudes.

Balance theory maintains that imbalanced configurations tend to change toward balanced ones.

A confirmed smoker decides the Surgeon General's warning means that people should decrease, rather than quit, smoking. This is an example of

A psychologist who studies attitudes claims that attitudes are simply habits, and they are acquired through association and imitation. Which theory does the psychologist endorse?

Imagine that a researcher asks you to perform a dull task and then pays you to lie by telling a prospective subject that the task was enjoyable. The principle of insufficient justification says that you should come to see the task as _____ when you are paid _____.

The more people favorably evaluate the communicator, the more they modify their attitudes in the direction of the communication.

Credibility consists of assessments of __________.

We are most likely to change our attitudes to agree with those of the people we like.

Communications attributed to low-credibility sources produced more attitude change than those from high-credibility sources.

The __________ finds that repeated exposure to any stimulus increases the positive affect experienced about the stimulus.

The aversive motivational state that results when some behavior we engage in is inconsistent with our attitudes is known as

Describe in detail at least one way that attitude formation or change differs across cultures.

Explain the significance of commitment in determining whether or not a person will change an attitude.

Louisa hears a convicted felon outlining the arguments against capital punishment. Several weeks later, although she can no longer remember the source of the arguments, she finds that she is persuaded by some of his arguments. This is an example of