Question 1

Organization of data depends on the research design, the number of variables that were observed and recorded, and how observations were grouped or subdivided.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

A monotonic relationship is one in which a functional relationship changes direction several times.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Why is it a good idea to explore your data using EDA techniques before you conduct any statistical tests?

Accepted Answer

A)  They help spot serious defects in your data that may warrant taking corrective action before you proceed to the inferential analysis. 
B)  They can help you determine which summary statistics would be appropriate for a given set of data. 
C)  They may reveal unsuspected influences. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  They help spot serious defects in your data that may warrant taking corrective action before you proceed to the inferential analysis. 
B)  They can help you determine which summary statistics would be appropriate for a given set of data. 
C)  They may reveal unsuspected influences. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. D

Question 4

The Pearson r is insensitive to the shapes of the score distributions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The most popular measure of spread is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  standard deviation. 
B)  variance. 
C)  interquartile range. 
D)  range. 
A)  standard deviation. 
B)  variance. 
C)  interquartile range. 
D)  range.

Question 6

When a curve levels off at some maximum or minimum value, the function is said to be _____ at that value.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonlinear 
B)  nonmonotonic 
C)  positively accelerated 
D)  asymptotic 
A)  nonlinear 
B)  nonmonotonic 
C)  positively accelerated 
D)  asymptotic

Question 7

A set of mutually exclusive categories (classes) together with a count of the number of data values falling into each category is termed a:

Accepted Answer

A)  sorted list. 
B)  cumulative distribution. 
C)  frequency distribution. 
D)  scatter plot. 
A)  sorted list. 
B)  cumulative distribution. 
C)  frequency distribution. 
D)  scatter plot.

Question 8

For quantitative data (e.g., the number of milligrams of a drug), coding your data involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  dummy coding. 
B)  transferring each subject's score to a computer coding sheet. 
C)  assigning numeric values to categorical data. 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  dummy coding. 
B)  transferring each subject's score to a computer coding sheet. 
C)  assigning numeric values to categorical data. 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 9

A correlation matrix results when you:

Accepted Answer

A)  compute all possible correlations among a number of variables. 
B)  enter your scores into a linear regression analysis. 
C)  compute beta weights for all your variables. 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  compute all possible correlations among a number of variables. 
B)  enter your scores into a linear regression analysis. 
C)  compute beta weights for all your variables. 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 10

If data are scaled on an interval or ratio scale, the mean becomes a less representative measure of center when:

Accepted Answer

A)  there are more than 10 scores in a distribution. 
B)  there are less than 5 scores in a distribution. 
C)  the mean and median are equal. 
D)  the distribution of scores is strongly skewed. 
A)  there are more than 10 scores in a distribution. 
B)  there are less than 5 scores in a distribution. 
C)  the mean and median are equal. 
D)  the distribution of scores is strongly skewed.

Question 11

The best-fitting straight line on a scatter plot that minimizes the sum of the squared deviations of each data point from the line is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  standard error line. 
B)  optimal line. 
C)  least-squares regression line. 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  standard error line. 
B)  optimal line. 
C)  least-squares regression line. 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 12

Compare and contrast the use of grouped data versus individual scores when evaluating results. What are the strengths and limitations of each?

Accepted Answer

Grouped data and individual scores are b

Question 13

Dummy coding involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  assignment of numbers to the levels of a qualitative independent variable. 
B)  creating new variables based on the values of the old ones. 
C)  categorizing dependent variables according to their magnitudes. 
D)  None of the answers is correct. 
A)  assignment of numbers to the levels of a qualitative independent variable. 
B)  creating new variables based on the values of the old ones. 
C)  categorizing dependent variables according to their magnitudes. 
D)  None of the answers is correct.

Question 14

In a positively skewed distribution, the mean:

Accepted Answer

A)  underestimates the center. 
B)  overestimates the center. 
C)  is as accurate a measure of the center as is the median. 
D)  accurately represents central tendency. 
A)  underestimates the center. 
B)  overestimates the center. 
C)  is as accurate a measure of the center as is the median. 
D)  accurately represents central tendency.

Question 15

A distribution contains the following scores: 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5. Its mode is:

Accepted Answer

A)  5. 
B)  3. 
C)  2. 
D)  4. 
A)  5. 
B)  3. 
C)  2. 
D)  4.

Question 16

The Spearman rank-order correlation is used when:

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent variables are scaled on a ratio scale. 
B)  one variable being measured is on an interval scale and the other being measured is on a nominal scale. 
C)  both of the variables being correlated are measured on a dichotomous scale. 
D)  one wants to determine whether the relationship between variables is monotonic. 
A)  dependent variables are scaled on a ratio scale. 
B)  one variable being measured is on an interval scale and the other being measured is on a nominal scale. 
C)  both of the variables being correlated are measured on a dichotomous scale. 
D)  one wants to determine whether the relationship between variables is monotonic.

Question 17

A curve that represents a uniformly increasing or decreasing function is said to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  monotonic. 
B)  nonmonotonic. 
C)  cubic. 
D)  asymptotic. 
A)  monotonic. 
B)  nonmonotonic. 
C)  cubic. 
D)  asymptotic.

Question 18

For data measured on a nominal scale, you are limited to using the _____ as your measure of center.

Accepted Answer

A)  mean 
B)  mode 
C)  median 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  mean 
B)  mode 
C)  median 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 19

The _____ provides an estimate of the amount of error in prediction.

Accepted Answer

A)  standard deviation 
B)  variance 
C)  regression weight 
D)  standard error of estimate 
A)  standard deviation 
B)  variance 
C)  regression weight 
D)  standard error of estimate

Question 20

The horizontal axis of a graph is called the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  abscissa or x-axis 
B)  abscissa or y-axis 
C)  ordinate or x-axis 
D)  ordinate or y-axis 
A)  abscissa or x-axis 
B)  abscissa or y-axis 
C)  ordinate or x-axis 
D)  ordinate or y-axis

Organization of data depends on the research design, the number of variables that were observed and recorded, and how observations were grouped or subdivided.

A monotonic relationship is one in which a functional relationship changes direction several times.

Why is it a good idea to explore your data using EDA techniques before you conduct any statistical tests?

The Pearson r is insensitive to the shapes of the score distributions.

The most popular measure of spread is the:

When a curve levels off at some maximum or minimum value, the function is said to be _____ at that value.

A set of mutually exclusive categories (classes) together with a count of the number of data values falling into each category is termed a:

For quantitative data (e.g., the number of milligrams of a drug), coding your data involves:

A correlation matrix results when you:

If data are scaled on an interval or ratio scale, the mean becomes a less representative measure of center when:

The best-fitting straight line on a scatter plot that minimizes the sum of the squared deviations of each data point from the line is called the:

Compare and contrast the use of grouped data versus individual scores when evaluating results. What are the strengths and limitations of each?

Dummy coding involves:

In a positively skewed distribution, the mean:

A distribution contains the following scores: 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5. Its mode is:

The Spearman rank-order correlation is used when:

A curve that represents a uniformly increasing or decreasing function is said to be:

For data measured on a nominal scale, you are limited to using the _____ as your measure of center.

The _____ provides an estimate of the amount of error in prediction.

The horizontal axis of a graph is called the _____.

Explaining Behavior

Developing and Evaluating Theories of Behavior

Getting Ideas for Research

Choosing a Research Design

Making Systematic Observations

Choosing and Using Research Subjects

Understanding Ethical Issues in the Research Process

Doing Nonexperimental Research

Doing Survey Research

Using Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects Experimental Designs

Using Specialized Research Designs

Using Single-Subject Designs

Using Inferential Statistics

Using Multivariate Design and Analysis

Reporting Your Research Results

Filters

Exam 13: Describing Data

Organization of data depends on the research design, the number of variables that were observed and recorded, and how observations were grouped or subdivided.

A monotonic relationship is one in which a functional relationship changes direction several times.

Why is it a good idea to explore your data using EDA techniques before you conduct any statistical tests?

The Pearson r is insensitive to the shapes of the score distributions.

The most popular measure of spread is the:

When a curve levels off at some maximum or minimum value, the function is said to be _____ at that value.

A set of mutually exclusive categories (classes) together with a count of the number of data values falling into each category is termed a:

For quantitative data (e.g., the number of milligrams of a drug), coding your data involves:

A correlation matrix results when you:

If data are scaled on an interval or ratio scale, the mean becomes a less representative measure of center when:

The best-fitting straight line on a scatter plot that minimizes the sum of the squared deviations of each data point from the line is called the:

Compare and contrast the use of grouped data versus individual scores when evaluating results. What are the strengths and limitations of each?

Dummy coding involves:

In a positively skewed distribution, the mean:

A distribution contains the following scores: 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 4, 4, 5. Its mode is:

The Spearman rank-order correlation is used when:

A curve that represents a uniformly increasing or decreasing function is said to be:

For data measured on a nominal scale, you are limited to using the _____ as your measure of center.

The _____ provides an estimate of the amount of error in prediction.

The horizontal axis of a graph is called the _____.

Explaining Behavior

Developing and Evaluating Theories of Behavior

Getting Ideas for Research

Choosing a Research Design

Making Systematic Observations

Choosing and Using Research Subjects

Understanding Ethical Issues in the Research Process

Doing Nonexperimental Research

Doing Survey Research

Using Between-Subjects and Within-Subjects Experimental Designs

Using Specialized Research Designs

Using Single-Subject Designs

Using Inferential Statistics

Using Multivariate Design and Analysis

Reporting Your Research Results

Filters