Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Group decision-making can be improved and the problems of process loss avoided if groups make sure to do all of the following EXCEPT

Complete the analogy.Social facilitation is to ________ as social loafing is to ________.

________ refers to the loosening of normal behavioral constraints when people are in a crowd, leading to increases in impulsive and deviant acts.

A group of five students are sharing a house.All of the students like to take long, hot showers in the morning, but when they do, there is not enough hot water for their housemates.Which of the following will be LEAST successful in getting the students to take shorter showers?

Researchers such as Baumeister and Leary (1995) argue that the need to belong to groups is present in all societies because

Recall that Simonton (1987, 2001) examined the relationship between 100 personal attributes of the U.S.presidents and their effectiveness in office as rated by historians.The characteristics that were most correlated with presidential effectiveness were

According to Robert Zajonc's (1969, 1980) social facilitation theory, would you play pool better alone, or when others are observing you? Explain your answer.

When former President Bush issued the final approval to invade Iraq, he asked whether anyone had any last thoughts or recommendations.When no one commented, the order was given.The authors give this as an example of how

When a crowd of people clap or cheer, it is difficult to tell just how loud each individual is applauding or cheering.If people tend to clap louder when they are alone than when they are in a crowd, they are probably engaging in

Your text describes Steve Jobs as a creative, unorthodox leader, who was successful at getting Apple Computer started, but later was removed from his leadership role when the company was well-established and he was being less effective leading a billion-dollar corporation.This illustrates the importance of

The evaluation apprehension explanation for the source of arousal that produces social facilitation posits that ________ leads to increased arousal-and thus to enhanced performance on simple tasks.

You belong to a study group that your math instructor assigned you to in the beginning of the semester.Your group's task is to solve several problems every week.What type of group, according to your text, would lead to optimal performance?

Compare the great person theory of leadership with the contingency theory of leadership.With which theory would a social psychologist be most likely to agree?

When it comes to social dilemmas such as the "prisoner's dilemma" game, the tit-for-tat strategy

You are a member of a group of five people whose task it is to address and stuff 1,000 envelopes for mailing.Research on ________ suggests that it would be better to give each person 200 envelopes to address alone, whereas research on ________ suggests that it would be better to have everyone work on the task together in the same room.

Whereas ________ specify how all group members should behave, ________ specify how individuals in particular positions should behave.

The text described a recent situation in which novelist Stephen King began publishing a novel called The Plant in installments over the Internet, asking readers to pay $1 per installment.He indicated that if at least 75 percent of the people who downloaded the novel paid the fee, he would keep writing and posting new installments, but if fewer than 75 percent paid the fee, he would stop writing and people would never get the rest of the novel.King posed a ________ dilemma for his readers.

A(n) ________ leader is primarily concerned with workers' feelings and relationships with one another.

In order to avoid the phenomenon of groupthink, the leader of a group should

According to Zimbardo, why would U.S.soldiers abuse the prisoners they were ordered to guard?