Question 1

According to the principles of operant conditioning, refusing to give the child who is having a tantrum what he is asking for, will

Accepted Answer

A)  cause problems between the parents. 
B)  extinguish the behaviour 
C)  only provoke further negative behaviour. 
D)  severely traumatize the child. 
A)  cause problems between the parents. 
B)  extinguish the behaviour 
C)  only provoke further negative behaviour. 
D)  severely traumatize the child.

Question 2

Among the following, who is reinforced on a variable-ratio schedule?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zara, who is paid an hourly wage 
B)  Lise, who sells real estate 
C)  Galiana, who works for a salary 
D)  Detlev, who does piece work 
A)  Zara, who is paid an hourly wage 
B)  Lise, who sells real estate 
C)  Galiana, who works for a salary 
D)  Detlev, who does piece work

Question 3

Extinction in operant conditioning involves

Accepted Answer

A)  withholding reinforcement 
B)  punishment. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  negative reinforcement. 
A)  withholding reinforcement 
B)  punishment. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  negative reinforcement.

Question 4

Negative reinforcement

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases the probability of a response. 
B)  is less effective than positive reinforcement. 
C)  is another term for punishment. 
D)  increases the probability of a response 
A)  decreases the probability of a response. 
B)  is less effective than positive reinforcement. 
C)  is another term for punishment. 
D)  increases the probability of a response

Question 5

Observational learning can be used for all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  strengthening existing responses. 
B)  weakening existing responses. 
C)  acquiring new responses. 
D)  monitoringternal responses 
A)  strengthening existing responses. 
B)  weakening existing responses. 
C)  acquiring new responses. 
D)  monitoringternal responses

Question 6

What is the term for a soundproof operant-conditioning chamber with a device for delivering food and either a bar for rats to press or a disk for pigeons to peck?

Accepted Answer

A)  A maze 
B)  A food chamber 
C)  A cumulative recorder 
D)  A Skinner box 
A)  A maze 
B)  A food chamber 
C)  A cumulative recorder 
D)  A Skinner box

Question 7

Which schedule tends to produce a pattern in which responding is initially low following a reward, but then gradually increases as the time for the next reward approaches?

Accepted Answer

A)  Variableterval 
B)  Fixed ratio 
C)  Variable ratio 
D)  Fixedterval 
A)  Variableterval 
B)  Fixed ratio 
C)  Variable ratio 
D)  Fixedterval

Question 8

Positive reinforcement ________ responses that precede it.

Accepted Answer

A)  suppresses 
B)  strengthens 
C)  facilitates 
D)  weakens 
A)  suppresses 
B)  strengthens 
C)  facilitates 
D)  weakens

Question 9

Which of the following factors would least influence classical conditioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  The strength of the neutral stimulus 
B)  The number of pairings of the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus 
C)  How reliably the conditioned stimulus predicts the unconditioned stimulus 
D)  Thetensity of the unconditioned stimulus 
A)  The strength of the neutral stimulus 
B)  The number of pairings of the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus 
C)  How reliably the conditioned stimulus predicts the unconditioned stimulus 
D)  Thetensity of the unconditioned stimulus

Question 10

Which of the following is not an example of an unconditioned reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  John's pupils dilating response to a bright light 
B)  Mike pulling his hand back quickly after touching a hot stove 
C)  Rick wiping his dirty hands off on his jeans before picking up the mail from the table 
D)  Tony's tears when he is peeling onions 
A)  John's pupils dilating response to a bright light 
B)  Mike pulling his hand back quickly after touching a hot stove 
C)  Rick wiping his dirty hands off on his jeans before picking up the mail from the table 
D)  Tony's tears when he is peeling onions

Question 11

People often engage in behaviour that is reinforcing in the short term but is not in their long-term interest. This reflects the influence of

Accepted Answer

A)  the immediacy of reinforcement 
B)  their level of motivation. 
C)  the schedule of reinforcement. 
D)  the magnitude of reinforcement. 
A)  the immediacy of reinforcement 
B)  their level of motivation. 
C)  the schedule of reinforcement. 
D)  the magnitude of reinforcement.

Question 12

Rudy is playing with a white rat when a loud noise suddenly startles him, and he begins to cry. He is later given a white rabbit to play with and he begins to cry again. His reaction to the white rabbit illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination. 
B)  extinction. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  generalization 
A)  discrimination. 
B)  extinction. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  generalization

Question 13

Which of the following is not presented in the text as one of the major factors influencing the effectiveness of punishment?

Accepted Answer

A)  intensity 
B)  Timing 
C)  Consistency 
D)  Frequency 
A)  intensity 
B)  Timing 
C)  Consistency 
D)  Frequency

Question 14

The tokens in a token economy are chosen because they are primary reinforcers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which element in classical conditioning is the signal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conditioned stimulus 
B)  Conditioned response 
C)  Unconditioned stimulus 
D)  Unconditioned response 
A)  Conditioned stimulus 
B)  Conditioned response 
C)  Unconditioned stimulus 
D)  Unconditioned response

Question 16

Many psychologists feel ________ is best way to extinguish a problem behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A)  removing the rewarding consequences of undesirable behaviour 
B)  punishment 
C)  direct reinforcement 
D)  unconscious process training 
A)  removing the rewarding consequences of undesirable behaviour 
B)  punishment 
C)  direct reinforcement 
D)  unconscious process training

Question 17

In his animal study of sexual arousal, Pfaus and his associates were able to demonstrate the link between objects in the environment and sexual receptivity in humans. In his research, he used

Accepted Answer

A)  human subjects who had a variety of fetishes. 
B)  male rats wearing jackets before they mated 
C)  dogs that had white fur compared to dogs that had dark fur. 
D)  long-haired cats compared to short-haired cats. 
A)  human subjects who had a variety of fetishes. 
B)  male rats wearing jackets before they mated 
C)  dogs that had white fur compared to dogs that had dark fur. 
D)  long-haired cats compared to short-haired cats.

Question 18

Michael's teacher used to say "good" when Michael managed to pronounce words correctly. Then she said "good" only when Michael correctly read an entire sentence. Now she withholds encouraging comments until he has read several sentences accurately. What technique is Michael's teacher using in teaching him to read?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flooding 
B)  Blocking 
C)  Shaping 
D)  Priming 
A)  Flooding 
B)  Blocking 
C)  Shaping 
D)  Priming

Question 19

One account of why poverty is so difficult to overcome suggests that people living in poverty have given up, perceiving that their condition is inescapable. This explanation sounds most like

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidance learning. 
B)  the consequences of punishment. 
C)  learned helplessness 
D)  the magnitude of punishment effect. 
A)  avoidance learning. 
B)  the consequences of punishment. 
C)  learned helplessness 
D)  the magnitude of punishment effect.

Question 20

In Pavlov's original research, dogs heard a tone and then had meat powder placed in their mouths which caused them to salivate. After many pairings of the tone and meat powder, they would salivate when the tone was presented alone. In this case, the meat powder is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  an unconditioned response. 
B)  a conditioned response. 
C)  a conditioned stimulus. 
D)  an unconditioned stimulus 
A)  an unconditioned response. 
B)  a conditioned response. 
C)  a conditioned stimulus. 
D)  an unconditioned stimulus

According to the principles of operant conditioning, refusing to give the child who is having a tantrum what he is asking for, will

Among the following, who is reinforced on a variable-ratio schedule?

Extinction in operant conditioning involves

Negative reinforcement

Observational learning can be used for all of the following except

What is the term for a soundproof operant-conditioning chamber with a device for delivering food and either a bar for rats to press or a disk for pigeons to peck?

Which schedule tends to produce a pattern in which responding is initially low following a reward, but then gradually increases as the time for the next reward approaches?

Positive reinforcement ________ responses that precede it.

Which of the following factors would least influence classical conditioning?

Which of the following is not an example of an unconditioned reflex?

People often engage in behaviour that is reinforcing in the short term but is not in their long-term interest. This reflects the influence of

Rudy is playing with a white rat when a loud noise suddenly startles him, and he begins to cry. He is later given a white rabbit to play with and he begins to cry again. His reaction to the white rabbit illustrates

Which of the following is not presented in the text as one of the major factors influencing the effectiveness of punishment?

The tokens in a token economy are chosen because they are primary reinforcers.

Which element in classical conditioning is the signal?

Many psychologists feel ________ is best way to extinguish a problem behaviour.

In his animal study of sexual arousal, Pfaus and his associates were able to demonstrate the link between objects in the environment and sexual receptivity in humans. In his research, he used

One account of why poverty is so difficult to overcome suggests that people living in poverty have given up, perceiving that their condition is inescapable. This explanation sounds most like

In Pavlov's original research, dogs heard a tone and then had meat powder placed in their mouths which caused them to salivate. After many pairings of the tone and meat powder, they would salivate when the tone was presented alone. In this case, the meat powder is an example of

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Exam 5: Learning

According to the principles of operant conditioning, refusing to give the child who is having a tantrum what he is asking for, will

Among the following, who is reinforced on a variable-ratio schedule?

Extinction in operant conditioning involves

Negative reinforcement

Observational learning can be used for all of the following except

What is the term for a soundproof operant-conditioning chamber with a device for delivering food and either a bar for rats to press or a disk for pigeons to peck?

Which schedule tends to produce a pattern in which responding is initially low following a reward, but then gradually increases as the time for the next reward approaches?

Positive reinforcement ________ responses that precede it.

Which of the following factors would least influence classical conditioning?

Which of the following is not an example of an unconditioned reflex?

People often engage in behaviour that is reinforcing in the short term but is not in their long-term interest. This reflects the influence of

Rudy is playing with a white rat when a loud noise suddenly startles him, and he begins to cry. He is later given a white rabbit to play with and he begins to cry again. His reaction to the white rabbit illustrates

Which of the following is not presented in the text as one of the major factors influencing the effectiveness of punishment?

The tokens in a token economy are chosen because they are primary reinforcers.

Which element in classical conditioning is the signal?

Many psychologists feel ________ is best way to extinguish a problem behaviour.

In his animal study of sexual arousal, Pfaus and his associates were able to demonstrate the link between objects in the environment and sexual receptivity in humans. In his research, he used

One account of why poverty is so difficult to overcome suggests that people living in poverty have given up, perceiving that their condition is inescapable. This explanation sounds most like

In Pavlov's original research, dogs heard a tone and then had meat powder placed in their mouths which caused them to salivate. After many pairings of the tone and meat powder, they would salivate when the tone was presented alone. In this case, the meat powder is an example of

Introduction to Psychology

Biology and Behaviour

Sensation and Perception

States of Conciousness

Memory

Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

Development

Motivation and Emotion

Social Psychology

Personality Theory and Assessment

Health and Stress

Psychology Disorders

Therapies

Filters