Question 1

A distinct set of metabolic reactions is called a reaction ________.

Accepted Answer

A) network 
B) cycle 
C) pathway 
D) mechanism 
A) network 
B) cycle 
C) pathway 
D) mechanism

Question 2

The ultimate product of complete oxidation of carbohydrates is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide 
B) acetyl CoA 
C) pyruvate 
D) acetate ion 
A) carbon dioxide 
B) acetyl CoA 
C) pyruvate 
D) acetate ion

Question 3

Protein folding and lipid-bilayer formation result in decreased entropy for a protein molecule and bilayer components.The decrease in entropy is balanced by a large increase in the entropy of the surrounding ________.

Accepted Answer

A) salt solutions 
B) temperature 
C) pressure 
D) water molecules 
A) salt solutions 
B) temperature 
C) pressure 
D) water molecules

Question 4

What important high energy functional group is shown in molecule shown?

Accepted Answer

A) Methyl. 
B) Ketone. 
C) Thioester. 
D) Thioanhydride. 
A) Methyl. 
B) Ketone. 
C) Thioester. 
D) Thioanhydride.

Question 5

Which is usually the slowest way to regulate a reaction in a metabolic pathway?

Accepted Answer

A) Allosteric modulation. 
B) Covalent modification. 
C) Changing the enzyme concentration. 
D) All of the above are usually equally as fast. 
A) Allosteric modulation. 
B) Covalent modification. 
C) Changing the enzyme concentration. 
D) All of the above are usually equally as fast.

Question 6

What function group leads to ATP being an "energy-rich" compound?

Accepted Answer

A) Phosphate ester. 
B) Carbonyl. 
C) Ether. 
D) Amido. 
A) Phosphate ester. 
B) Carbonyl. 
C) Ether. 
D) Amido.

Question 7

Levels of ATP and ADP are partly maintained in cells by

Accepted Answer

A) phosphoglucomutase. 
B) the ADP concentration. 
C) adenylate kinase. 
D) and equilibrium with dissolved oxygen. 
A) phosphoglucomutase. 
B) the ADP concentration. 
C) adenylate kinase. 
D) and equilibrium with dissolved oxygen.

Question 8

Many dehydrogenases can be assayed by measuring the decrease of absorption of NAD+ or the increase of absorption of NADH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

If the standard reduction potential of a certain half-reaction is -0.30 V,which statement below is true for this half-reaction to proceed as a reduction?

Accepted Answer

A) This half-reaction will proceed if it is coupled to another half-reaction that has a standard reduction potential greater than +0.30 V. 
B) This half-reaction will proceed if it is coupled to another half-reaction that has a standard reduction potential greater than -0.30 V. 
C) This half-reaction will proceed if it is coupled to another half-reaction that has a standard reduction potential less than -0.30 V. 
D) It doesn't matter what half-reaction this is coupled with,it will proceed spontaneously. 
A) This half-reaction will proceed if it is coupled to another half-reaction that has a standard reduction potential greater than +0.30 V. 
B) This half-reaction will proceed if it is coupled to another half-reaction that has a standard reduction potential greater than -0.30 V. 
C) This half-reaction will proceed if it is coupled to another half-reaction that has a standard reduction potential less than -0.30 V. 
D) It doesn't matter what half-reaction this is coupled with,it will proceed spontaneously.

Question 10

Which statement does not explain why many biochemical processes are carried out via multi-step pathways rather than by single-step reactions (or only a few steps)?

Accepted Answer

A) Multi-step pathways allow for more control points to regulate biochemical processes. 
B) The end products of most pathways can usually be produced only by the pathway reactions that nature has evolved. 
C) Sharing of intermediates between pathways is facilitated this way. 
D) There is greater control over the amounts of energy that are consumed or released at any one time. 
A) Multi-step pathways allow for more control points to regulate biochemical processes. 
B) The end products of most pathways can usually be produced only by the pathway reactions that nature has evolved. 
C) Sharing of intermediates between pathways is facilitated this way. 
D) There is greater control over the amounts of energy that are consumed or released at any one time.

Question 11

The evolution of biochemical pathways can be studied by

Accepted Answer

A) isolating pathway enzymes from different individuals. 
B) comparing pathways in closely related species. 
C) comparing pathways in many diverse bacteria. 
D) comparing linear and circular pathways. 
A) isolating pathway enzymes from different individuals. 
B) comparing pathways in closely related species. 
C) comparing pathways in many diverse bacteria. 
D) comparing linear and circular pathways.

Question 12

The synthesis of acetyl CoA shows that another important role for ATP in cells is to provide its nucleotidyl group for transfer in metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The degradation of which class of biochemicals does not significantly contribute to the release of energy to cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Nucleic acids. 
B) Proteins. 
C) Lipids. 
D) Carbohydrates. 
A) Nucleic acids. 
B) Proteins. 
C) Lipids. 
D) Carbohydrates.

Question 14

The presence of Mg²+ ions decreases the free energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Phosphorylation at the expense of ATP is catalyzed by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) protein kinases 
B) phosphoryl isomerases 
C) phosphatases 
D) All of the above 
A) protein kinases 
B) phosphoryl isomerases 
C) phosphatases 
D) All of the above

Question 16

The percent of genomes involved in intermediary and energy metabolisms in a wide variety of species is about

Accepted Answer

A) 10%. 
B) 15-30%. 
C) 20-50%. 
D) 30% or more. 
A) 10%. 
B) 15-30%. 
C) 20-50%. 
D) 30% or more.

Question 17

By linking a reaction that would not ordinarily proceed to the hydrolysis of ATP,the overall coupled reaction may be completed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Metabolic pathways that involve the degradation of large molecules to smaller ones are classified as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) anabolic 
B) catabolic 
C) amphibolic 
D) intermediary 
A) anabolic 
B) catabolic 
C) amphibolic 
D) intermediary

Question 19

Anabolic and catabolic reactions in eukaryotes can occur simultaneously in cells.This is possible because ________.

Accepted Answer

A) they all occur in the cytosol 
B) the anabolic and catabolic pathways do not share any intermediate metabolites 
C) of the compartmentation of metabolites for the reactions of opposing pathways 
D) all catabolic reactions are exergonic and all anabolic reactions are endergonic 
A) they all occur in the cytosol 
B) the anabolic and catabolic pathways do not share any intermediate metabolites 
C) of the compartmentation of metabolites for the reactions of opposing pathways 
D) all catabolic reactions are exergonic and all anabolic reactions are endergonic

Question 20

The process of dissolving table salt,NaCl,in water involves an increase in entropy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 10: Introduction to Metabolism

A distinct set of metabolic reactions is called a reaction ________.

The ultimate product of complete oxidation of carbohydrates is ________.

Protein folding and lipid-bilayer formation result in decreased entropy for a protein molecule and bilayer components.The decrease in entropy is balanced by a large increase in the entropy of the surrounding ________.

What important high energy functional group is shown in molecule shown?

Which is usually the slowest way to regulate a reaction in a metabolic pathway?

What function group leads to ATP being an "energy-rich" compound?

Levels of ATP and ADP are partly maintained in cells by

Many dehydrogenases can be assayed by measuring the decrease of absorption of NAD+ or the increase of absorption of NADH.

If the standard reduction potential of a certain half-reaction is -0.30 V,which statement below is true for this half-reaction to proceed as a reduction?

Which statement does not explain why many biochemical processes are carried out via multi-step pathways rather than by single-step reactions (or only a few steps)?

The evolution of biochemical pathways can be studied by

The synthesis of acetyl CoA shows that another important role for ATP in cells is to provide its nucleotidyl group for transfer in metabolism.

The degradation of which class of biochemicals does not significantly contribute to the release of energy to cells?

The presence of Mg²+ ions decreases the free energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP.

Phosphorylation at the expense of ATP is catalyzed by ________.

The percent of genomes involved in intermediary and energy metabolisms in a wide variety of species is about

By linking a reaction that would not ordinarily proceed to the hydrolysis of ATP,the overall coupled reaction may be completed.

Metabolic pathways that involve the degradation of large molecules to smaller ones are classified as ________.

Anabolic and catabolic reactions in eukaryotes can occur simultaneously in cells.This is possible because ________.

The process of dissolving table salt,NaCl,in water involves an increase in entropy.

Introduction to Biochemistry

Water

Amino Acids and the Primary Structures of Proteins

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure and Function

Properties of Enzymes

Mechanisms of Enzymes

Coenzymes and Vitamins

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Membranes

Glycolysis

Gluconeogenesis, the Pentose Phosphate Pathway, and Glycogen Metabolism

The Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Atp Synthesis

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acids

DNA Replication, repair, and Recombination

Transcription and RNA Processing

Protein Synthesis

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