Exam 7: The Landscape of Memory: Mental Images, maps, and Propositions

According to the propositional theory,

Explain how the lateralization of function supports the notion of multiple codes.

Bill has often seen a main city street lined with buildings.He attempts to mentally represent the street,but he distorts it so that the buildings are all the same distance from the street,when in reality they are different distances from the street.Which heuristic has Bill used?

This type of stimuli,______,is often used in the area of perception and has at least two different interpretations.

In reference to landmark knowledge,people tend to distort their mental images so that their mental estimates of distances

Johnson-Laird suggests that mental representations may take one of three forms.This particular form of representation is distinguished from the rest in that one can verbally express the meaning of this abstract representation.

Contrast the hypothesis of Allan Paivio with that of Anderson and Bower.With which points of each (dual-code vs.propositional)do you agree or disagree? Which would you support and why?

You are mentally visualizing a map of your town.In visualizing the distance between your home and a nearby landmark,providing that there are numerous landmarks in between,how will you distort the distance? Why?

Which of the following was not one of the observations made in an image size study involving both children and adults?

According to Finke's principles of visual imagery,the processes involved in visual imagery are functionally

Which of the following is not one of Barbara Tversky's propositional heuristics?

You are taking your final exam in cognitive psychology.One question asks about a film you saw in class a week ago and you know that you must recall a particular scene from the film.Is it easier for you,and for people in general,to "see" or to "hear" the scene in your mind? Explain.

How did Chambers and Reisberg find additional limits to analogical representation? Describe the process by which they attempted to determine whether mental images are truly analogous to perceptions of physical objects,using ambiguous figures.

Johnson-Laird proposed three different forms for mental representations-propositional,mental models,and images.Describe each form and then explain how they are different from each other.

__________ proposed the idea that mental images are epiphenomena and that we manipulate images using a propositional code,not an analogous one.

This type of spatial knowledge provides an overview of a space and contains information that would allow for estimating the distances between various landmarks.

Explain how studying the spatial abilities of other animals is informative about the spatial skills of humans.What are the similarities and differences between humans and other animals (bees,rats,pigeons)in terms of spatial abilities?

The propositional theory was once championed by __________ and __________.

Imagine a world in which we did not make the mistakes seen when using various heuristics for spatial knowledge.What would this world look like? Expand this idea and address the issue of what this would say about our spatial skills in other areas?

This theory of knowledge representation suggests that our mental representations are in an abstract form and not stored in the form of an image.