Exam 8: The Organization of Knowledge in the Mind

If someone asks you to spell the word sight,you will probably spell it differently,depending on whether you have been talking about vision ("s-i-g-h-t")or about locations for an archaeological dig ("s-i-t-e").This bias reflects the __________ effect.

Anderson's model of mental representation and information processing incorporates both declarative and procedural knowledge.Declarative is represented in a propositional network while procedural is represented in a production system.The name of this model is

__________ refers to a model of knowledge representation and information processing,which proposes that knowledge is represented within a network in which information is stored in the form of various patterns of connection strengths distributed across the brain.

Describe briefly what procedural and declarative knowledge are.Then,come up with a new metaphor (besides the computer and the brain)of how knowledge is organized in our minds.

A __________ refers to a mental framework for meaningfully organizing various interrelated concepts.

When thinking about an issue,such that various associations seem to come to mind regarding that issue,we are experiencing __________ along the nodes that represent our knowledge of various aspects of the problem,and possibly,its solution.

__________ refers to an approach to understanding cognition that involves an attempt to enable machines such as computers to simulate various cognitive processes that characterize human intelligence.

__________ are thoughts or ideas (or words)that can be described more aptly by using characteristic features than by using defining features.

Which of the following is not a defining feature of bachelor?

A(n)__________ refers to an ordered set of productions in which execution starts at the top of a list of productions,continues until a condition is satisfied,and then returns to the top of the list to start anew.

Provide an example of a schema and explain the various components.

Imagine a planet in which the inhabitants process both procedural and declarative information serially.Explain what these two types of knowledge are.Then describe what the inhabitants' thought processes might be like (a)for crossing the street and (b)for determining whether an animal in the distance is a cat.

Explain the various components of Anderson's ACT-R model.How does his model differ from other models?

With prototype theory,______ are features that are typically present and are consistent with one's exemplars for that particular concept.

When learning to drive a standard-shift car and progressing from having to think about stepping on the clutch pedal and so on,to no longer needing to think about what steps to take to shift gears,we are experiencing the process sometimes called

Come up with some examples in which the core and defining features are different for a particular concept.

How do models inspired by information processing in the human brain differ from models based on information processing in computers?

According to __________,the amount of activation between a prime and a given target node is a function of the number of links connecting the prime and the target and the relative strength of each connection.

According to Michael Posner,__________ priming refers to priming in which we are primed by a meaningful context or meaningful information.

A __________ refers to a web of labeled relations among interconnected elements.