Exam 1: Guidelines for Image Analysis

A postprocessing manipulation that can be added to digital projections as a means of helping the viewer to better evaluate contrast resolution in the selected area is a

To properly display extremity projections, display 1)finger, wrist, and forearm projections as if the patient were hanging from the fingertips. 2)elbow and humeral projections as if they were hanging from the patient's shoulder. 3)toe and AP and PA oblique foot projections as if the patient were hanging from the toes. 4)lateral foot, ankle, lower leg, knee, and femur projections as if they were hanging from the patient's hip.

An image demonstrating motion and adequate density was obtained using 100 mA at 0.5 seconds. If the time is changed to 0.25 seconds, what mA should be used to maintain density?

What is the marker placement for the projection of PA oblique vertebrae?

Minimizing size distortion is accomplished by which of the following? 1)Using the longest feasible SID 2)Using the shortest possible OID 3)Decreasing the angle of the CR 4)Placing the part as close to the IR as possible

Anatomical relationships are affected by 1)varying degrees of patient obliquity and flexion. 2)off centering. 3)geometrical factors of magnification, elongation, and foreshortening. 4)similar structures of shape and size.

To shield the female gonads properly, 1)use a flat contact shield made from at least 0.5 mm of lead. 2)use a flat contact shield cut to the shape of the inlet pelvis. 3)the dimensions of the shield used are determined by the OID and SID and by the size of the patient's pelvis. 4)the entire inlet pelvis should be shielded.

What is the marker placement for the projection of lateral vertebrae?

A small focal spot should be used for each of the following situations except when

What is the marker placement of the projection of lateral hand.

The quality of spatial resolution of a digital imaging system is mainly defined by 1)the size of the matrix. 2)the size of the pixel within the matrix. 3)the spatial frequency. 4)line pairs per millimeter (lp/mm).

Diagnostic imaging professionals have a responsibility to adhere to effective radiation protection practices for which of the following reasons? 1)The risk of cancer from radiologic examinations accumulates over a lifetime. 2)To limit the risk of nonstochastic effects to a reasonable level compared with nonradiation risks and in relation to society's needs, benefits gained, and economic factors. 3)Good patient care standards dictate the use of effective radiation protection practices. 4)Continually evaluating one's radiation protection practices is necessary because radiation protection guidelines for diagnostic radiology assume a linear, nonthreshold, dose-risk relationship.

Gonadal shielding is recommended in which of the following situations? 1)When the gonads are within 2 inches (5 cm) of the primary x-ray beam 2)If the patient is of reproductive age 3)When the gonadal shield does not cover the VOI 4)When any radiosensitive cells are in the primary beam

Collimation guidelines include all of the following except for 1)chest and abdomen projections, collimate to within 1 inch (2.5 cm) of the patient's skin line. 2)extremity projections, collimate to within 0.5 inch (1.25 cm) of the skin line of the thickest VOI. 3)chest and abdomen projections, collimate to within 0.50 inch (1.25 cm) of the IR edge. 4)collimating structures within the torso, bring the collimated borders to within 1 inch (2.5 cm) of the VOI.

Two structures are 4.5 inches apart and out of superimposition 2.5 inches. To bring them into superimposition, the CR should be angled _____ degrees.

Elongation occurs in all of the following situations except when the

Which of the following is true about image markers? 1)They are radiopaque. 2)They should be reversed before being placed on the IR. 3)They should be positioned as close to the median plane as possible. 4)They will be magnified if positioned on the imaging table or patient.

An image analysis form 1)provides a systematic approach to evaluate a projection for positioning and technical accuracy. 2)is a structured pattern for use in a stressful situation. 3)will determine whether the projection is optimal, acceptable, or needs repeating. 4)is used to verify validity of the order and indication.

To correctly mark a cross-table lateral hip projection, 1)place the marker anteriorly to prevent it from obscuring posterior structures. 2)place the marker to indicate the side closest to the IR. 3)place the marker toward the edge of the IR outside the exposure field. 4)include an arrow to indicate the side positioned away from the table or cart.

All of the following statements about display stations are true except 1)if the digital system matrix size is smaller than the display station's matrix size, the values of surrounding pixels will be averaged to display the whole image. 2)to display images at full resolution, the display monitor must be able to display the same number of pixels as those at which the digital system acquired the image. 3)display station resolution refers to the maximum number of pixels that the screen can demonstrate. 4)the technologist's workstation display monitors typically demonstrate resolution as high as that of the radiologist's display monitor.