Exam 5: Image Analysis of the Shoulder

An AP oblique shoulder projection (Grashey method) obtained with the patient rotated less than required to obtain accurate positioning demonstrates 1)more than 0.25 inch (0.6 cm) of the coracoid superimposed over the humeral head. 2)a closed glenohumeral joint. 3)increased longitudinal clavicular foreshortening. 4)an increase in the amount of thorax and scapular body superimposition.

An optimal AP scapula projection demonstrates all of the following except the

An AP shoulder projection obtained with the humeral epicondyles positioned parallel with the IR demonstrates the 1)greater tubercle in profile laterally. 2)lesser tubercle in profile medially. 3)humeral head in profile medially. 4)greater tubercle superimposed over the humeral head.

A tangential supraspinatus outlet projection (Neer method) that was obtained with the patient underrotated demonstrates the 1)glenoid fossa medially. 2)medial scapular border closer to the ribs than the lateral scapular border. 3)superior scapular angle 0.5 inch inferior to the clavicle. 4)lateral scapular border closer to the ribs than the medial scapular border.

The AP axial shoulder projection (Stryker method) 1)is performed to demonstrate the Hill-Sachs defect. 2)is obtained with the affected humerus vertical and the palm of the hand placed on top of the head. 3)uses a 10-degree caudal central ray angle. 4)is obtained with the patient in a supine position.

A PA oblique scapular Y shoulder projection that was obtained with the patient overrotated demonstrates the 1)glenoid fossa medially. 2)medial scapular border closer to the ribs than the lateral scapular border. 3)superior scapular angle superior to the clavicle. 4)lateral scapular border closer to the ribs than the medial scapular border.

Accurate alignment of the central ray and glenoid cavity on an inferosuperior axial shoulder projection

For an inferosuperior axial shoulder projection, 1)the patient's shoulder is elevated on a sponge or washcloth. 2)the patient's head is tilted and rotated toward the affected shoulder. 3)the patient's affected arm is externally rotated. 4)a 30- to 35-degree central ray to lateral body surface angle is used if the arm is abducted at a 90-degree angle to the torso.

Longitudinal foreshortening of the scapula is demonstrated on an AP shoulder projection when the

A poorly positioned AP shoulder projection demonstrating most of the articulating surface of the glenoid cavity

An AP right shoulder projection obtained with the patient's body rotated away from the affected shoulder demonstrates 1)the scapula with decreased thoracic superimposition. 2)the medial end of the right clavicle superimposed over the vertebral column. 3)a transversely foreshortened scapular body. 4)the glenoid fossa in profile.

A PA oblique scapular Y shoulder projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1)the superior angle of the scapular at the same transverse level as the clavicle. 2)superimposed scapular borders. 3)a laterally situated glenoid fossa. 4)the coracoid, acromion, and humerus creating the arms and leg of the Y formation.

An optimal AP clavicle projection demonstrates all of the following except the

An AP AC joint projection with a kyphotic patient will require a _____ angulation of the CR, aligned perpendicular to the _____.

In an AP shoulder projection with external rotation of the humerus, the greater tubercle will be seen

An AP scapular projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1)almost superimposed anterior and posterior glenoid fossa margins. 2)the vertebral scapular border without thoracic cavity superimposition. 3)the humeral shaft at a 90-degree angle with the body. 4)the supraspinatus fossa and superior scapular angle without clavicular superimposition.

A PA oblique scapular Y shoulder projection obtained with the patient's upper midcoronal plane tilted toward the IR demonstrates 1)the glenoid cavity on end. 2)the superior scapular angle superior to the clavicle. 3)a longitudinally foreshortened scapular body. 4)the superior scapular angle inferior to the clavicle.

An anteriorly dislocated shoulder is demonstrated on an AP shoulder projection when the humeral head is demonstrated inferior to the

An accurate PA oblique scapular Y shoulder projection is obtained

The vertebral and lateral borders of the scapular body are demonstrated without superimposition on a tangential supraspinatus outlet projection. The medial scapular border is demonstrated next to the ribs, and the lateral border is visualized laterally. How should the patient or central ray be repositioned to obtain an optimal image?