Exam 8: Image Analysis of the Cervical and Thoracic Vertebrae

An AP atlas and axis projection obtained with the patient's face rotated toward the left side demonstrates 1)a narrower distance from the atlas's lateral mass to the dens on the right side than on the left side. 2)the upper incisors obscuring the dens and atlantoaxial joint. 3)the patient's jaw shifted toward the left side. 4)the atlas's spinous process shifted toward the left side.

A lateral thoracic projection with poor positioning demonstrates closed eighth through twelfth intervertebral disk spaces. How was the patient mispositioned for such a projection to be obtained? 1)The central ray was not aligned perpendicular to the thoracic vertebrae. 2)The vertebral column was not aligned parallel with the imaging table. 3)A radiolucent sponge was not accurately positioned between the lateral surface of the patient and the imaging table. 4)The hips and knees were extended.

An optimal lateral thoracic vertebrae projection demonstrates all of the following except

A left lateral cervicothoracic projection (Twining method) demonstrates the right and left articular pillars and zygapophyseal joints without superimposition. The humerus demonstrating the least amount of magnification is situated anterior to the vertebral column. How should the positioning setup be adjusted to obtain an optimal projection?

A lateral thoracic projection with poor positioning demonstrates more than 0.5 inch (1 cm) of space between the posterior ribs. How should the patient be positioned for an optimal projection to be obtained? 1)Rotate the patient's elevated side anteriorly. 2)Position the midsagittal plane perpendicular to the imaging table. 3)Center the central ray and IR superiorly. 4)Align the shoulders, posterior ribs, and posterior wings perpendicular to the imaging table.

For an AP axial cervical projection, the 1)mandibular angles, mastoid tips, and shoulders are positioned at equal distances from the IR. 2)central ray is angled 15 to 20 degrees cephalically. 3)OML is aligned perpendicular to the IR. 4)long axis of the cervical vertebra is aligned with the short axis of the collimated field.

A PA axial oblique cervical vertebrae projection demonstrating the pedicles on one side aligned with the midline of the vertebral bodies and open zygapophyseal joints was obtained with the

An AP atlas and axis projection with poor positioning demonstrates the upper incisors about 1 inch (2.5 cm) inferior to the posterior occiput, obscuring the dens and atlantoaxial joint. How was the positioning setup mispositioned for such a projection to be obtained? 1)The patient's face was rotated toward the left side. 2)The acanthiomeatal line was perpendicular to the IR, and the central ray was perpendicular. 3)The patient's chin was tucked more than needed. 4)An imaginary line connecting the occlusal plane and posterior occiput's inferior edge was not aligned perpendicular to the imaging table.

A lateral cervical projection obtained with the patient's head tilted toward the IR demonstrates 1)the inferior cortices of the mandible without superimposition. 2)the articular pillars and zygapophyseal joints with superoinferior separation. 3)the vertebral foramen of C1. 4)superimposed inferior cranial cortices.

An AP axial cervical projection obtained using too much cephalic central ray angulation demonstrates 1)elongated uncinate processes. 2)obscured intervertebral disk spaces. 3)each vertebra's spinous process within the inferior adjoining vertebral body. 4)undistorted vertebral bodies.

A less than optimal AP axial cervical vertebrae projection demonstrating closed intervertebral disk spaces and each vertebra's spinous process within its vertebral body

A lateral cervicothoracic projection (Twining method) with poor positioning demonstrates the humerus with the greater degree of magnification rotated posteriorly. How was the patient mispositioned for such a projection to be obtained?

To obtain open intervertebral disk spaces for AP axial cervical vertebrae projections when imaging the upright and kyphotic patient, the central ray

An AP atlas and axis projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1)the axis's spinous process aligned with its body midline. 2)an open atlantoaxial joint. 3)the upper incisors and posterior occiput superior to the dens. 4)the first through fourth cervical vertebrae.

Which of the following projections or positions demonstrates the right intervertebral foramina? 1)Lateral 2)LPO 3)LAO 4)RAO

An AP thoracic projection with poor positioning demonstrates closed eighth through twelfth intervertebral disk spaces. How was the patient mispositioned for such a projection to be obtained?

A lateral cervical projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1)C1 and C2 without cranial or mandibular superimposition. 2)open intervertebral disk spaces. 3)superimposed right and left articular pillars and zygapophyseal joints. 4)the spinous process in profile.

A left lateral thoracic vertebrae projection demonstrating more than 0.5 inch (1.25 cm) of space between the posterior ribs

An optimally positioned lateral cervical vertebrae projection demonstrates all of the following except

The vertebral body of C7 is not demonstrated on a lateral cervical projection. To demonstrate this cervical vertebra 1)take the image on expiration. 2)have the patient hold weights on each arm to depress the shoulders. 3)take a lateral cervicothoracic (swimmer's) image. 4)angle the central ray 10 degrees cephalically.