Exam 3: Image Analysis of the Chest and Abdomen

How should the technique be adjusted from the routine for an AP abdomen projection (lateral decubitus position) in a patient with ascites or a bowel obstruction? 1)Increase the mAs 30% to 50%. 2)Decrease the mAs 30% to 50%. 3)Increase the kVp 5% to 8%. 4)Decrease the kVp 5% to 8%.

How much should the technique be adjusted from the routine for an AP abdomen projection in a patient who has a large amount of bowel gas? 1)Increase the mAs 30% to 50%. 2)Decrease the mAs 30% to 50%. 3)Increase the kVp 5% to 8%. 4)Decrease the kVp 5% to 8%.

Which positioning problem(s) listed result(s) in an AP-PA chest projection (lateral decubitus position) with the manubrium and the fifth thoracic vertebra located at the same level? 1)A patient rotated into an RPO position 2)An AP projection obtained with the upper midcoronal plane tilted away from the IR 3)A PA projection obtained with the upper midcoronal plane tilted toward the IR 4)An AP projection obtained with the central ray angled cephalically

An AP neonatal or infant chest projection that demonstrates an excessive lordotic appearance 1)may have been obtained with the central ray centered too superiorly. 2)will also demonstrate downwardly projecting anterior ribs. 3)will also demonstrate horizontally appearing posterior ribs. 4)may have been obtained with a perpendicular central ray.

An AP chest projection obtained with the patient rotated into an RPO position demonstrates 1)the left SC joint superimposed over the vertebral column. 2)the left posterior ribs with greater length than the right posterior ribs. 3)a manubrium superimposed over the fourth thoracic vertebra. 4)elevated lateral clavicular ends.

An AP chest projection (lateral decubitus position) obtained with the patient in an RPO position demonstrates 1)the right SC joint without vertebral column superimposition. 2)9 or 10 posterior ribs above the diaphragm. 3)the manubrium superimposed over the fifth thoracic vertebra. 4)the left posterior ribs with greater length than the right posterior ribs.

A right PA oblique chest projection (RAO position) with poor positioning demonstrates almost equal lung fields on both sides of the vertebral column and nine posterior ribs above the diaphragm. How could the positioning setup be adjusted for an optimal image to be obtained? 1)Take the exposure after the second full inspiration. 2)Increase the degree of patient obliquity. 3)Decrease the degree of patient obliquity. 4)Move the IR and central ray inferiorly.

The right SC joint is visible away from the vertebral column, and the left SC joint is superimposing the vertebral column on a mobile AP chest projection. How should the positioning setup be adjusted to obtain an optimal image?

An AP neonate abdomen projection that was obtained with the patient in a slight RPO position will demonstrate

An AP neonatal chest projection with accurate positioning demonstrates 1)the right and left side inferior posterior ribs at equal lengths. 2)upwardly projecting anterior ribs. 3)at least nine posterior ribs above the diaphragm. 4)the chin superior to the airway.

A left lateral chest projection demonstrates the gastric air bubble directly beneath the superior hemidiaphragm. Which is the superior lung?

The IR is positioned ____ for a PA chest projection of a hypersthenic patient.

A PA chest projection obtained on expiration demonstrates 1)a narrower and longer heart shadow. 2)an underexposed image if exposure is not increased when a manual technique is used. 3)a broader and shorter heart shadow. 4)fewer than 10 posterior ribs above the diaphragm.

A PA chest projection obtained with the patient rotated into an RAO position demonstrates 1)1 inch (2.5 cm) of the apical lung field above the clavicles. 2)the vertebral column superimposed over the left sternoclavicular (SC) joint. 3)elevated lateral clavicular ends. 4)the left posterior ribs with greater length than the right posterior ribs.

An AP chest projection (lateral decubitus position) obtained with the right side positioned against the imaging table will best demonstrate which of the following conditions?

A supine AP abdomen projection obtained with the patient in an LPO position demonstrates 1)the sacrum and coccyx aligned with the symphysis pubis. 2)a distance from the pedicles to the spinous processes that is narrower on the right side than on the left side. 3)the sacrum rotated toward the patient's right side. 4)the symphysis pubis rotated toward the patient's right side.

Air-fluid levels on an AP chest projection 1)demonstrate an increase in density where the fluid is present. 2)are formed when air and fluid separate. 3)are precisely demonstrated when the patient is in a partially upright position. 4)are precisely demonstrated when the central ray is horizontal.

To best demonstrate intraperitoneal air,

A supine AP abdomen projection with accurate positioning demonstrates the 1)outline of the psoas major muscles and kidneys. 2)symphysis pubis. 3)spinous processes aligned with the midline of the vertebral bodies. 4)long axis of the vertebral column aligned with the long axis of the collimated field.

A left lateral chest projection with poor positioning demonstrates the humeri soft tissue superimposed over the anterior lung apices. How was the patient positioned for such an image to be obtained?