Exam 12: A: Physiology of the Muscular System

T-tubules are unique to muscle cells.

An accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle is the result of an oxygen debt.

Muscles with less than normal muscle tone are called spastic.

The shorter a muscle prior to contraction,the more tension it will be able to generate.

The anabolism of protein by muscle cells produces heat for the body.

Single-unit smooth muscle is another term for visceral muscle.

The sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells is identical to the rough endoplasmic reticulum in other cells.

Duchenne (pseudohypertrophic)muscular dystrophy is the most common type of muscular dystrophy.

The difference between red and white fibers is the amount of glycogen.

Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter that stimulates muscle contraction.

When a muscle contracts,the muscle always gets shorter.

The T-tubules in the heart form diads rather than the triads found in skeletal muscles.

During the latent period of muscle contraction,the impulse is transmitted from the sarcolemma to the sarcomere.

In smooth muscle cells,the protein calmodulin takes the place of the sarcoplasmic reticulum found in striated muscle cells.

In smooth muscle cells,the calcium needed for contraction comes from outside the cell rather than from inside the cell as it does in striated muscle contraction.

The release of calcium by the sarcoplasmic reticulum begins the contraction phase of a twitch contraction.

One I-band resides within two sarcomeres.

The more precise the muscle movement,the greater the number of muscle fibers activated by a motor neuron.

Tonic contractions give the muscle its muscle tone.

The sarcoplasmic reticulum continually pumps calcium ions out of the sarcoplasm and stores them in sacs.