Question 1

Urine is temporarily stored in the

Accepted Answer

A) urethra. 
B) urinary bladder. 
C) kidney. 
D) ureter. 
E) trigone. 
A) urethra. 
B) urinary bladder. 
C) kidney. 
D) ureter. 
E) trigone.

Question 2

How is the kidney involved with normal bone ossification and development?

Accepted Answer

A) Growth hormone is produced by the kidneys. 
B) Osteoblasts migrate from the kidney into the bone. 
C) Growth factors from the kidney direct the growth the epiphyseal cartilage plate in the bone. 
D) Injury to bone triggers a response in the kidney,which makes more rennin hormone. 
E) The kidney produces calcitriol. 
A) Growth hormone is produced by the kidneys. 
B) Osteoblasts migrate from the kidney into the bone. 
C) Growth factors from the kidney direct the growth the epiphyseal cartilage plate in the bone. 
D) Injury to bone triggers a response in the kidney,which makes more rennin hormone. 
E) The kidney produces calcitriol.

Question 3

Changes that occur in the urinary system with aging include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) a decline in the number of functional nephrons. 
B) a reduction in the GFR (glomerular filtration rate). 
C) increased sensitivity to ADH. 
D) problems with the micturition reflex. 
E) loss of sphincter muscle tone. 
A) a decline in the number of functional nephrons. 
B) a reduction in the GFR (glomerular filtration rate). 
C) increased sensitivity to ADH. 
D) problems with the micturition reflex. 
E) loss of sphincter muscle tone.

Question 4

Which of the following activities is not related to kidney function?

Accepted Answer

A) control of hydrogen ion and pH in the blood 
B) control of wastes in the blood 
C) lipid digestion 
D) regulation of blood pressure 
E) maintenance of various blood ion concentrations 
A) control of hydrogen ion and pH in the blood 
B) control of wastes in the blood 
C) lipid digestion 
D) regulation of blood pressure 
E) maintenance of various blood ion concentrations

Question 5

Functions of the urinary system include

Accepted Answer

A) regulation of blood volume and blood pressure. 
B) regulation of plasma concentration of certain ions. 
C) helping to stabilize blood pH. 
D) conservation of valuable nutrients. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) regulation of blood volume and blood pressure. 
B) regulation of plasma concentration of certain ions. 
C) helping to stabilize blood pH. 
D) conservation of valuable nutrients. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 6

The prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the

Accepted Answer

A) calyx. 
B) pelvis. 
C) ureter. 
D) hilum. 
E) pyramid. 
A) calyx. 
B) pelvis. 
C) ureter. 
D) hilum. 
E) pyramid.

Question 7

A drug that inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)may lead to

Accepted Answer

A) less secretion of aldosterone. 
B) increased urinary loss of sodium. 
C) reduction of blood pressure. 
D) decreased sodium reabsorption. 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) less secretion of aldosterone. 
B) increased urinary loss of sodium. 
C) reduction of blood pressure. 
D) decreased sodium reabsorption. 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Question 8

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)in the glomerulus is generated by

Accepted Answer

A) blood pressure. 
B) presence of albumin proteins in blood plasma. 
C) constriction of the efferent arteriole. 
D) protein in the filtrate. 
E) filtrate in the capsular space. 
A) blood pressure. 
B) presence of albumin proteins in blood plasma. 
C) constriction of the efferent arteriole. 
D) protein in the filtrate. 
E) filtrate in the capsular space.

Question 9

Why might a person take diuretics?

Accepted Answer

A) to reduce body weight 
B) to reduce water retention 
C) to reduce blood pressure 
D) to treat congestive heart failure 
E) All the answers are correct. 
A) to reduce body weight 
B) to reduce water retention 
C) to reduce blood pressure 
D) to treat congestive heart failure 
E) All the answers are correct.

Question 10

Capillaries that surround the proximal convoluted tubules are

Accepted Answer

A) proximal capillaries. 
B) corticoradiate capillaries. 
C) vasa recta capillaries. 
D) efferent arterioles. 
E) peritubular capillaries. 
A) proximal capillaries. 
B) corticoradiate capillaries. 
C) vasa recta capillaries. 
D) efferent arterioles. 
E) peritubular capillaries.

Question 11

The urinary system does all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) excreting excess albumin molecules. 
B) regulating blood volume. 
C) contributing to stabilizing blood pH. 
D) eliminating organic waste products. 
E) regulating plasma concentrations of electrolytes. 
A) excreting excess albumin molecules. 
B) regulating blood volume. 
C) contributing to stabilizing blood pH. 
D) eliminating organic waste products. 
E) regulating plasma concentrations of electrolytes.

Question 12

The following is a list of the blood vessels that carry blood to the kidney.In what order does blood pass through these vessels?
1) afferent arteriole
2) arcuate artery
3) interlobar artery
4) renal artery
5) glomerulus
6) cortical radiate artery
7) efferent arteriole
8) peritubular capillary

Accepted Answer

A) 4,6,2,3,1,5,7,8 
B) 4,3,2,6,1,5,7,8 
C) 4,3,2,6,7,5,1,8 
D) 4,6,2,3,7,5,1,8 
E) 4,3,6,2,1,5,7,8 
A) 4,6,2,3,1,5,7,8 
B) 4,3,2,6,1,5,7,8 
C) 4,3,2,6,7,5,1,8 
D) 4,6,2,3,7,5,1,8 
E) 4,3,6,2,1,5,7,8

Question 13

Basically,what occurs in the countercurrent multiplier process?

Accepted Answer

A) Sodium is pumped into the blood while potassium is actively transported out of the blood back into the tissues. 
B) A higher sodium concentration is produced in the kidney medulla tissue that osmotically draws out water,reducing it within the tubules and the urine. 
C) Glucose and sodium are cotransported from urine back into blood. 
D) Creatinine is actively transported out of the blood into urine. 
E) Uric acid is excreted into the kidney tubules while urea is reabsorbed in the loops of Henle. 
A) Sodium is pumped into the blood while potassium is actively transported out of the blood back into the tissues. 
B) A higher sodium concentration is produced in the kidney medulla tissue that osmotically draws out water,reducing it within the tubules and the urine. 
C) Glucose and sodium are cotransported from urine back into blood. 
D) Creatinine is actively transported out of the blood into urine. 
E) Uric acid is excreted into the kidney tubules while urea is reabsorbed in the loops of Henle.

Question 14

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the

Accepted Answer

A) afferent arteriole. 
B) efferent arteriole. 
C) vasa recta. 
D) interlobular arteriole. 
E) renal vein. 
A) afferent arteriole. 
B) efferent arteriole. 
C) vasa recta. 
D) interlobular arteriole. 
E) renal vein.

Question 15

The ________ is a capillary bed that parallels the nephron loop (loop of Henle).

Accepted Answer

A) glomerulus 
B) peritubular capillary bed 
C) afferent arteriolar bed 
D) collecting duct 
E) vasa recta 
A) glomerulus 
B) peritubular capillary bed 
C) afferent arteriolar bed 
D) collecting duct 
E) vasa recta

Question 16

The majority of glomeruli are located in the ________ of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) vasa recta 
B) medulla 
C) cortex 
D) pelvis 
E) calyces 
A) vasa recta 
B) medulla 
C) cortex 
D) pelvis 
E) calyces

Question 17

Renal columns are

Accepted Answer

A) internal cavities lined by the fibrous capsule. 
B) expanded ends of the ureters. 
C) the basic functional units of the kidney. 
D) bundles of tissue that extend between pyramids from the cortex. 
E) conical structures that are located in the renal medulla. 
A) internal cavities lined by the fibrous capsule. 
B) expanded ends of the ureters. 
C) the basic functional units of the kidney. 
D) bundles of tissue that extend between pyramids from the cortex. 
E) conical structures that are located in the renal medulla.

Question 18

The efferent arteriole of a nephron divides to form a network of capillaries within the cortex called the ________ capillaries.

Accepted Answer

A) peritubular 
B) glomerular 
C) vasa recta 
D) cortical 
E) efferent 
A) peritubular 
B) glomerular 
C) vasa recta 
D) cortical 
E) efferent

Question 19

Eighty percent of nephrons in the human kidney are located in the ________ and have short nephron loops.

Accepted Answer

A) cortex 
B) medulla 
C) pyramids 
D) capsule 
E) pelvis 
A) cortex 
B) medulla 
C) pyramids 
D) capsule 
E) pelvis

Question 20

Which of the following statements is false regarding micturition?

Accepted Answer

A) When you relax the external urethral sphincter,the internal sphincter will relax. 
B) Urination will be completed despite voluntary opposition. 
C) Parasympathetic nervous control is involved with the micturition reflex. 
D) Stretch receptors in the bladder are stimulated by the warm temperature of the urine. 
E) Bladder contractions can force open the internal urethral sphincter. 
A) When you relax the external urethral sphincter,the internal sphincter will relax. 
B) Urination will be completed despite voluntary opposition. 
C) Parasympathetic nervous control is involved with the micturition reflex. 
D) Stretch receptors in the bladder are stimulated by the warm temperature of the urine. 
E) Bladder contractions can force open the internal urethral sphincter.

Exam 26: The Urinary System

Urine is temporarily stored in the

How is the kidney involved with normal bone ossification and development?

Changes that occur in the urinary system with aging include all of the following except

Which of the following activities is not related to kidney function?

Functions of the urinary system include

The prominent indentation on the medial surface of the kidney is the

A drug that inhibits angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)may lead to

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (BCOP)in the glomerulus is generated by

Why might a person take diuretics?

Capillaries that surround the proximal convoluted tubules are

The urinary system does all of the following except

The following is a list of the blood vessels that carry blood to the kidney.In what order does blood pass through these vessels? 1) afferent arteriole 2) arcuate artery 3) interlobar artery 4) renal artery 5) glomerulus 6) cortical radiate artery 7) efferent arteriole 8) peritubular capillary

Basically,what occurs in the countercurrent multiplier process?

Blood leaves the glomerulus through a blood vessel called the

The ________ is a capillary bed that parallels the nephron loop (loop of Henle).

The majority of glomeruli are located in the ________ of the kidney.

Renal columns are

The efferent arteriole of a nephron divides to form a network of capillaries within the cortex called the ________ capillaries.

Eighty percent of nephrons in the human kidney are located in the ________ and have short nephron loops.

Which of the following statements is false regarding micturition?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Neural Tissue

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters