Question 1

Which of the following is not among the advantages of objective tests,as presented in your textbook?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are easily administered. 
B)  They are highly structured. 
C)  They have good reliability. 
D)  They only measure conscious factors. 
A)  They are easily administered. 
B)  They are highly structured. 
C)  They have good reliability. 
D)  They only measure conscious factors.

Question 2

Slick Lefty,a convicted criminal,is taking an objective test of personality.Slick Lefty wants to give the impression that he is ready for parole.What should the clinician,who is giving the test to Slick Lefty,remember about objective tests?

Accepted Answer

A)  People can figure out how to give socially desirable answers. 
B)  They are not useful in identifying personality differences. 
C)  They have low reliability and validity. 
D)  They are difficult to administer. 
A)  People can figure out how to give socially desirable answers. 
B)  They are not useful in identifying personality differences. 
C)  They have low reliability and validity. 
D)  They are difficult to administer.

Question 3

The acronym OCEAN refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  an objective measure of personality 
B)  defense mechanisms 
C)  The Big Five traits 
D)  the elements of social cognitive theory 
A)  an objective measure of personality 
B)  defense mechanisms 
C)  The Big Five traits 
D)  the elements of social cognitive theory

Question 4

A researcher administers a new personality test to 20 college students.Six months later she readministers the test and finds that her results are not at all consistent with those gathered at the first test administration.The researcher's test has a problem of:

Accepted Answer

A)  validity 
B)  reliability 
C)  probability 
D)  replicative credibility 
A)  validity 
B)  reliability 
C)  probability 
D)  replicative credibility

Question 5

The Big Five refers to traits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Sarah has just received a job offer for a position that doesn't pay well and has few opportunities for advancement.But jobs are scarce.Does she take the job and forego another more favorable job offer in the future? She decides to say no to the present offer.She is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

A)  regression 
B)  delay of gratification 
C)  fixation 
D)  an approach-approach conflict 
A)  regression 
B)  delay of gratification 
C)  fixation 
D)  an approach-approach conflict

Question 7

Juana went to a fortuneteller at the county fair and was amazed at how accurate the fortuneteller was in describing her personality.It is likely that the fortuneteller's accuracy was due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  ESP 
B)  the Barnum principle 
C)  inside information 
D)  projective techniques 
A)  ESP 
B)  the Barnum principle 
C)  inside information 
D)  projective techniques

Question 8

A trait is a relatively stable and enduring tendency to behave in a certain way.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Two variables that have minimal impact on personality development are:

Accepted Answer

A)  the family's economic status and the child's gender 
B)  genetics and nonshared environmental factors 
C)  parental practices and shared family experiences 
D)  shared environmental factors and genetics 
A)  the family's economic status and the child's gender 
B)  genetics and nonshared environmental factors 
C)  parental practices and shared family experiences 
D)  shared environmental factors and genetics

Question 10

Albert Bandura developed a theory by which personality development is influenced by highly developed language ability,observational learning,purposeful behavior,and self-analysis.His theory is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  social cognitive theory 
B)  self-actualization theory 
C)  self-efficacy theory 
D)  trait theory 
A)  social cognitive theory 
B)  self-actualization theory 
C)  self-efficacy theory 
D)  trait theory

Question 11

Why do many employers require potential employees to take personality tests?

Accepted Answer

A)  to see how applicants handle stress and negative feedback 
B)  protection from legal liability 
C)  for tax savings 
D)  to predict how well the person will fit with the job 
A)  to see how applicants handle stress and negative feedback 
B)  protection from legal liability 
C)  for tax savings 
D)  to predict how well the person will fit with the job

Question 12

Little research support has been found in different cultures for OCEAN.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Why would an employer give job applicants a personality test? What are the benefits?

Accepted Answer

Employers often give job applicants a pe

Question 14

You are writing a paper for a class.As you start writing,you notice that you keep on evaluating your work.You keep deleting what you've just written and decide to take a different approach in your paper.Your ____ allows you to monitor your writing.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-analysis 
B)  purposeful behavior 
C)  locus of control 
D)  observational learning 
A)  self-analysis 
B)  purposeful behavior 
C)  locus of control 
D)  observational learning

Question 15

One of the best-known objective tests for personality is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Thematic Apperception Test 
B)  Rorschach inkblot test 
C)  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 
D)  Locus of Control Inventory 
A)  Thematic Apperception Test 
B)  Rorschach inkblot test 
C)  Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 
D)  Locus of Control Inventory

Question 16

According to trait theory,you can predict behavior from one situation to another situation provided that:

Accepted Answer

A)  you observe the person several times 
B)  the two situations are essentially the same 
C)  the two situations occur in contiguous time 
D)  the behavior is easily described 
A)  you observe the person several times 
B)  the two situations are essentially the same 
C)  the two situations occur in contiguous time 
D)  the behavior is easily described

Question 17

What was the disadvantage to the list of traits developed by Gordon Allport?

Accepted Answer

A)  traits cannot be measured 
B)  some traits were poorly defined 
C)  there were too few traits 
D)  it was too long 
A)  traits cannot be measured 
B)  some traits were poorly defined 
C)  there were too few traits 
D)  it was too long

Question 18

"Who you are is shaped by the environment,personal-cognitive factors,and behaviors all interacting and influencing how information is processed and used." What kind of theorist would be most likely to make that statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  social cognitive 
B)  trait 
C)  humanistic 
D)  analytical 
A)  social cognitive 
B)  trait 
C)  humanistic 
D)  analytical

Question 19

The heritability of IQ is about 10%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Suicide bombers in the Middle East tend to be motivated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  personal and cultural influences 
B)  peer pressure 
C)  poorly developed egos 
D)  unconscious conflict and cultural influences 
A)  personal and cultural influences 
B)  peer pressure 
C)  poorly developed egos 
D)  unconscious conflict and cultural influences

Exam 20: Social and Cognitive and Trait Theories

Which of the following is not among the advantages of objective tests,as presented in your textbook?

Slick Lefty,a convicted criminal,is taking an objective test of personality.Slick Lefty wants to give the impression that he is ready for parole.What should the clinician,who is giving the test to Slick Lefty,remember about objective tests?

The acronym OCEAN refers to:

A researcher administers a new personality test to 20 college students.Six months later she readministers the test and finds that her results are not at all consistent with those gathered at the first test administration.The researcher's test has a problem of:

The Big Five refers to traits.

Sarah has just received a job offer for a position that doesn't pay well and has few opportunities for advancement.But jobs are scarce.Does she take the job and forego another more favorable job offer in the future? She decides to say no to the present offer.She is experiencing:

Juana went to a fortuneteller at the county fair and was amazed at how accurate the fortuneteller was in describing her personality.It is likely that the fortuneteller's accuracy was due to:

A trait is a relatively stable and enduring tendency to behave in a certain way.

Two variables that have minimal impact on personality development are:

Albert Bandura developed a theory by which personality development is influenced by highly developed language ability,observational learning,purposeful behavior,and self-analysis.His theory is called:

Why do many employers require potential employees to take personality tests?

Little research support has been found in different cultures for OCEAN.

Why would an employer give job applicants a personality test? What are the benefits?

You are writing a paper for a class.As you start writing,you notice that you keep on evaluating your work.You keep deleting what you've just written and decide to take a different approach in your paper.Your ____ allows you to monitor your writing.

One of the best-known objective tests for personality is the:

According to trait theory,you can predict behavior from one situation to another situation provided that:

What was the disadvantage to the list of traits developed by Gordon Allport?

"Who you are is shaped by the environment,personal-cognitive factors,and behaviors all interacting and influencing how information is processed and used." What kind of theorist would be most likely to make that statement?

The heritability of IQ is about 10%.

Suicide bombers in the Middle East tend to be motivated by:

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