Question 1

The scientific method suggests that when data contradict one's theory, the researcher should

Accepted Answer

A) critically attack the weaknesses of the data. 
B) modify or discard the theory. 
C) search for support for the theory in other writings. 
D) steadfastly defend the theory against criticism. 
A) critically attack the weaknesses of the data. 
B) modify or discard the theory. 
C) search for support for the theory in other writings. 
D) steadfastly defend the theory against criticism.

Question 2

The clinical method is like

Accepted Answer

A) fighting a much stronger opponent. 
B) having a conversation with a stranger. 
C) waiting in line to be served. 
D) giving a sales pitch for a useless product. 
A) fighting a much stronger opponent. 
B) having a conversation with a stranger. 
C) waiting in line to be served. 
D) giving a sales pitch for a useless product.

Question 3

Tronick et al. (2005) used the ____ method in their study of mother-child interactions in children who were prenatally exposed to cocaine.

Accepted Answer

A) case study 
B) experimental 
C) clinical 
D) structured observation 
A) case study 
B) experimental 
C) clinical 
D) structured observation

Question 4

A strength of the longitudinal design is its ability to identify

Accepted Answer

A) cohort effects. 
B) gender differences between girls and boys. 
C) long-term individual differences among children. 
D) ethnographic differences in multicultural populations. 
A) cohort effects. 
B) gender differences between girls and boys. 
C) long-term individual differences among children. 
D) ethnographic differences in multicultural populations.

Question 5

Natural (or quasi-) experiments differ from real experiments in the sense that

Accepted Answer

A) the IV is selected but not manipulated or controlled. 
B) both variables are IVs. 
C) experimental control is strengthened. 
D) causes of behaviors are identified more clearly. 
A) the IV is selected but not manipulated or controlled. 
B) both variables are IVs. 
C) experimental control is strengthened. 
D) causes of behaviors are identified more clearly.

Question 6

When Halpern and her colleagues adopted a biopsychosocial approach in their research, this suggests the ____________ perspective of human development.

Accepted Answer

A) correlational 
B) microgenetic 
C) holistic 
D) lifespan 
A) correlational 
B) microgenetic 
C) holistic 
D) lifespan

Question 7

A set of concepts and propositions designed to organize, describe, and explain a set of observations is known as

Accepted Answer

A) a hypothesis. 
B) a theory. 
C) an observation. 
D) an experiment. 
A) a hypothesis. 
B) a theory. 
C) an observation. 
D) an experiment.

Question 8

Suppose researchers find that the average American baby begins to stand by itself at the age of 10 months. This finding is related to ____ development.

Accepted Answer

A) psychoanalytic 
B) ideographic 
C) nonrepresentative 
D) normative 
A) psychoanalytic 
B) ideographic 
C) nonrepresentative 
D) normative

Question 9

George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, Cher, Steven Spielberg, and Ken Starr were all born in 1946; this means that they are all members of the same

Accepted Answer

A) cohort. 
B) longitude. 
C) practice effect. 
D) ecological validator. 
A) cohort. 
B) longitude. 
C) practice effect. 
D) ecological validator.

Question 10

The purpose of randomization or random assignment is to

Accepted Answer

A) eliminate participants who are too indecisive. 
B) make the experiment impressively complicated. 
C) prevent psychics from distorting the results through paranormal influences. 
D) control confounding variables by equalizing the experimental conditions. 
A) eliminate participants who are too indecisive. 
B) make the experiment impressively complicated. 
C) prevent psychics from distorting the results through paranormal influences. 
D) control confounding variables by equalizing the experimental conditions.

Question 11

In an experiment, the factor that is studied, controlled, and manipulated is called the ____ variable.

Accepted Answer

A) ecological 
B) independent 
C) confounding 
D) dependent 
A) ecological 
B) independent 
C) confounding 
D) dependent

Question 12

In contrast with other designs, the ____ research design has a unique capability to assess whether harmful cohort effects are present.

Accepted Answer

A) experimental 
B) sequential 
C) correlational 
D) cross-sectional 
A) experimental 
B) sequential 
C) correlational 
D) cross-sectional

Question 13

A strong advantage of the longitudinal design is

Accepted Answer

A) that informed consent is unnecessary. 
B) its ability to discern differences among cohorts. 
C) that it follows the development of individuals. 
D) its immunity from selective attrition. 
A) that informed consent is unnecessary. 
B) its ability to discern differences among cohorts. 
C) that it follows the development of individuals. 
D) its immunity from selective attrition.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of microgenetic techniques?

Accepted Answer

A) Microgenetic techniques are very complex and difficult to implement. 
B) Microgenetic research is typically very costly and time-consuming. 
C) Microgenetic research is too specific. 
D) Practice effects in microgenetic research can lead to confounds. 
A) Microgenetic techniques are very complex and difficult to implement. 
B) Microgenetic research is typically very costly and time-consuming. 
C) Microgenetic research is too specific. 
D) Practice effects in microgenetic research can lead to confounds.

Question 15

The ____ method is appropriate when the research focus is to understand a particular child.

Accepted Answer

A) correlational 
B) case study 
C) cross-sectional 
D) experimental 
A) correlational 
B) case study 
C) cross-sectional 
D) experimental

Question 16

CROSS-SECTIONAL is to LONGITUDINAL as ____ is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) PET :: CHILD 
B) RANDOM :: SYSTEMATIC 
C) PRESENT :: FUTURE 
D) PATIENCE :: HURRIED 
A) PET :: CHILD 
B) RANDOM :: SYSTEMATIC 
C) PRESENT :: FUTURE 
D) PATIENCE :: HURRIED

Question 17

Give examples of how a child could be active and passive in his or her development.

Accepted Answer

A child can be a passive receptacle of t

Question 18

____ is needed to determine whether a developmental principle is universal among all peoples.

Accepted Answer

A) Random assignment 
B) Selective attrition 
C) Cross-cultural comparison 
D) Longitudinal follow-up 
A) Random assignment 
B) Selective attrition 
C) Cross-cultural comparison 
D) Longitudinal follow-up

Question 19

The clinical method for research is especially WEAK on

Accepted Answer

A) its individualized content of questions. 
B) flexibility in the sequencing of questions. 
C) encouraging the child to explain his or her answers. 
D) standardization. 
A) its individualized content of questions. 
B) flexibility in the sequencing of questions. 
C) encouraging the child to explain his or her answers. 
D) standardization.

Question 20

Reliability means that the measurement

Accepted Answer

A) actually measures the targeted variable. 
B) is free from any confounding factors. 
C) is stable over time or across observers. 
D) has real validity. 
A) actually measures the targeted variable. 
B) is free from any confounding factors. 
C) is stable over time or across observers. 
D) has real validity.

The scientific method suggests that when data contradict one's theory, the researcher should

The clinical method is like

Tronick et al. (2005) used the ____ method in their study of mother-child interactions in children who were prenatally exposed to cocaine.

A strength of the longitudinal design is its ability to identify

Natural (or quasi-) experiments differ from real experiments in the sense that

When Halpern and her colleagues adopted a biopsychosocial approach in their research, this suggests the ____________ perspective of human development.

A set of concepts and propositions designed to organize, describe, and explain a set of observations is known as

Suppose researchers find that the average American baby begins to stand by itself at the age of 10 months. This finding is related to ____ development.

George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, Cher, Steven Spielberg, and Ken Starr were all born in 1946; this means that they are all members of the same

The purpose of randomization or random assignment is to

In an experiment, the factor that is studied, controlled, and manipulated is called the ____ variable.

In contrast with other designs, the ____ research design has a unique capability to assess whether harmful cohort effects are present.

A strong advantage of the longitudinal design is

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of microgenetic techniques?

The ____ method is appropriate when the research focus is to understand a particular child.

CROSS-SECTIONAL is to LONGITUDINAL as is to .

Give examples of how a child could be active and passive in his or her development.

____ is needed to determine whether a developmental principle is universal among all peoples.

The clinical method for research is especially WEAK on

Reliability means that the measurement

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Infancy

Physical Development: the Brain, the Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self-Concept

Sex Differences and Gender-Role Development

Aggression, Altruism, and Moral Development

The Context of Development I: the Family

The Context of Development

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Developmental Psychology and Its Research Strategies

The scientific method suggests that when data contradict one's theory, the researcher should

The clinical method is like

Tronick et al. (2005) used the ____ method in their study of mother-child interactions in children who were prenatally exposed to cocaine.

A strength of the longitudinal design is its ability to identify

Natural (or quasi-) experiments differ from real experiments in the sense that

When Halpern and her colleagues adopted a biopsychosocial approach in their research, this suggests the ____________ perspective of human development.

A set of concepts and propositions designed to organize, describe, and explain a set of observations is known as

Suppose researchers find that the average American baby begins to stand by itself at the age of 10 months. This finding is related to ____ development.

George W. Bush, Bill Clinton, Cher, Steven Spielberg, and Ken Starr were all born in 1946; this means that they are all members of the same

The purpose of randomization or random assignment is to

In an experiment, the factor that is studied, controlled, and manipulated is called the ____ variable.

In contrast with other designs, the ____ research design has a unique capability to assess whether harmful cohort effects are present.

A strong advantage of the longitudinal design is

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of microgenetic techniques?

The ____ method is appropriate when the research focus is to understand a particular child.

CROSS-SECTIONAL is to LONGITUDINAL as ____ is to ____.

Give examples of how a child could be active and passive in his or her development.

____ is needed to determine whether a developmental principle is universal among all peoples.

The clinical method for research is especially WEAK on

Reliability means that the measurement

Hereditary Influences on Development

Prenatal Development and Birth

Infancy

Physical Development: the Brain, the Body, Motor Skills, and Sexual Development

Cognitive Development: Piagets Theory and Vygotskys Sociocultural Viewpoint

Cognitive Development: Information-Processing Perspectives

Intelligence: Measuring Mental Performance

Development of Language and Communication Skills

Emotional Development, Temperament, and Attachment

Development of the Self-Concept

Sex Differences and Gender-Role Development

Aggression, Altruism, and Moral Development

The Context of Development I: the Family

The Context of Development

Filters

CROSS-SECTIONAL is to LONGITUDINAL as is to .