Exam 2: Theories of Human Development

The statement, "Change is different from person to person because cultures differ from person to person" best fits with the _____ approach to development.

Which defense mechanism involves removing unacceptable thoughts from consciousness?

The main focus of ethology is in understanding the evolved behavior of a species in its natural environment.

Oedipus is to Electra as

According to Freud, the personality component underlying the crying of a hungry newborn is called the

Which perspective argues that human development takes many paths and is minimally influenced by physiological factors?

Freudians believe that boys love their mothers and fear castration by their fathers in a process called the _____ complex.

In Watson and Raynor's study with Little Albert, a white rat served as a conditioned response.

A list of the most influential systems theorists would include the name

Freudians believe that when experiencing an Oedipus complex, a boy will fear that his father will retaliate by _____ him.

Describe the differences between Bronfenbrenner's and Gottlieb's approaches to development. Then discuss why they can both be categorized as systems theories.

Regression is one example of a defense mechanism.

In public, Mr. Mistoffelees is a strong advocate of animal rights. In reality, he has an unconscious desire to gratify himself by being cruel to cats. Freud would argue that Mr. Mistoffelees' is exhibiting

In operant conditioning, _____ occurs when something pleasant is added to a situation and, as a result, the likelihood of a behavior reoccurring is strengthened.

The term tabula rasa is best translated as "blank slate."

Bob is currently questioning himself. Which question would indicate that Bob is currently in Erikson's integrity versus despair stage of life?

In operant conditioning terms, a negative consequence

The preschool-aged child is typically in which of Erikson's psychosocial stages?

Bandura used the phrase _____ when describing the ways in which humans exercise deliberate cognitive control over their lives and environments.

Miley is a strong believer in the power of nature in determining the way her son Cyrus acts. As a result, she is most likely to agree that Cyrus's aggression is the result of