Question 1

What is a large-sized pulmonary embolus likely to cause?

Accepted Answer

A) hypertension and left-sided heart failure 
B) atelectasis and respiratory failure 
C) hypotension and right-sided heart failure 
D) pleural effusion and atelectasis 
A) hypertension and left-sided heart failure 
B) atelectasis and respiratory failure 
C) hypotension and right-sided heart failure 
D) pleural effusion and atelectasis C

Question 2

What does the term hemoptysis refer to?

Accepted Answer

A) thick,dark red sputum associated with pneumococcal infection 
B) reddish-brown granular blood found in vomitus 
C) bright red streaks of blood in frothy sputum 
D) bloody exudate in the pleural cavity 
A) thick,dark red sputum associated with pneumococcal infection 
B) reddish-brown granular blood found in vomitus 
C) bright red streaks of blood in frothy sputum 
D) bloody exudate in the pleural cavity C

Question 3

What would hypercapnia cause?

Accepted Answer

A) increased serum pH 
B) decreased respirations 
C) respiratory acidosis 
D) decreased carbonic acid in the blood 
A) increased serum pH 
B) decreased respirations 
C) respiratory acidosis 
D) decreased carbonic acid in the blood C

Question 4

The maximum volume of air a person can exhale after a maximum inspiration is termed the:

Accepted Answer

A) expiratory reserve volume 
B) inspiratory reserve volume 
C) total lung capacity 
D) vital capacity 
A) expiratory reserve volume 
B) inspiratory reserve volume 
C) total lung capacity 
D) vital capacity

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a cause of pulmonary edema?

Accepted Answer

A) left-sided congestive heart failure 
B) excessive blood volume (overload) 
C) inhalation of toxic gases 
D) hyperproteinemia and increasing osmotic pressure of the blood 
A) left-sided congestive heart failure 
B) excessive blood volume (overload) 
C) inhalation of toxic gases 
D) hyperproteinemia and increasing osmotic pressure of the blood

Question 6

All of the following are expected with infant respiratory distress syndrome EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) severe hypoxia 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) pulmonary vasoconstriction 
D) fluid and protein in the alveoli 
A) severe hypoxia 
B) respiratory alkalosis 
C) pulmonary vasoconstriction 
D) fluid and protein in the alveoli

Question 7

Which of the following drugs is usually prescribed for prophylaxis in persons in close contact with a patient with active tuberculosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Streptomycin 
B) Isoniazid 
C) Rifampin 
D) streptomycin 
A) Streptomycin 
B) Isoniazid 
C) Rifampin 
D) streptomycin

Question 8

Growth and development of a child with cystic fibrosis may be delayed because of:

Accepted Answer

A) deficit of gastric enzymes for protein digestion 
B) mucus plugs obstructing the flow of pancreatic enzymes 
C) lack of available treatment for steatorrhea 
D) abnormal salivary secretions 
A) deficit of gastric enzymes for protein digestion 
B) mucus plugs obstructing the flow of pancreatic enzymes 
C) lack of available treatment for steatorrhea 
D) abnormal salivary secretions

Question 9

What are typical signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?

Accepted Answer

A) hyperinflation of the chest and stridor 
B) hoarse voice and barking cough 
C) sudden fever,sore throat,and drooling saliva 
D) sneezing,mild cough,and fever 
A) hyperinflation of the chest and stridor 
B) hoarse voice and barking cough 
C) sudden fever,sore throat,and drooling saliva 
D) sneezing,mild cough,and fever

Question 10

Destruction of alveolar walls and septae is a typical change in:

Accepted Answer

A) chronic bronchitis 
B) acute asthma 
C) emphysema 
D) asbestosis 
A) chronic bronchitis 
B) acute asthma 
C) emphysema 
D) asbestosis

Question 11

What is the acid-base status of a patient with the following values for arterial blood gases?
Serum bicarbonate 36.5 mmol/L (normal range: 22-28)
PCO₂ 75 mm Hg (normal range: 35-45)
Serum pH 7.0

Accepted Answer

A) compensated metabolic acidosis 
B) decompensated metabolic acidosis 
C) compensated respiratory acidosis 
D) decompensated respiratory acidosis 
A) compensated metabolic acidosis 
B) decompensated metabolic acidosis 
C) compensated respiratory acidosis 
D) decompensated respiratory acidosis

Question 12

The respiratory mucosa is continuous through the:
1)upper and lower respiratory tracts
2)nasal cavities and the sinuses
3)nasopharynx and oropharynx
4)middle ear cavity and auditory tube

Accepted Answer

A) 1 only 
B) 1,2 
C) 2,3 
D) 1,3,4 
E) 1,2,3,4 
A) 1 only 
B) 1,2 
C) 2,3 
D) 1,3,4 
E) 1,2,3,4

Question 13

Rust-colored sputum in a patient with pneumonia usually indicates:

Accepted Answer

A) secondary hemorrhage in the lungs 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae is the infecting agent 
C) prolonged stasis of mucous secretions in the airways 
D) persistent coughing has damaged the mucosa in the bronchi 
A) secondary hemorrhage in the lungs 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae is the infecting agent 
C) prolonged stasis of mucous secretions in the airways 
D) persistent coughing has damaged the mucosa in the bronchi

Question 14

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) TB bacilli are spread by oral droplet. 
B) TB bacilli multiply rapidly under anaerobic conditions. 
C) Active TB must be treated in hospital for many months. 
D) Active TB can be prevented by good host resistance. 
A) TB bacilli are spread by oral droplet. 
B) TB bacilli multiply rapidly under anaerobic conditions. 
C) Active TB must be treated in hospital for many months. 
D) Active TB can be prevented by good host resistance.

Question 15

Select the statement related to tuberculosis:

Accepted Answer

A) The microbe is present in the sputum of all patients with a positive TB skin test. 
B) The infection is transmitted primarily by blood from an infected person. 
C) The microbe is an acid-fast bacillus,resistant to many disinfectants. 
D) The microbe is quickly destroyed by the immune response. 
A) The microbe is present in the sputum of all patients with a positive TB skin test. 
B) The infection is transmitted primarily by blood from an infected person. 
C) The microbe is an acid-fast bacillus,resistant to many disinfectants. 
D) The microbe is quickly destroyed by the immune response.

Question 16

What happens in the lungs when the diaphragm relaxes?

Accepted Answer

A) Air is forced out of the lungs. 
B) Lung volume increases. 
C) Intrapulmonic pressure decreases. 
D) Intrapleural pressure decreases. 
A) Air is forced out of the lungs. 
B) Lung volume increases. 
C) Intrapulmonic pressure decreases. 
D) Intrapleural pressure decreases.

Question 17

The use of a continuous positive airway pump in the treatment of sleep apnea will:

Accepted Answer

A) reduce bronchospasm 
B) force expansion of pleural membranes 
C) prevent collapse of pharyngeal tissues 
D) awaken the person and increase respirations 
A) reduce bronchospasm 
B) force expansion of pleural membranes 
C) prevent collapse of pharyngeal tissues 
D) awaken the person and increase respirations

Question 18

Which of the following is typical of progressive emphysema?

Accepted Answer

A) Vital capacity increases. 
B) Residual lung volume increases. 
C) Forced expiratory volume increases. 
D) Tidal volume increases. 
A) Vital capacity increases. 
B) Residual lung volume increases. 
C) Forced expiratory volume increases. 
D) Tidal volume increases.

Question 19

Which of the following predisposes to postoperative aspiration?

Accepted Answer

A) reduced pressure of the abdominal organs on the diaphragm 
B) depression of the vomiting center by anesthetics and analgesics 
C) depression of the cough and swallow reflexes by drugs 
D) lack of food intake for the previous 24 hours 
A) reduced pressure of the abdominal organs on the diaphragm 
B) depression of the vomiting center by anesthetics and analgesics 
C) depression of the cough and swallow reflexes by drugs 
D) lack of food intake for the previous 24 hours

Question 20

When does flail chest occur?

Accepted Answer

A) An open puncture wound involves the pleural membranes. 
B) The visceral pleura is torn by a fractured rib. 
C) Several ribs are fractured at two sites. 
D) Increasing fluid in the pleural cavity causes atelectasis. 
A) An open puncture wound involves the pleural membranes. 
B) The visceral pleura is torn by a fractured rib. 
C) Several ribs are fractured at two sites. 
D) Increasing fluid in the pleural cavity causes atelectasis.

Exam 19: Respiratory Disorders

What is a large-sized pulmonary embolus likely to cause?

What does the term hemoptysis refer to?

What would hypercapnia cause?

The maximum volume of air a person can exhale after a maximum inspiration is termed the:

Which of the following is NOT a cause of pulmonary edema?

All of the following are expected with infant respiratory distress syndrome EXCEPT:

Which of the following drugs is usually prescribed for prophylaxis in persons in close contact with a patient with active tuberculosis?

Growth and development of a child with cystic fibrosis may be delayed because of:

What are typical signs and symptoms of epiglottitis?

Destruction of alveolar walls and septae is a typical change in:

What is the acid-base status of a patient with the following values for arterial blood gases? Serum bicarbonate 36.5 mmol/L (normal range: 22-28) PCO₂ 75 mm Hg (normal range: 35-45) Serum pH 7.0

The respiratory mucosa is continuous through the: 1)upper and lower respiratory tracts 2)nasal cavities and the sinuses 3)nasopharynx and oropharynx 4)middle ear cavity and auditory tube

Rust-colored sputum in a patient with pneumonia usually indicates:

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Select the statement related to tuberculosis:

What happens in the lungs when the diaphragm relaxes?

The use of a continuous positive airway pump in the treatment of sleep apnea will:

Which of the following is typical of progressive emphysema?

Which of the following predisposes to postoperative aspiration?

When does flail chest occur?

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Inflammation and Healing

Immunity and Abnormal Responses

Infection

Neoplasms

Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Imbalances

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Diseases Associated With Adolescence

Potential Complications of Pregnancy

Aging and Disease Processes

Effects of Immobility

The Influence of Stress

Pain

Substance Abuse

Environmental Hazards

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Selected Therapies

Blood and Lymphatic Disorders

Cardiovascular Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Acute Neurological Disorders

Chronic Neurologic Disorders

Disorders of the Eye and Ear

Endocrine Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Skin Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

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