Exam 3: Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

The Golgi apparatus

When looking at a plant leaf through a light microscope,you notice small green organelles moving around in the cytoplasm of every cell.What organelle are you most likely seeing?

Microtubules are responsible for

Which of the following is NOT a function of the plant vacuole?

Prokaryotic cells are generally larger than eukaryotic cells.

Cilia are usually thicker and longer than flagella.

What components of the plasma membrane of an animal cell would you find at its innermost surface,directly exposed to the cytoplasm?

Prokaryotes and eukaryotes are primarily distinguished by the absence or presence of internal,membrane-bound organelles.Are prokaryotic cells at an evolutionary disadvantage because they lack organelles?

You are an astronaut and have discovered an alien photosynthetic organism.It has organelles that are responsible for photosynthesis; these organelles appear to work in much the same way as the chloroplasts in plants on Earth.The only difference is that they are red.Which color of light is NOT likely to drive photosynthesis in these alien organelles?

In eukaryotic cells,most of the ATP used for cellular reactions is produced by the specialized,membrane-enclosed compartments known as ________.

Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles.

The process of photosynthesis

The microfilaments that allow cells to move contain the protein ________.

The ________ has a double membrane,DNA,and stacks of hollow membranous disks,but no cristae.

The contents of cells are often visualized with fluorescent (glow-in-the-dark)stains.You treat a cell with a stain that makes a certain part of the cytoskeleton glow green and another stain that makes mitochondria glow red.Under the microscope,you see a meshwork of green filaments throughout the cell.Red organelles appear to be traveling along the filaments.The green stain you used must stain

Using an electron microscope,you notice an organelle that consists of stacks of membranes and appears to be producing vesicles.This organelle is most likely

The inner membranes of both mitochondria and chloroplasts are folded into various arrangements.What is the advantage of having a folded membrane rather than a simple interior membrane that follows the same oval shape as the exterior membrane?

The boundary structure that physically defines a cell is the

Microtubules are composed of tubulin monomers.

In eukaryotic cells,the nucleus,chloroplasts,and mitochondria all have double membranes.