Question 1

Sympatric speciation always follows allopatric speciation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Some scientists believe that amphibians may be the victims of the next mass extinction.If this does occur,other classes of animals may adapt to the ecological niches vacated by the amphibians in a process called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some scientists believe that amphibians may be...

Question 3

Speciation

Accepted Answer

A)  can result from geographic isolation. 
B)  is directed. 
C)  occurs only in ring species. 
D)  reduces variation. 
A)  can result from geographic isolation. 
B)  is directed. 
C)  occurs only in ring species. 
D)  reduces variation.

Question 4

Why have the two plant populations depicted in the following diagram become so different in the time they were separated by the ocean?

Accepted Answer

A)  A small group of individuals carrying only the tall allele established a new population on the right side of the ocean. 
B)  The amount of gene flow between the two populations increased when the ocean separated the plants, so mutations moved from one population to another. 
C)  When sea levels rose, it killed all of the plants on the right side of the figure. A new species evolved from another plant species already existing in the mountains on the right. 
D)  The separated populations adapted to the different environments on each side of the ocean and became reproductively isolated. 
A)  A small group of individuals carrying only the tall allele established a new population on the right side of the ocean. 
B)  The amount of gene flow between the two populations increased when the ocean separated the plants, so mutations moved from one population to another. 
C)  When sea levels rose, it killed all of the plants on the right side of the figure. A new species evolved from another plant species already existing in the mountains on the right. 
D)  The separated populations adapted to the different environments on each side of the ocean and became reproductively isolated.

Question 5

In general,geographical isolation occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  populations migrate to new environments. 
B)  gene flow is reduced by more than 75 percent due to climate change. 
C)  mutations overcome genetic drift across physical barriers. 
D)  populations are separated by a distance that is great enough to limit gene flow. 
A)  populations migrate to new environments. 
B)  gene flow is reduced by more than 75 percent due to climate change. 
C)  mutations overcome genetic drift across physical barriers. 
D)  populations are separated by a distance that is great enough to limit gene flow.

Question 6

Terrestrial plants radiated onto land because of a mass extinction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Grizzly bears,whales,mice,and humans are very different genotypically and phenotypically.However,they do share some genotypic and phenotypic traits because they

Accepted Answer

A)  independently evolved the similar traits, even though they are not related to each other. 
B)  evolved from species that radiated from a common ancestral species millions of years ago. 
C)  occupy the same ecological niche where similar traits are selected. 
D)  are not reproductively isolated from each other. 
A)  independently evolved the similar traits, even though they are not related to each other. 
B)  evolved from species that radiated from a common ancestral species millions of years ago. 
C)  occupy the same ecological niche where similar traits are selected. 
D)  are not reproductively isolated from each other.

Question 8

Geographic isolation limits the ________ between populations of a species.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic differences 
B)  adaptation 
C)  directional selection 
D)  gene flow 
A)  genetic differences 
B)  adaptation 
C)  directional selection 
D)  gene flow

Question 9

A ________ species may exist when an organism's range loops around a geographic barrier.Neighboring populations in the range mate,but populations on opposite sides of the barrier cannot mate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A ________ species may exist when an...

Question 10

Adaptive evolution allows species to

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce the mutation rate. 
B)  decrease genetic variation. 
C)  adjust to environmental changes. 
D)  hybridize. 
A)  reduce the mutation rate. 
B)  decrease genetic variation. 
C)  adjust to environmental changes. 
D)  hybridize.

Question 11

In the example below,two new species are created as a result of ________ speciation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the example below,two new species are...

Question 12

A large population of animals is split in two by a physical barrier.Over time,the genetic makeup of the two resulting populations becomes more and more different,until each population becomes a separate species.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  allopatric speciation. 
C)  genetic drift. 
D)  natural selection. 
A)  sympatric speciation. 
B)  allopatric speciation. 
C)  genetic drift. 
D)  natural selection.

Question 13

Sympatric speciation requires geographic isolation of populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Organisms with homologous traits

Accepted Answer

A)  have undergone convergent evolution. 
B)  evolved the traits independently of each other. 
C)  are not related. 
D)  have speciated from a common ancestor. 
A)  have undergone convergent evolution. 
B)  evolved the traits independently of each other. 
C)  are not related. 
D)  have speciated from a common ancestor.

Question 15

The failure of the gametes to fuse is a prezygotic barrier to reproduction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

If organisms are categorized as a species by the morphological species concept,they will not be categorized as a species by the biological species concept.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Before the cultivation of the apple tree,apple maggot flies laid their eggs exclusively on the fruit of Hawthorne trees.As apple orchards became more prominent,apple maggot flies began to lay their eggs on both the fruit of the Hawthorne tree and the fruit of cultivated apple trees.Now,apple maggot flies that live on apple trees mate and lay their eggs at different times of the year than apple maggot flies that live on Hawthorne trees.Is this an example of reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes; these two fly populations exhibit a postzygotic barrier that prevents hybrid individuals from developing properly. 
B)  No; although these two fly populations do not mate in nature, they can be forced to mate in a laboratory because their DNA sequences are still the same. 
C)  No; this is an example of speciation rather than reproductive isolation. 
D)  Yes; these two fly populations exhibit a temporal prezygotic barrier that prevents their gametes from encountering each other. 
A)  Yes; these two fly populations exhibit a postzygotic barrier that prevents hybrid individuals from developing properly. 
B)  No; although these two fly populations do not mate in nature, they can be forced to mate in a laboratory because their DNA sequences are still the same. 
C)  No; this is an example of speciation rather than reproductive isolation. 
D)  Yes; these two fly populations exhibit a temporal prezygotic barrier that prevents their gametes from encountering each other.

Question 18

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the biodiversity seen on islands?

Accepted Answer

A)  Islands allow for allopatric speciation. 
B)  The small populations on islands are susceptible to genetic drift. 
C)  Islands frequently provide microclimates that result in ecological isolation. 
D)  Species frequently undergo adaptive radiation when they migrate to remote islands. 
A)  Islands allow for allopatric speciation. 
B)  The small populations on islands are susceptible to genetic drift. 
C)  Islands frequently provide microclimates that result in ecological isolation. 
D)  Species frequently undergo adaptive radiation when they migrate to remote islands.

Question 19

Vertebrates,animals with backbones,and arthropods,including insects,are only distantly related.The arthropod eye evolved independently of the vertebrate eye.Therefore,the arthropod eye and the vertebrate eye are ________ structures in relation to each other.

Accepted Answer

A)  homologous 
B)  vestigial 
C)  analogous 
D)  hybrid 
A)  homologous 
B)  vestigial 
C)  analogous 
D)  hybrid

Question 20

Speciation as a result of geographic isolation generally occurs at a ________ rate than speciation as a result of polyploidy.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Speciation as a result of geographic isolation...

Exam 15: The Origin of Species

Sympatric speciation always follows allopatric speciation.

Some scientists believe that amphibians may be the victims of the next mass extinction.If this does occur,other classes of animals may adapt to the ecological niches vacated by the amphibians in a process called ________.

Speciation

Why have the two plant populations depicted in the following diagram become so different in the time they were separated by the ocean?

In general,geographical isolation occurs when

Terrestrial plants radiated onto land because of a mass extinction.

Grizzly bears,whales,mice,and humans are very different genotypically and phenotypically.However,they do share some genotypic and phenotypic traits because they

Geographic isolation limits the ________ between populations of a species.

A ________ species may exist when an organism's range loops around a geographic barrier.Neighboring populations in the range mate,but populations on opposite sides of the barrier cannot mate.

Adaptive evolution allows species to

In the example below,two new species are created as a result of ________ speciation.

A large population of animals is split in two by a physical barrier.Over time,the genetic makeup of the two resulting populations becomes more and more different,until each population becomes a separate species.This is an example of

Sympatric speciation requires geographic isolation of populations.

Organisms with homologous traits

The failure of the gametes to fuse is a prezygotic barrier to reproduction.

If organisms are categorized as a species by the morphological species concept,they will not be categorized as a species by the biological species concept.

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the biodiversity seen on islands?

Vertebrates,animals with backbones,and arthropods,including insects,are only distantly related.The arthropod eye evolved independently of the vertebrate eye.Therefore,the arthropod eye and the vertebrate eye are ________ structures in relation to each other.

Speciation as a result of geographic isolation generally occurs at a ________ rate than speciation as a result of polyploidy.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photo Synthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

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