Question 1

Piaget believed that children

Accepted Answer

A) are passively shaped by their experiences. 
B) actively try to make sense of their world. 
C) learn through a series of reinforcements and punishments. 
D) face a series of conflicts or challenges as they develop. 
A) are passively shaped by their experiences. 
B) actively try to make sense of their world. 
C) learn through a series of reinforcements and punishments. 
D) face a series of conflicts or challenges as they develop.

Question 2

The oldest scientific perspective on child development is the ______________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A) learning 
B) social cognitive 
C) ethological 
D) psychodynamic 
A) learning 
B) social cognitive 
C) ethological 
D) psychodynamic

Question 3

Children are just as likely to imitate the behaviour of someone they think is popular and talented,as they are to imitate the behaviour of someone they consider unpopular or untalented.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Jean-Jacques Rousseau emphasized ____________ in child rearing.

Accepted Answer

A) parental discipline 
B) parental responsiveness and receptiveness 
C) authoritarian control 
D) a lack of parental involvement 
A) parental discipline 
B) parental responsiveness and receptiveness 
C) authoritarian control 
D) a lack of parental involvement

Question 5

In an experiment,the researcher manipulates the dependent variable and measures the independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development focused on

Accepted Answer

A) the resolution of psychological crises. 
B) improvements in mental hardware and software. 
C) children's creation of "theories" that help them understand their worlds. 
D) adaptive behaviours that are learned during critical periods. 
A) the resolution of psychological crises. 
B) improvements in mental hardware and software. 
C) children's creation of "theories" that help them understand their worlds. 
D) adaptive behaviours that are learned during critical periods.

Question 7

Dr.Land conducted a study in a preschool to test his hypothesis that the amount of unstructured time (free play) in a day affects the amount of unruliness that children display.Teachers systematically varied the amount of free play each day for a month,and Dr.Land's research assistants recorded the amount of unruliness children displayed each day.This study would best be described as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) correlational study. 
B) laboratory experiment 
C) field experiment. 
D) self-report study. 
A) correlational study. 
B) laboratory experiment 
C) field experiment. 
D) self-report study.

Question 8

Gesell's maturational theory most closely fits with the ideas of

Accepted Answer

A) Jean Jacques Rousseau. 
B) Erik Erikson. 
C) John Locke. 
D) John Watson. 
A) Jean Jacques Rousseau. 
B) Erik Erikson. 
C) John Locke. 
D) John Watson.

Question 9

Rousseau believed that human development unfolds naturally,based on our own preset,innate tendencies,and that our childhood experiences did not greatly affect our development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Mary chose to assess the quality of infants' relationships with their caregivers by observing infants in a laboratory situation wherein the infants experienced a series of separations from and reunions with their caregivers.What kind of measure did Mary use?

Accepted Answer

A) self-report 
B) naturalistic observation 
C) structured observation 
D) questionnaire 
A) self-report 
B) naturalistic observation 
C) structured observation 
D) questionnaire

Question 11

When a particular type of learning can take place only during a specific time period,not before or after that period,there is a(n) ________ for learning that behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) instinct 
B) critical period 
C) blank slate 
D) emotional bond 
A) instinct 
B) critical period 
C) blank slate 
D) emotional bond

Question 12

A microgenetic study is a particularly long type of longitudinal study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Relate the nature vs nurture debate to historical views of children and childhood.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 14

Whenever Krysia hung up her coat and put away her backpack after school,she was excused from setting the table,a chore she detests.Krysia's parents were using ________ to modify her behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) self-efficacy 
B) punishment 
C) negative reinforcement 
D) positive reinforcement 
A) self-efficacy 
B) punishment 
C) negative reinforcement 
D) positive reinforcement

Question 15

Michael and Lisa are new parents and they believe that their actions will influence their new son.They don't think that their son's behaviour will influence their parenting.Michael and Lisa's views of parenting are consistent with the ________ position of the ________ issue.

Accepted Answer

A) nature;nature-nurture 
B) passive;active-passive child 
C) connection;connection of domains 
D) continuity;continuity-discontinuity 
A) nature;nature-nurture 
B) passive;active-passive child 
C) connection;connection of domains 
D) continuity;continuity-discontinuity

Question 16

One drawback of structured observations is that

Accepted Answer

A) the artificial nature of the setting may distort the behaviour of interest. 
B) they cannot be used to study behaviours that occur naturally only rarely. 
C) they can only be used to study behaviours that occur in public settings. 
D) they cannot be performed in a laboratory. 
A) the artificial nature of the setting may distort the behaviour of interest. 
B) they cannot be used to study behaviours that occur naturally only rarely. 
C) they can only be used to study behaviours that occur in public settings. 
D) they cannot be performed in a laboratory.

Question 17

Piaget stated that children's theories about the world

Accepted Answer

A) remain the same until adulthood. 
B) undergo three major changes during development. 
C) are never tested by the children. 
D) are based on what adults tell them. 
A) remain the same until adulthood. 
B) undergo three major changes during development. 
C) are never tested by the children. 
D) are based on what adults tell them.

Question 18

The view that children are active in their development means that children are at the mercy of their environments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Abe is investigating moral reasoning by asking children what they would do in different situations,such as if one of their friends would shoplift when they were together.He is concerned that children may be giving him the answers they think he wants to hear rather than their genuine feelings about what they would really do.Abe is worried about

Accepted Answer

A) cohort effects. 
B) representative sampling. 
C) response bias. 
D) confidentiality. 
A) cohort effects. 
B) representative sampling. 
C) response bias. 
D) confidentiality.

Question 20

Compared to Bandura,Skinner proposed that the child plays a more active role in learning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Piaget believed that children

The oldest scientific perspective on child development is the ______________ perspective.

Children are just as likely to imitate the behaviour of someone they think is popular and talented,as they are to imitate the behaviour of someone they consider unpopular or untalented.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau emphasized ____________ in child rearing.

In an experiment,the researcher manipulates the dependent variable and measures the independent variable.

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development focused on

Gesell's maturational theory most closely fits with the ideas of

Rousseau believed that human development unfolds naturally,based on our own preset,innate tendencies,and that our childhood experiences did not greatly affect our development.

Mary chose to assess the quality of infants' relationships with their caregivers by observing infants in a laboratory situation wherein the infants experienced a series of separations from and reunions with their caregivers.What kind of measure did Mary use?

When a particular type of learning can take place only during a specific time period,not before or after that period,there is a(n) ________ for learning that behaviour.

A microgenetic study is a particularly long type of longitudinal study.

Relate the nature vs nurture debate to historical views of children and childhood.

Whenever Krysia hung up her coat and put away her backpack after school,she was excused from setting the table,a chore she detests.Krysia's parents were using ________ to modify her behaviour.

Michael and Lisa are new parents and they believe that their actions will influence their new son.They don't think that their son's behaviour will influence their parenting.Michael and Lisa's views of parenting are consistent with the position of the issue.

One drawback of structured observations is that

Piaget stated that children's theories about the world

The view that children are active in their development means that children are at the mercy of their environments.

Compared to Bandura,Skinner proposed that the child plays a more active role in learning.

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behaviour

Gender and Development

Social Influences

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Child Development

Piaget believed that children

The oldest scientific perspective on child development is the ______________ perspective.

Children are just as likely to imitate the behaviour of someone they think is popular and talented,as they are to imitate the behaviour of someone they consider unpopular or untalented.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau emphasized ____________ in child rearing.

In an experiment,the researcher manipulates the dependent variable and measures the independent variable.

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development focused on

Gesell's maturational theory most closely fits with the ideas of

Rousseau believed that human development unfolds naturally,based on our own preset,innate tendencies,and that our childhood experiences did not greatly affect our development.

Mary chose to assess the quality of infants' relationships with their caregivers by observing infants in a laboratory situation wherein the infants experienced a series of separations from and reunions with their caregivers.What kind of measure did Mary use?

When a particular type of learning can take place only during a specific time period,not before or after that period,there is a(n) ________ for learning that behaviour.

A microgenetic study is a particularly long type of longitudinal study.

Relate the nature vs nurture debate to historical views of children and childhood.

Whenever Krysia hung up her coat and put away her backpack after school,she was excused from setting the table,a chore she detests.Krysia's parents were using ________ to modify her behaviour.

Michael and Lisa are new parents and they believe that their actions will influence their new son.They don't think that their son's behaviour will influence their parenting.Michael and Lisa's views of parenting are consistent with the ________ position of the ________ issue.

One drawback of structured observations is that

Piaget stated that children's theories about the world

The view that children are active in their development means that children are at the mercy of their environments.

Compared to Bandura,Skinner proposed that the child plays a more active role in learning.

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behaviour

Gender and Development

Social Influences

Filters

Michael and Lisa are new parents and they believe that their actions will influence their new son.They don't think that their son's behaviour will influence their parenting.Michael and Lisa's views of parenting are consistent with the position of the issue.