Question 1

According to Bandura,self-efficacy beliefs help determine when children will imitate others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following statements best describes observer bias?

Accepted Answer

A) Children tend to watch a researcher more than their parents. 
B) We are more likely to notice events that fit into our theories. 
C) Children are often unaware that they are being watched. 
D) We are more likely to behave nicely when people are watching us. 
A) Children tend to watch a researcher more than their parents. 
B) We are more likely to notice events that fit into our theories. 
C) Children are often unaware that they are being watched. 
D) We are more likely to behave nicely when people are watching us.

Question 3

Explain Piaget's perspective on development and contrast it with the early learning theories of Watson and Skinner.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 4

Formal operational thought is more focused on the here and now than is concrete operational thought.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The variable in an experiment that is observed to see if it changes when another variable is manipulated is called the

Accepted Answer

A) correlation coefficient. 
B) independent variable. 
C) cohort. 
D) dependent variable. 
A) correlation coefficient. 
B) independent variable. 
C) cohort. 
D) dependent variable.

Question 6

In structured observation,the researcher goes out of his/her way to create a situation where they are unlikely to observe the behaviour they are studying.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to Bronfenbrenner,the people and objects in an individual's immediate environment represent the

Accepted Answer

A) macrosystem. 
B) exosystem. 
C) microsystem. 
D) mesosystem. 
A) macrosystem. 
B) exosystem. 
C) microsystem. 
D) mesosystem.

Question 8

After any research is conducted with human participants,those participants must be given a ________,explaining the purpose of the research.

Accepted Answer

A) debriefing 
B) video 
C) informed consent 
D) inferential statistics package 
A) debriefing 
B) video 
C) informed consent 
D) inferential statistics package

Question 9

An evolutionary perspective is most closely associated with which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

A) psychosocial 
B) psychodynamic 
C) maturational 
D) ethological 
A) psychosocial 
B) psychodynamic 
C) maturational 
D) ethological

Question 10

A correlation coefficient of .85 indicates that two variables are positively related (e.g. ,children who watch many violent TV shows are more aggressive).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Pavlov was the first researcher to describe classical conditioning in animals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following is a problem with the use of self-report?

Accepted Answer

A) Answers do not lead directly to information on the topic of interest. 
B) Children may provide answers that are socially acceptable. 
C) The collection of information is not convenient. 
D) Children have very accurate memories so their answers regarding past events can be trusted. 
A) Answers do not lead directly to information on the topic of interest. 
B) Children may provide answers that are socially acceptable. 
C) The collection of information is not convenient. 
D) Children have very accurate memories so their answers regarding past events can be trusted.

Question 13

The ______ design has been referred to as a "snapshot" taken at one point in time.

Accepted Answer

A) longitudinal 
B) microgenetic 
C) cross-sectional 
D) longitudinal-sequential 
A) longitudinal 
B) microgenetic 
C) cross-sectional 
D) longitudinal-sequential

Question 14

A quasi-experimental design involves comparisons between

Accepted Answer

A) groups that were not formed by random assignment. 
B) groups that were not formed based on gender. 
C) groups that were formed by random assignment. 
D) groups that were formed based on age. 
A) groups that were not formed by random assignment. 
B) groups that were not formed based on gender. 
C) groups that were formed by random assignment. 
D) groups that were formed based on age.

Question 15

Sonja conducts an experiment to determine whether listening to music affects emotional state.She has children wait alone in a room that either did or did not have music playing and then has them complete a questionnaire asking about their current level of happiness.The independent variable in this study is

Accepted Answer

A) how happy they were before the study began. 
B) being alone in the room while waiting. 
C) whether or not music was playing in the room. 
D) their level of happiness as rated on the questionnaire. 
A) how happy they were before the study began. 
B) being alone in the room while waiting. 
C) whether or not music was playing in the room. 
D) their level of happiness as rated on the questionnaire.

Question 16

Which of the following theories looks at development from a biological perspective?

Accepted Answer

A) Freud's psychosexual theory 
B) Bandura's social cognitive theory 
C) Gesell's maturational theory 
D) Erikson's psychosocial theory 
A) Freud's psychosexual theory 
B) Bandura's social cognitive theory 
C) Gesell's maturational theory 
D) Erikson's psychosocial theory

Question 17

Most of our psychological characteristics are determined either solely by our genes or solely by the environment in which we are raised.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Who was the first theorist to use learning theory to explain child development?

Accepted Answer

A) Sigmund Freud 
B) John Watson 
C) Jean Piaget 
D) Konrad Lorenz 
A) Sigmund Freud 
B) John Watson 
C) Jean Piaget 
D) Konrad Lorenz

Question 19

Applied developmental science uses developmental research to promote healthy development,particularly for vulnerable children and families.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What might a researcher do to avoid a potential observation bias?

Accepted Answer

A) Establishing behavioural definitions and observational guidelines prior to the observations. 
B) Make sure he or she is observing carefully. 
C) Clearly explain the research with the participants. 
D) Perform the study multiple times. 
A) Establishing behavioural definitions and observational guidelines prior to the observations. 
B) Make sure he or she is observing carefully. 
C) Clearly explain the research with the participants. 
D) Perform the study multiple times.

According to Bandura,self-efficacy beliefs help determine when children will imitate others.

Which of the following statements best describes observer bias?

Explain Piaget's perspective on development and contrast it with the early learning theories of Watson and Skinner.

Formal operational thought is more focused on the here and now than is concrete operational thought.

The variable in an experiment that is observed to see if it changes when another variable is manipulated is called the

In structured observation,the researcher goes out of his/her way to create a situation where they are unlikely to observe the behaviour they are studying.

According to Bronfenbrenner,the people and objects in an individual's immediate environment represent the

After any research is conducted with human participants,those participants must be given a ________,explaining the purpose of the research.

An evolutionary perspective is most closely associated with which of the following theories?

A correlation coefficient of .85 indicates that two variables are positively related (e.g. ,children who watch many violent TV shows are more aggressive).

Pavlov was the first researcher to describe classical conditioning in animals.

Which of the following is a problem with the use of self-report?

The ______ design has been referred to as a "snapshot" taken at one point in time.

A quasi-experimental design involves comparisons between

Which of the following theories looks at development from a biological perspective?

Most of our psychological characteristics are determined either solely by our genes or solely by the environment in which we are raised.

Who was the first theorist to use learning theory to explain child development?

Applied developmental science uses developmental research to promote healthy development,particularly for vulnerable children and families.

What might a researcher do to avoid a potential observation bias?

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behaviour

Gender and Development

Social Influences

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Child Development

According to Bandura,self-efficacy beliefs help determine when children will imitate others.

Which of the following statements best describes observer bias?

Explain Piaget's perspective on development and contrast it with the early learning theories of Watson and Skinner.

Formal operational thought is more focused on the here and now than is concrete operational thought.

The variable in an experiment that is observed to see if it changes when another variable is manipulated is called the

In structured observation,the researcher goes out of his/her way to create a situation where they are unlikely to observe the behaviour they are studying.

According to Bronfenbrenner,the people and objects in an individual's immediate environment represent the

After any research is conducted with human participants,those participants must be given a ________,explaining the purpose of the research.

An evolutionary perspective is most closely associated with which of the following theories?

A correlation coefficient of .85 indicates that two variables are positively related (e.g. ,children who watch many violent TV shows are more aggressive).

Pavlov was the first researcher to describe classical conditioning in animals.

Which of the following is a problem with the use of self-report?

The ______ design has been referred to as a "snapshot" taken at one point in time.

A quasi-experimental design involves comparisons between

Which of the following theories looks at development from a biological perspective?

Most of our psychological characteristics are determined either solely by our genes or solely by the environment in which we are raised.

Who was the first theorist to use learning theory to explain child development?

Applied developmental science uses developmental research to promote healthy development,particularly for vulnerable children and families.

What might a researcher do to avoid a potential observation bias?

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behaviour

Gender and Development

Social Influences

Filters