Exam 1: The Science of Child Development

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development,development is

Which of the following is true of the five perspectives (psychodynamic,learning,contextual,cognitive-developmental,biological) used to explain child development?

One of the ways that child-development researchers can contribute to sound family policy is by

Social cognitive theory extended operant conditioning theory by adding the concept of

Tabula rasa refers to the idea that children are born with everything they ever need to develop normally.

What is one of the possible problems with the research conducted by Sturge-Apple et al.(2010)?

A measure is ________ if the results are consistent over time.

When writing a paper,which of the following is the APA-style way to let your reader know whose research you are referring to?

One difference between Skinner's operant conditioning and Bandura's social cognitive theory is that

To measure children's social skill,you decide to use the number of interactions children have with other children.As you collect data,you notice that some children who have many interactions do not seem to be very socially skilled because many of their interactions are negative.This makes you question the ________ of your measure.

The nature-nurture issue is concerned with

One of the first theorists to emphasize cultural context in child development was Lev Vygotsky.

Caitlyn has grown up in a family that has a long history of baking.Her parents own a bakery that was passed down to them from Caitlyn's grandparents.She has learned,from working with her parents and grandparents,how to make dough,roll dough,and how to ultimately bake the loaves of bread.Caitlyn can almost be viewed as an 'apprentice' working with her family.Which theory best explains Caitlyn's upbringing?

Nehama believes that we could totally understand why children behave as they do if we would just look at the rewards and punishments they've received for their behaviours in the past.Nehama looks at child development as a(n) ________ theorist does.

When eight-year-old Chris brought home a report card with all A's his parents gave him one dollar for each A.Chris's parents were attempting to use ________ to shape Chris's future behaviour.

Carol begged her father for some candy when they were in the grocery store.Eventually,Carol's father gave in and bought Carol some candy.According to theories of operant conditioning,what is likely to happen the next time Carol and her father go to the grocery store?

Some theories share assumptions and ideas about children and development.Grouped together,they form four major theoretical perspectives in child-development research.

According to ________ theory,development is a result of how conflicts are resolved.

A strength of field experiments is that the results are more likely to be representative of behaviour in real-world settings than results obtained in a laboratory.

According to Erikson,the earlier stages of psychosocial development provide the foundation for later stages.