Question 1

How does a researcher obtain informed consent from a child?

Accepted Answer

A) Because the child is a minor,the researcher doesn't need to worry about obtaining informed consent. 
B) The researcher must ask the child's parent(s) first,and then ask the child for their assent. 
C) The researcher only has to ask the child's parent(s). 
D) The researcher only has to ask the child if they agree to participate. 
A) Because the child is a minor,the researcher doesn't need to worry about obtaining informed consent. 
B) The researcher must ask the child's parent(s) first,and then ask the child for their assent. 
C) The researcher only has to ask the child's parent(s). 
D) The researcher only has to ask the child if they agree to participate.

Question 2

The French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau believed that

Accepted Answer

A) the human infant is born a tabula rasa. 
B) infants were born with an innate sense of justice and morality. 
C) experience moulds each human into a unique individual. 
D) parents should teach their children rationality and self-control. 
A) the human infant is born a tabula rasa. 
B) infants were born with an innate sense of justice and morality. 
C) experience moulds each human into a unique individual. 
D) parents should teach their children rationality and self-control.

Question 3

A strength of correlational research is that investigators can examine relationships between variables as they exist naturally in the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Six-year-old Sarah had been watching her older brother and sister in swim meets for several years.Sarah believed she was a good swimmer too,and eagerly entered her first swim meet shortly after she turned six.Bandura would say that ________ played a role in Sarah's desire to imitate her siblings.

Accepted Answer

A) genetic factors 
B) self-efficacy 
C) punishment 
D) negative reinforcement 
A) genetic factors 
B) self-efficacy 
C) punishment 
D) negative reinforcement

Question 5

Describe longitudinal and cross-sectional research designs.What are strengths and weaknesses of each design?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 6

Field experiments

Accepted Answer

A) involve manipulation of independent variables. 
B) occur in a laboratory setting. 
C) do not allow investigators to draw conclusions about cause and effect. 
D) are usually fairly easy to conduct. 
A) involve manipulation of independent variables. 
B) occur in a laboratory setting. 
C) do not allow investigators to draw conclusions about cause and effect. 
D) are usually fairly easy to conduct.

Question 7

Summarize the five developmental perspectives (e.g. ,biological,psychodynamic,etc. ) and list which theories belong with each perspective.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the

Question 8

The continuity-discontinuity issue addresses the question of whether

Accepted Answer

A) genes or environment are most important. 
B) development in different domains is related. 
C) children actively influence their own development. 
D) early development is related to later development. 
A) genes or environment are most important. 
B) development in different domains is related. 
C) children actively influence their own development. 
D) early development is related to later development.

Question 9

In child development science,an organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development is referred to as a

Accepted Answer

A) theory. 
B) critical period. 
C) tabula rasa. 
D) case history. 
A) theory. 
B) critical period. 
C) tabula rasa. 
D) case history.

Question 10

Imprinting occurs when a child becomes independent from his/her mother.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Frank was watching a Saturday morning cartoon in which the main character kicked someone and took away a toy.Frank then walked across the room and kicked his brother Joe and took away Joe's toy just as a cartoon character had done on the TV show.According to social cognitive theory,Frank has just demonstrated

Accepted Answer

A) observational learning or imitation. 
B) punishment for aggressive behaviour. 
C) reinforcement for sharing toys. 
D) imprinting. 
A) observational learning or imitation. 
B) punishment for aggressive behaviour. 
C) reinforcement for sharing toys. 
D) imprinting.

Question 12

Experience plays the most important role in which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

A) maturational 
B) cognitive-developmental 
C) ethological 
D) learning 
A) maturational 
B) cognitive-developmental 
C) ethological 
D) learning

Question 13

The concept of a critical period in development refers to the time when a specific type of learning can take place.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

One strength of longitudinal studies is that they allow researchers to chart an individual's development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The detailed,systematic observations of individual children commonly used by scientists in the 19ᵗʰ century came to be known as

Accepted Answer

A) blank slates. 
B) baby biographies. 
C) mental tests. 
D) critical periods. 
A) blank slates. 
B) baby biographies. 
C) mental tests. 
D) critical periods.

Question 16

Erikson's theory suggests that 16-year-old Glenn is likely to be facing the challenge of

Accepted Answer

A) realizing that he is an independent person. 
B) establishing an intimate relationship with another person. 
C) developing a sense of trust in the world. 
D) developing a sense of his own identity. 
A) realizing that he is an independent person. 
B) establishing an intimate relationship with another person. 
C) developing a sense of trust in the world. 
D) developing a sense of his own identity.

Question 17

The moral agent in a child's personality is the

Accepted Answer

A) ego. 
B) superego. 
C) primitive instincts. 
D) id. 
A) ego. 
B) superego. 
C) primitive instincts. 
D) id.

Question 18

Bandura's "Bobo doll" study is a classic example of classical conditioning at work

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Children can "get used to" the presence of a researcher observing them,and exhibit their usual behaviour patterns.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Which of the following refers to our tendency to act differently when we know someone is watching us?

Accepted Answer

A) observer bias 
B) habituation 
C) reliability 
D) observer influence 
A) observer bias 
B) habituation 
C) reliability 
D) observer influence

How does a researcher obtain informed consent from a child?

The French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau believed that

A strength of correlational research is that investigators can examine relationships between variables as they exist naturally in the world.

Six-year-old Sarah had been watching her older brother and sister in swim meets for several years.Sarah believed she was a good swimmer too,and eagerly entered her first swim meet shortly after she turned six.Bandura would say that ________ played a role in Sarah's desire to imitate her siblings.

Describe longitudinal and cross-sectional research designs.What are strengths and weaknesses of each design?

Field experiments

Summarize the five developmental perspectives (e.g. ,biological,psychodynamic,etc. ) and list which theories belong with each perspective.

The continuity-discontinuity issue addresses the question of whether

In child development science,an organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development is referred to as a

Imprinting occurs when a child becomes independent from his/her mother.

Experience plays the most important role in which of the following theories?

The concept of a critical period in development refers to the time when a specific type of learning can take place.

One strength of longitudinal studies is that they allow researchers to chart an individual's development.

The detailed,systematic observations of individual children commonly used by scientists in the 19ᵗʰ century came to be known as

Erikson's theory suggests that 16-year-old Glenn is likely to be facing the challenge of

The moral agent in a child's personality is the

Bandura's "Bobo doll" study is a classic example of classical conditioning at work

Children can "get used to" the presence of a researcher observing them,and exhibit their usual behaviour patterns.

Which of the following refers to our tendency to act differently when we know someone is watching us?

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behaviour

Gender and Development

Social Influences

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Child Development

How does a researcher obtain informed consent from a child?

The French philosopher Jean Jacques Rousseau believed that

A strength of correlational research is that investigators can examine relationships between variables as they exist naturally in the world.

Six-year-old Sarah had been watching her older brother and sister in swim meets for several years.Sarah believed she was a good swimmer too,and eagerly entered her first swim meet shortly after she turned six.Bandura would say that ________ played a role in Sarah's desire to imitate her siblings.

Describe longitudinal and cross-sectional research designs.What are strengths and weaknesses of each design?

Field experiments

Summarize the five developmental perspectives (e.g. ,biological,psychodynamic,etc. ) and list which theories belong with each perspective.

The continuity-discontinuity issue addresses the question of whether

In child development science,an organized set of ideas that is designed to explain development is referred to as a

Imprinting occurs when a child becomes independent from his/her mother.

Experience plays the most important role in which of the following theories?

The concept of a critical period in development refers to the time when a specific type of learning can take place.

One strength of longitudinal studies is that they allow researchers to chart an individual's development.

The detailed,systematic observations of individual children commonly used by scientists in the 19ᵗʰ century came to be known as

Erikson's theory suggests that 16-year-old Glenn is likely to be facing the challenge of

The moral agent in a child's personality is the

Bandura's "Bobo doll" study is a classic example of classical conditioning at work

Children can "get used to" the presence of a researcher observing them,and exhibit their usual behaviour patterns.

Which of the following refers to our tendency to act differently when we know someone is watching us?

Genetic Bases of Child Development

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn

Growth and Health

Perceptual and Motor Development

Theories of Cognitive Development

Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Language and Communication

Emotional Development

Understanding Self and Others

Moral Understanding and Behaviour

Gender and Development

Social Influences

Filters